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Quelques empoignades avec les classiques (ou ce qu'il faudrait faire du 17e, selon divers auteurs contemporains)
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Coupling high resolution meteorological models with neural networks for flash flood forecasting: implementation on a Southern France basin
No full textInternational audienceFlash floods are an important hazard that particularly affects the Mediterranean region. Flood forecasting using simulation tools adapted to this context is therefore a crucial issue. In exposed regions, the difficulty of measuring and forecasting the spatial variability and intensity of rainfall, as well as the difficulty of identifying processes at the necessary time and space scales, has often led to the use of highly conceptual - or even statistical - models that make few assumptions about hydrological processes. Among these, neural networks have proven their relevance for flash flood forecasting. However, without hydrometeorological coupling, flow forecasting is often limited to the response time of the basin, i.e. a few hours in general. The purpose is to find a way of increasing this lead time, which is often too short for crisis management.A flood forecasting model for the Gardon de Mialet basin (Southern France) is being developed as part of the HydIA joint laboratory funded by the ANR (French National Research Agency) and the Synapse company, with the aim of developing a range of hydrometeorological forecasting services based on artificial intelligence approaches. The use of gridded observed data, like in a meteorological model, has enabled the neural network model implemented (Multilayer Perceptron) to reduce its sensitivity to support change.In the absence of rainfall forecasts, performance decreases with the lead time. With perfect forecasts (observed data used as future data), performance remains high for lead times up to 24h. The model has been coupled with two high resolution weather models, AROME and ARPEGE (2.5km and 10km respectively), implemented by Météo-France for short-range numerical weather prediction. The use of forecasts from these meteorological models for the 49 events in the database enables us to identify the error generated by the hydrological model and that generated by the meteorological model, in comparison with perfect forecasts. Analysis of these errors opens operational perspectives for crisis management. It also makes it possible to improve model training based on perfectible forecast data, and to correct rainfall forecasting biases to achieve higher performance
Le sommet qui cache la montagne ou sur les pas des scientifiques du XVIIIe siècle pour reconstituer la découverte du mont Buet dans le massif du Giffre
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Interroger les liens entre dynamiques territoriales et apprentissages. L’exemple de l’équipe DyTAEp du pôle pilote AMPIRIC
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Towards Early Prediction of Self-Supervised Speech Model Performance
No full textInternational audienceIn Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), pre-training and evaluation are resource intensive. In the speech domain, current indicators of the quality of SSL models during pre-training, such as the loss, do not correlate well with downstream performance. Consequently, it is often difficult to gauge the final downstream performance in a cost efficient manner during pre-training. In this work, we propose unsupervised efficient methods that give insights into the pre-training quality of SSL speech models, namely, measuring the cluster quality and rank of the embeddings produced by the SSL model. Results show that measures of cluster quality and rank correlate better with downstream performance than the pre-training loss, reducing the need for GPU hours and labeled data in SSL model evaluation
Halichondria panicea (Porifera, Demospongiae) Reparative Regeneration: An Integrative Approach to Better Understand Wound Healing
No full textInternational audienceSponges have a remarkable capacity to rapidly regenerate in response to injury. In addition, sponges rapidly renew their aquiferous system to maintain a healthy. This study describes the reparative regeneration in the cold‐water demosponge Halichondria panicea . The wide range of methods allow us to make a comprehensive analysis of mechanisms, which contribute to the regeneration in this species, including morphogenetic process, cell proliferation, apoptosis and cytotoxicity. The regeneration in H. panicea includes three main stages: internal milieu isolation, wound healing ‐ epithelization, and restoration of damaged structures. The main morphogenetical mechanisms of regeneration are epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition during the first 12 h post operation (hpo) followed by blastema formation and mesenchymal‐to‐epithelial transformation leading to the restoration of damaged structures. These processes can be explained by active cell dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, participation of resident pluripotent cells (archaeocyte‐like cells and choanocytes), by migration of pluripotent cells (archaeocyte‐like cells), and by activation of proliferation and apoptosis. The rate of apoptosis becomes homogeneous in regeneration area and in intact tissues at 12 hpo at a significantly higher rate than at 0 hpo. The reduction of sponge toxicity at 6 hpo looks like a necessary step for activation of repair processes. However, after 24 hpo, the toxicity exceeded the initial (0 hpo) level. At 96 hpo, the aquiferous system is completely restored. The ability for rapid wound epithelialization, as well as the morphological and functional restoration of damaged tissues, can be considered as a form of sponge's adaptation to extreme conditions in cold shallow water, acquired in the course of evolution
Ethnoecology of desert truffles hunting: A cross-cultural comparative study on practices and perceptions in the Mediterranean and the Near East
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Enseigner les arts plastiques. Dimensions ergonomiques et didactiques du métier.
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Design and synthesis of novel thioether analogs as promising antiviral agents: In vitro activity against enteroviruses of interest
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Jeunesse et vieillesse au théâtre
No full textLe présent numéro de "Théâtres du Monde", fidèle à l'esprit qui inspire la revue depuis 35 ans, explore cette fois-ci la thématique "Jeunesse et vieillesse au théâtre", respectant autant que possible une pluralité d'aires linguistiques appartenant à des scènes théâtrales variées à travers les siècles