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Enabling sustainability through co-adaptation: a process evaluation of a school-based physical activity program
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Schools represent strategic settings for adolescent health promotion across multiple domains, including physical activity (PA). Despite the development of numerous effective programs, sustaining their impact within the school context remains a key challenge. This process evaluation explores how mechanisms, participant experiences, and contextual factors shaped the design, implementation and potential sustainability of the replicated Sigue la Huella (SLH) program (originally designed to increase PA and reduce sedentary time) in a new secondary school in Spain. Grounded in the Replicating Effective Programs framework and co-creation principles, the intervention was co-adapted and implemented over a three-year period through an iterative, collaborative process. The approach emphasized contextual relevance, gradual transfer of responsibility, and long-term sustainability. Participants (ntotal = 43) included teachers (i.e. school implementers), the school principal, students, parents, and policymakers. Data were collected through field notes, focus groups, and interviews. Using the Framework Analysis, findings were organized into thematic matrices capturing stakeholder perspectives across co-adaptation and three implementation phases. While the core structure of SLH was retained, delivery strategies were adapted to reflect school priorities and constraints. Key enablers of sustainability included strategic planning, flexible implementation, stakeholder empowerment, and institutionalization. However, challenges such as training needs, coordination gaps, and competing initiatives persisted. In essence, the processes of co-adaptation, accompanied by a staged withdrawal of research implementation support, have been found to foster school ownership, high-fidelity delivery, and institutionalization creating optimal conditions for autonomous sustainability while recognizing context-dependent challenges
Valeurs et justices énergétiques au sein des coopératives d'énergie : une lecture institutionnaliste
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Réduction des déchets textiles sanitaires et couches lavables : penser les flux, le travail et les normes pour un service public inclusif
No full textDepuis les années 1980, la couche jetable s'est imposée parmi les classes moyennes françaises, reconfigurant les relations de travail, les flux de ressources, et les normes sociales liées au change infantile. À mesure que les quantités de plastique à usage unique souillé d'excréta ont augmenté, des expérimentations ont émergé pour promouvoir des alternatives : couches lavables, couches compostables. Cet article s'appuie sur l'accompagnement et la documentation d'une expérimentation menée par un syndicat de gestion des déchets visant à concevoir un service public de couches lavables. À partir d'observations et d'entretiens auprès de parents, professionnel.les de santé, structures d'accueil, maternités et laveries, l'enquête interroge les dimensions matérielles, normatives et organisationnelles de l'hygiène infantile, en révélant ses fondements structurels au-delà des choix individuels de consommation. L'analyse met en lumière les relations et inégalités de genre, de classe et de disponibilité temporelle qu'un objet aussi ordinaire qu'une couche pour enfant mobilise, des plus concrètes (flux d'eau, plastique, résidus lessiviels, tableaux budgétaires) aux plus symboliques (représentations de la bonne parentalité, normes d'hygiène hospitalière). Les savoirs et ressources générés par l'expérimentation, alors qu'elle s'adapte pour répondre aux demandes des partenaires, donnent à voir les intrications et réarticulations entre les coûts d'une société jetable, la distribution du travailnotamment domestique -les ressources et les contraintes institutionnelles nécessaires à la réduction des déchets textiles sanitaires à usage unique, dont les couches jetables font partie. Dans l'optique de mise en place d'un service public inclusif, l'article introduit la posture d' « entrepreneur de liens sociaux », en contraste avec la posture d'entrepreneur de morale ou de cause. Là où ces derniers oeuvrent à la construction d'un problème collectif ou à la stigmatisation de certains comportements, l'entrepreneur de liens sociaux opère en soutenant les conditions relationnelles, matérielles et organisationnelles permettant d'accompagner différents acteurs en matière de change infantile. Nous démontrons la nécessité pour ces entrepreneurs de liens sociaux, de prêter attention aux conditions concrètes d'accès aux dispositifs et aux besoins différenciés, afin de faire converger enjeux sociaux et enjeux environnementaux
Energy policy distractions to renewable programs: a comparative assessment
No full textInternational audienceAbstract This article reviews renewable energy programs and policies as a result of the resurgence in demand for fossil fuels. Australia and selected countries are considered through the lens of energy justice. The range of countries evidence a resurgence in demand for fossil fuels, such as coal and gas, in the wake of disruptive global events. For example, the war in Ukraine, Middle East conflicts and pandemics such as COVID, can be seen as major global disruptors of renewable energy policies and projects. While Australia’s renewable energy in contrast to non-renewable energy is the focus, a mix of selected countries are chosen as comparators. The selected countries capture how governments are navigating the fiscal/economic, political and environmental tensions between renewable and non-renewable energy sources, policies, programs and laws. The two research questions ask ‘What current and proposed policy and laws address the energy justice economic, environmental and political aspects of the climate-related transition plans to renewable energy?’ as well as ‘Can the mix of non-renewable and renewable energy resources be quantitively ranked against economic, political and environmental pressures?’ The first question adopts the method of desktop research, conducted to produce policy and legislation data that are linked together with the qualitative method of narrative. For instance, the Australian legislative focus will be taxation law. For the second question, a quantitative method using the ‘energy justice metric’ is adopted. In particular, the research builds and adapts the parameters of the energy justice metric for all comparator countries. The results are plotted on a ternary phase diagram. The highlights of this article include the raising of awareness of energy policy distractions to renewable programs as a result of the resurgence in demand for fossil fuels, such as coal and gas, in the wake of disruptive global events. The essence of the article points towards how energy justice principles can enable resilience in policy decisions despite these disruptor issues and countries can continue to move towards a just transition to a low carbon economy. Plain English summary There are major dilemmas facing countries today in the shift towards sustainable energy policies. Issues include funding for renewable energy programs and policies, alongside the resurgence in demand for fossil fuels, such as coal and gas, due to disruptive global events (such as military conflicts, COVID-19 and extreme weather). This research considers the energy market tensions for the supply of fossil fuels, and the impact on renewable energy policies and laws. Through qualitative and metric-based questions, the trajectory of Australia, a fossil fuel rich country, is evaluated, and then its progress is compared with a range of countries including France, Trinidad-Tobago, Guyana, French Guiana, Iran, Malaysia, Kenya and Uganda. Thus, energy policy success and failures are explored from across the world. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of data using the energy justice metric shows the progress of their just energy transitions. The findings indicate positive steps in the journey of a just transition to a low-carbon economy. The modelling supports the research outcomes on key dilemmas arising from energy resource policies in these selected countries. Achieving the 2015 Paris Agreement emission targets remains elusive, but a justice-framed energy policy transition is the first step for many of these fossil fuel intense nations
On the optimum of the energy transfer efficiency in the generation of waves by subaerial landslides
No full textInternational audienceThis paper studies the problem of the energy transfer from a subaerial landslide to the waves it produces, in two dimensions, with a thoroughly validated multiphase Navier-Stokes model. The completeness of the model and the large domain considered give access to the time evolution of the slide and water energy components up to the far field. Considering a configuration favoring high energy transfer efficiency, namely a triangular water slide lying at the free surface, the slide volume (per unit width) is varied. The results show that the transfer efficiency is reduced by dispersion for the smaller slides and by breaking for the larger ones, leading to the existence of a local optimum for an intermediate slide size. Starting from this point, a new optimum is obtained by varying the slide density and the slope angle. Hence, with a density of 1750 kg. m -3 and a slope of 30°, the efficiency reaches a value of 87% in the near field and 73% in the far field, which may be good approximates of the related maxima in two dimensions. Compared to the previous optimum case, considering a granular rheology or slides at higher elevations drastically decreases the efficiency.</div
Sounds of Life: A FAIR Platform to Unlock the Potential of ioacoustic Data for Discovery and Interoperability
No full textInternational audienceContext and motivation Ecoacoustics is an emerging discipline that studies environmental sounds across spatial and temporal scales to understand biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics, from species behaviour to landscape-level change (Sueur and Farina 2015). Soundscapes encompass biological, abiotic, and anthropogenic acoustic sources, providing a comprehensive and dynamic view of ecosystems. Despite the increasing abundance of recordings collected worldwide, environmental acoustic data remain scattered, inconsistently described, and difficult to reuse due to the absence of shared international standards and interoperable workflows (Sugai et al. 2019). To unlock this latent wealth into actionable biodiversity knowledge, structuring and interoperability are essential. The Sounds of Life initiative Launched in 2023, Sounds of Life (SoL) unites over a dozen French institutions bridging ecology, ecoacoustics, geography, and information sciences. Coordinated by CNRS-UMR Passages and labelised by Huma-Num, the French national infrastructure for digital humanities, SoL aims to build a shared FAIR framework (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) for environmental acoustic data. The initiative brings together research groups across France such as CEFE, ISYEB, CESCO, INRAE, Lab-STICC, and others, combining biodiversity expertise with data science and infrastructure design. At the heart of the project is a FAIR-by-design platform that operationalizes the full pipeline: ingest, enrich, annotate, and publish. Through a web-based user interface (Homo et al. 2025), users can import audio files from local or cloud sources. A CSV mapping step lets users attach a first layer of structured metadata on upload, while built-in validators check required and recommended fields for GBIF-ready publication. These imported records are shared in a library, enabling collaboration in workspaces. Vocabulary services power autocomplete and normalization. A customizable spectrogram viewer Fig. 1 enables users to annotate precise time-frequency regions, add comments and provenance. Sets of records, called datasets, can be defined with mappings to Darwin Core terms and packaged as Darwin Core Archives (DwCA) with GBIF compliance indicators. Support for persistent identifiers in publication workflows is planned for the near future. Lessons learned from the pilot Building SoL around the FAIR principles revealed key lessons in representing acoustic data within biodiversity standards such as Darwin Core. A first challenge concerned multi-species soundscapes, which are difficult to represent within models that assume a single occurrence per recording. While Darwin Core handles single-taxon recordings well, real soundscapes often include several species and non-biological sounds. In our GBIF/TDWG-aligned profile, each recording is modeled as an Event and each detection as an Occurrence linked to that Event, with the media held via the Simple Multimedia extension. Time-frequency annotations are stored alongside detections, and exports reference the same media record. This design remains GBIF-compatible but reveals friction when publishing dense, multi-species scenes, highlighting the need for a community pattern or lightweight extension supporting multi-label audio. Another key finding concerned vocabulary load. Beyond the about 190 Darwin Core terms, more than 60 additional fields from 10 domain vocabularies were required for taxonomy, geography, devices, and traits. To keep forms usable, we applied progressive field display strategy (required or optional), use-case presets, and GBIF-ready validation. A minimal acoustic profile (about 25 fields) complemented by an extended layer could provide a practical balance between expressiveness and usability. We also faced structural challenges with the lack of a central schema enforcing consistency between Event, Occurrence, and MeasurementOrFact cores. We added consistency rules and export checks to reduce hidden errors. Documenting such patterns in a concise TDWG guidance note would help others align acoustic workflows with existing biodiversity standards. Overall, these lessons underline that interoperability is as much about design and usability as it is about technical standards. Shared profiles, cross-field validation rules, and clear community guidance will make FAIR acoustics both achievable and sustainable at scale. Collaboration, AI-readiness, and next steps Beyond technical design, SoL enables collaborative curation between ecologists, data specialists, and sound engineers, aligning vocabularies and improving reproducibility across studies, supporting the growing use of environmental sound as a measurable ecological signal. While the current pilot focuses on metadata management and annotation, it is intentionally AI-ready. Consistent, well-structured, and traceable data are prerequisites for automated detection, soundscape classification, and large-scale monitoring. Recent syntheses (e.g., Hoefer et al. (2023)) in passive acoustic monitoring emphasize the need for standardized, comparable datasets to enable robust cross-site analyses. Looking ahead, SoL aims to scale carefully beyond its pilot phase and contribute back to the TDWG/GBIF community through shared profiles and reference datasets. In the short term, through mid-2026, we are seeking input from TDWG and GBIF experts, ecoacoustics researchers, and data publishers to review our Darwin Core profile for acoustic data (Event/Occurrence + Multimedia) and controlled vocabularies for sound types and scenes; test end-to-end exports (DwC-A to IPT/GBIF) using real multi-species soundscapes; contribute pilot datasets across biomes to evaluate FAIRness, traceability, and reusability; and co-design AI-ready benchmark corpora with clear licensing, balanced labels, and robust metadata. review our Darwin Core profile for acoustic data (Event/Occurrence + Multimedia) and controlled vocabularies for sound types and scenes; test end-to-end exports (DwC-A to IPT/GBIF) using real multi-species soundscapes; contribute pilot datasets across biomes to evaluate FAIRness, traceability, and reusability; and co-design AI-ready benchmark corpora with clear licensing, balanced labels, and robust metadata. Our goal is to align these efforts with European and global infrastructures so that acoustic evidence becomes durable and comparable at scale
Exploring the Link Between Maturation, Organic Matter Content, and Terahertz Refractive Index in Oil Shales
No full textInternational audienceMaturation and organic matter content in oil shales are critical factors in determining their hydrocarbon generation potential and economic viability. Understanding these parameters is essential for optimizing extraction methods and evaluating resource quality. While previous studies have independently correlated each parameter with dielectric permittivity in the terahertz (THz) range, they have not accounted for their interdependence. This study aims to establish a correlation by considering maturation, organic matter content, and THz dielectric properties together. We performed Rock-Eval measurements to quantify organic matter content, vitrinite reflectance analysis to assess maturation, and THz spectroscopy measurements to estimate the THz refractive index on 15 oil shale samples from two different basins. The results reveal a relationship that integrates these parameters, providing valuable insights for more efficient characterization and exploitation of oil shale resources
Towards sustainable and functional food packaging: An in-depth analysis of edible films composed of marine gelatin and flaxseed protein isolate
No full textInternational audienceThis study explored the development of eco-friendly composite films based on cuttlefish gelatin (FG) and flaxseed protein isolate (FPI) for sustainable food packaging applications, intended to shift toward biodegradable materials capable of replacing petroleumbased polymers. Films were formulated based on gelatin combined to different FPI concentrations (25 to 75%) and characterized for their physicochemical, mechanical, and antioxidant properties. The incorporation of FPI resulted in significant enhancements of film performance. In fact, a significant increase in the tensile strength of films from 60 MPa (control) to 73.5 MPa (p < 0.05), as well as an increase by about 10 °C in the glass transition temperature, were noted after FPI addition at 75%. Water vapor permeability decreased from 6.01 ± 0.3 to 3.72 ± 0.4 10 -10 g m -1 s -1 Pa -1 , and water solubility dropped from 38.60 ± 0.40% to 17.50 ± 0.70% in films with 75% FPI (p < 0.05), indicating improved water resistance.Likewise, water contact angle measurements increased from 94.23° to 117.41°, reflecting greater surface hydrophobicity. FTIR analysis confirmed the formation of new molecular interactions between gelatin and FPI, which contributed to enhanced structural integrity. In addition, composite films showed good UV-barrier property with marked transparency.Regarding the antioxidant potential, the radical scavenging activity of films rose from 44% (control) to 80% (FG/75% FPI) for DPPH and from 29% (control) to 67% (FG/75% FPI) for ABTS, indicating a marked antioxidant effect. Taken together, the results strongly emphasized the use of gelatin-FPI composite films as a compelling biodegradable alternative to conventional plastic packaging, not only aligning with current sustainability imperatives but also delivering mechanical robust and moisture-resistant films with high antioxidant potential, which are essential for preserving the quality and safety of food products.</div
Persistent Contaminants and Biogeochemical Cycles: Investigating Pesticide Effects on Nitrogen Cycle
No full textInternational audienceDespite the long-term prohibition of certain pesticides, such as atrazine in France, these compounds are still detected in groundwater at significant concentrations, raising concerns about their lasting impact on biogeochemical cycles. Understanding how these persistent contaminants influence nutrient cycling, particularly in unsaturated zones and groundwater, is crucial for assessing their environmental consequences. In this context, isotopic tools provide a powerful approach for tracing pollutant dynamics and microbial processes. This study investigates the effects of pesticides on denitrification kinetics and nitrate isotopic signatures, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of nitrogen cycling in contaminated environments. To explore these effects, a batch experiment was conducted under controlled conditions, testing two concentrations of S-metolachlor (0.5 µg/L and 5 µg/L) and two nitrate levels (30 mg/L and 300 mg/L). S-metolachlor, a widely used herbicide for weed control in maize, was selected due to its frequent detection in groundwaters. Denitrification rates and nitrate isotopic fractionation were monitored over time to assess potential shifts in microbial nitrate reduction processes.Preliminary results indicate that while denitrification kinetics remain unchanged in the presence of S-metolachlor, nitrateisotopic fractionation is more pronounced in pesticide-treated samples. This suggests that S-metolachlor may influence microbial processes involved in nitrate reduction, leading to shifts in nitrogen isotope signatures.These findings highlight the potential for pesticides - both currently used and those banned decades ago - to alter nutrientcycling in groundwater and unsaturated zones, with implications for nitrogen fate in agricultural and natural ecosystems.By integrating isotopic approaches with the study of pollutant interactions in the nitrogen cycle, this research contributes to the development of interdisciplinary methods for tracing nutrient dynamics and contaminant fate in watersheds. Ultimately, these insights enhance our understanding of the long-term impact of pesticides on biogeochemical processes and support improved nitrogen management strategies for different environmental conditions such as agriculture
Accelerating field of view (FOV): performing optical fluorescence imaging during x-ray microscopy characterization
No full textInternational audienceCryogenic conditions are essential for studying frozen-hydrate biological systems; however, sample navigation and identification are often hindered by the coverage of amorphous ice. To address this challenge, we integrated an inline optical fluorescence microscope setup into the Bionanoprobe (BNP), a hard X-ray scanning microprobe at the Advanced Photon Source. This setup provides rapid specimen localization and, more importantly, enables the correlative studies that link the contribution of transitional metals to biochemical processes. The fluorescence signal, whether from intrinsic or deliberately introduced fluorophore, bridges optical and X-ray imaging, offering a powerful platform for multimodal characterization. In this talk, we will demonstrate the recent success of utilizing the inline optical microscope setup in assisting and/or performing correlative X-ray microscopic characterization of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and mercury-methylation bacteria, ultimately expanding our understanding of complex biological systems