HAL Portal UPPA (University of Pau and the Pays de l'Adour)
Not a member yet
42255 research outputs found
Sort by
Antibiotic resistance and antibiotic use in companion animal veterinary medicine: A qualitative study in Southwestern France
No full textSource Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/614719/)International audienceAntibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major global health threat and its connection to antibiotic use (ABU) in animals has been less explored in companion animals compared to food animals. To better understand how French companion animal veterinarians perceive ABR and reduce ABU, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 veterinarians (20 practitioners in Southwestern France and 3 institutional officials). Participants noted substantial progress in ABR awareness over the past two decades, despite the low incidence of ABR cases in routine non-referral companion animal care. They considered veterinarians had significantly reduced ABU, driven by concerns over prescription/sale decoupling and efforts such as awareness campaigns, regulations, and best practice guidelines. Personal factors, including values, life experiences, interest in alternative medicine, career paths, and practical experience, also played an important role. However, certain best practices remain inconsistent, particularly antimicrobial susceptibility testing and avoiding peri/post-operative ABU or first-intention cefovecin use in cats. Several factors were widely agreed upon as influencing ABU, including type of pathology, geographic location, veterinary peer influence, and client factors (particularly compliance and financial capacities). Yet, perceptions diverged regarding the impact of pharmaceutical inspections by health authorities, generational differences among practitioners, work pressure, and the corporatization of veterinary practices. While progress has been made, companion animal veterinarians recognized there is still room for ABU improvement. Looking ahead, they called for health authorities to trust veterinarians' clinical judgment, balance required efforts between veterinary and human medicine, avoid punitive actions or unnecessary restrictions, and focus on sensitization (awareness-increasing) through accessible, evidence-based, and context-dependent recommendations
Multiple independent acquisitions of a metallophore-synthesis gene by plants through horizontal microbial gene transfer
No full textInternational audienceThe evolution of land plants is marked by major innovations enhancing their vegetative and reproductive fitness. Despite their extensive adaptations to terrestrial habitats, plants rely on ecological interactions with microbes for various physiological processes. Beyond their role as critical partners in the conquest of, and diversification on land, fungi and bacteria also serve as sources of genetic tools. Analyses of the gene space of land plant model organisms suggest that such transfers are unique and ancient. However here, using genomic data spanning the diversity of mosses, we demonstrate that a metallophore-synthesis gene was acquired independently from distinct microbial donors by at least five plant lineages. Furthermore we find that the first NAS gene acquired by mosses was later replaced by another fungal copy, transferred to another major moss lineage. Such a complex history of acquisition of a gene may reflect a more general pattern of highly dynamic gene exchange across the tree of life
Le principe de non rétroactivité de la loi pénale vaut aussi pour les étrangers
No full textN° 44Bulletin d’information électronique trimestrie
Faites entrer l'accusé... présidentiel: Kirchner et Bolsonaro face à la justice
No full textN° 44Bulletin d'information électronique trimestrie
A small catastrophe: Theatre as a transitory place in Lippy (2013) by Bush Moukarzel and Mark O’Halloran
No full textInternational audienc
Stochastic pseudomonotone parabolic obstacle problem: well-posedness & Lewy-Stampacchia’s inequalities
No full textInternational audienceWe consider obstacle problems for nonlinear stochastic evolution equations. More precisely, the leading operator in our equation is a nonlinear, second order pseudomonotone operator of Leray-Lions type. The multiplicative noise term is given by a stochastic integral with respect to a Q-Wiener process. We show well-posedness of the associated initial value problem for random initial data on a bounded domain with a homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. First, we consider a singular perturbation of our problem by a higher order operator. Through the a priori estimates for the approximate solutions of the singular perturbation, only weak convergence is obtained. This convergence is not compatible with the nonlinearities in the equation. Therefore we use the theorems of Prokhorov and Skorokhod to establish existence of martingale solutions. Then, path-wise uniqueness follows from a L1-contraction principle and we may apply the method of Gyöngy-Krylov to obtain stochastically strong solutions. These well-posedness results serve as a basis for the study of variational inequalities and Lewy-Stampacchia's inequalities for our problem.</div
Drivers and Barriers to the Adoption of Circular Business Models in Small‐ and Medium‐Sized Enterprises: A Comparison Study Between Developed and Developing Economies: The circular economy has become a central concept for driving environmental and social transitions in both developed and developing economies. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as the majority of businesses worldwide, are essential actors in this transformation. Yet, there is still limited empirical research on the drivers and barriers that SMEs face when adopting circular economy practices and circular business models (CBMs). To address this gap, this study provides a comparative analysis of SMEs in France and Serbia, two distinct European contexts with different institutional environments. Drawing on institutional theory, our findings show that SMEs in both countries engage with the circular economy primarily for personal entrepreneurial reasons. However, significant differences emerge: French SMEs usually identify a specific need and then rely on governmental and regional support to implement CBMs, while Serbian SMEs are more strongly driven by market demand but face limited institutional financial support. Furthermore, French SMEs highlight the lack of sectoral development and market creation as key barriers, whereas Serbian SMEs emphasize institutional weaknesses. These results contribute to the literature on the circular economy by showing how institutional contexts shape SME adoption of CBMs, while also offering policy insights to support sustainable entrepreneurship.
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT: Circular business models have become a crucial process in the environmental and social transition of developed and developing economies. Although small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises represent the majority of businesses globally and play a significant role in the economy, there remains a lack of empirical research on the drivers and barriers that they face when adopting circular business models. To address this gap, we conducted an empirical study with firms from France and Serbia, identifying similarities and differences between the two prototype contexts. Drawing on the institutional theory perspective, our research, inter alia, shows that firms from both economies adopt circular business models primarily for personal entrepreneurial reasons. However, although French firms first identify a specific need and then require governmental and regional support to materialize their circular business models, Serbian firms are more driven by market demand and face a lack of institutional financial support. Furthermore, the development of a specific sector and a new market constitutes the main barriers among French firms, whereas their Serbian counterparts face a lack of qualified employees and inadequate waste collection and public infrastructures
Incorporating the vertical velocity in a coupled Lagrangian–Eulerian approach for particle transport in shallow flows
No full textInternational audienceThis work presents a method to incorporate vertical velocity into a two-dimensional depth-averaged Shallow Water Equation (2DH SWE) model, thereby improving the calculation of particle trajectories in a Lagrangian Particle Tracking (LPT) framework. The resulting formulation couples Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches. The vertical velocity is also used to modify the dispersion terms in the LPT model. The proposed approximation is first validated-without particle transport-by comparison with Hyperbolic-Elliptic and Hyperbolic-Relaxed Non-Hydrostatic Pressure (NHP) models. The differences between models are minor, confirming the suitability of the vertical velocity approximation for shallow flow problems. Subsequently, the method is applied to particle transport scenarios, demonstrating that including vertical velocity yields more realistic particle trajectories in complex flow situations.</div
Clove as a Versatile Resource: CuO Nanoparticles and Their Catalytic Role in Eugenol-Based Triazole Synthesis
No full textInternational audienceAs eco-friendly processes become central to modern organic synthesis, plant-based materials are emerging as attractive alternatives for both nanoparticle fabrication and catalysis. In this study, we explore the use of clove extract, a natural and renewable resource, for the green synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles and their subsequent application in organic transformations. Clove extract was employed to reduce copper chloride via a simple co-precipitation method under mild conditions, yielding CuO nanoparticles characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX techniques. These nanoparticles were then used as catalysts in the copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) to afford eugenol-based 1,2,3-triazoles in excellent yields. This dual use of clove extract exemplifies a sustainable approach that merges natural product valorization with efficient catalysis for triazole synthesis
Time-Frequency Analysis and Deep CNN-Based Fault Diagnosis for Rotating Machinery Under Variable Operating Conditions
No full textInternational audienceFault diagnosis in rotating machinery is essential for ensuring the reliability and operational efficiency of industrial systems. As machinery systems become increasingly complex, effective fault diagnosis becomes challenging. Data-driven approaches have gained prominence because of their ability to handle large datasets. However, traditional machine learning methods often rely on manual feature extraction, which is timeconsuming and less adaptable to varying fault conditions than deep learning methods. This study proposes an automated and robust fault diagnosis system capable of accurately detecting complex machinery faults, including combined faults under variable operating conditions. The framework transforms machinery vibration signals into 2D time-frequency representations (TFRs) using continuous wavelet transform (CWT), preserving critical temporal and spectral fault signatures, which are then processed through a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for automated feature learning and pattern recognition. Experimental validation using the Machinery Fault Simulator at the Complex Systems and Interactions (CSI) laboratory demonstrated the high accuracy of the CNN model in challenging scenarios involving variable operations and complex combined faults