Riviste Online SApienza - R.O.SA - 2 (Sapienza University of Rome)
Not a member yet
1407 research outputs found
Sort by
Does international student mobility lead to more emigration? An empirical study of the expatriation intentions of students at the University of Udine
No full textThe recent increase in emigration of young Italian university graduates represents a significant challenge for the country\u27s economy, reflecting a global phenomenon of academic and professional mobility. This paper focuses on the University of Udine in order to understand the emigration intentions of attending students who were about to complete a Bachelor’s degree. Through analysing a sample of more than ten thousand questionnaires completed between 2018 and 2022 by Bachelor’s degree candidates, we investigated their international mobility intentions and factors contributing to the decision to seek opportunities abroad. Using a logit model, it was possible to highlight the significant impact of previous international mobility experiences during university studies, such as those related to the Erasmus programme. This study confirms that international student mobility may lead to more emigration, bolstering the conclusions of a previous report by AlmaLaurea, an Italian consortium linking universities, graduates and companies
Reliability of various soil characteristics relationships for Kirkuk soil using consistent undisturbed field soils samples with linear regression models
No full textDue to the new construction and development of massive geotechnical superstructures, as well as a limited budget and time frame, it is critical to assess the reliability of numerous correlations between different soil characteristics. Various field soil data from 40 boreholes across Kirkuk City (Iraq) were obtained and they include water content (w%), liquid and plastic limits (LL and PL), plasticity and liquidity indices (PI and LI), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), wet and dry densities (γt and γd), and consolidation characteristics (initial void ratio “eo”, compression index “Cc” and recompression index “Cr”). Field correlations with linear regression models were used to examine the reliability of relationships between different soil characteristics. The acquired soil data were evaluated using distinctive previous published models. It was demonstrated that the PI and LI are correlated positively whereas the w% and γd are correlated negatively and their degree of correlations are 0.878 and -0.573 respectively. It was proved that positive linear regression models can be obtained for the relations between the values of the LL, PL, PI, LI, and γt with the increase of the water content. Finally, it is demonstrated that the soils of Kirkuk City (Iraq) have Cc values less than the prediction of the previous models
Application of topsis model based on game theory to reservoir water quality evaluation
No full textIn view of the shortcomings of the single weighting method, the game theory method was adopted to optimize the combination of the subjective weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and the objective weight determined by the entropy weight method. The technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) evaluation model based on the combination weighting of the AHP-entropy weight method-game theory was constructed for evaluating the water quality of Mopanshan Reservoir. The result obtained by the TOPSIS evaluation model was compared with the evaluation result of the grey relational model. The evaluation results showed that the water quality of Mopanshan Reservoir during the sampling period was Class I and II. The main factors affecting water quality were NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen) and pH value. The game theory-based combination weighting TOPSIS model proposed in this paper fully considers the effective information among various indicators, reduces the subjective arbitrariness of weighting, makes indicator weighting more scientific, and obtains more reasonable water quality evaluation results. It is worthy of application in similar water quality evaluation problems
Analysis and modelling of the September 2022 flooding event in the Misa Basin
No full textNatural hazard is recognized to be a threat to human society that is becoming more critical under the perspective of climate change. Italy is one of the most exposed European countries to hydrogeomorphological hazard, as proven by the annual casualties and economic losses. Among the most recent events, the one happened in the Misa river catchment in 2022 is of particular interest for the great amount of rainfall poured in just one night, which led to extensive erosion. The mountainous part of the catchment was hit by several landslides, and the resulting sediments and debris, transported downstream by rivers, increased the amount of damages. This event was interpreted as directly caused by climate change, as it was linked to a tropical storm not common at this latitude. This work proposes an analysis of this exceptional event from a hydrological point of view. The 2022 event was compared with other relevant events from the past, in order to evaluate the peak discharge, the sediment erosion and transport processes in the area for different scenarios. The analysis included the modelling at catchment scale with two physically-based models: SWAT, which provides results on channel processes, and SMART-SED, working at the catchment scale. The two scales of analysis, together with field surveys, gave a better understanding of the evolution of the shallow processes during the events. Finally, this work intends to highlight the relevance of hydrological modelling for the management of hazard in different scenarios at catchment scale
Investigations using CSIRO HI Triaxial Cells for measuring the stress states of rock masses subject to mining extraction: numerical modelling of in-situ extracted core samples
No full textThe measurement of the stress state of rock, carried out insitu using the overcoring CSIRO HI Cell technique, provides valuable information about the rock mass geo-structural and stress conditions. This is particularly useful for calibrating the numerical model of natural slopes and excavations fronts and for assessing their static conditions. Thus, it allows to improve workplace safety conditions in both open-pit and underground quarries. During an in-situ CSIRO test, the stress release strains are measured by 12 strain gauges differently oriented in the space and the stress tensor and the material elastic parameters are then computed. The classic interpretative procedure of stress release test refers to analytical formulations that assume an extracted sample of regular cylindrical shape. However, during overcoring, it may happen that a discontinuity is intercepted, causing the extracted core to break and to assume an irregular shape. To address this challenge, in this work, a Finite Element numerical simulation of stress release was conducted basing on a 3D digital model of the irregular sample resulting from a Photogrammetric Survey. This allowed for the computation of the stress tensor for both irregularly shaped and ideal cylindrical samples. The research proceeded as it follows: i) three-dimensional modelling of the irregularly shaped core using Photogrammetric Techniques and Mesh Editing, which enabled the accurate representation of complex geometries; ii) numerical Modelling of the irregularly shaped core containing the CSIRO HI Cell through Finite Element Analysis, providing insights about stress and deformation distributions; iii) stress State of the rock calculation using a Multiple Linear Regression Procedure by using the coefficient matrix as determined by the core numerical modelling. The implementation of this procedure may facilitate the determination of stress state for irregularly shaped cores, and it enhances to understand how shape and rock elastic properties may influence the stress release behaviour. This comprehensive approach could allow to address challenges associated to stress assessment for irregular shaped rock cores and to improve the accuracy and applicability of geotechnical engineering methods
Integrated analysis of triggering and runout susceptibility to landslide-induced debris flows in Alpine catchments
No full textIn the last decades the Valtellina valley (northern Italy) has suffered from several catastrophic rainfall-induced shallow landslide events inducing debris flows. The growing of urban settlements has driven population to colonize areas at risk, where prediction and prevention actions are nowadays a challenge for geoscientists. Debris flows are widespread in mountain areas because occurring along steep slopes covered by loose regolith or soil coverings. Under such conditions, heavy rainfall events might cause slope instabilities due to the increase in pore water pressure depending on hydraulic and geotechnical properties as well as thicknesses of soil covers. Despite the initial small volumes, debris flows hazard is significant due to the sediment entrainment and volume increase of the involved material, high velocity and runout distance. In such a framework, predicting timing and position of slope instabilities as well as paths, volumes, and velocity of potential debris flows is of great significance to assess areas at risk and to settle appropriate countermeasures. In this work, back analyses of debris flows occurred in representative sites of the Valtellina valley were carried out with the aim of understanding their features and providing a methodological basis for slope to valley scale susceptibility mapping. Numerical modeling of slope stability and runout was completed allowing the identification of the detachment, transport, and deposition zones of previously occurred landslides, including other potentially unstable ones. Results from this study emphasize issues in performing distributed numerical modeling depending on the availability of spatially distributed soil properties which hamper the quality of physicsbased models. In the framework of hazard mapping and risk strategy assessments, the approach presented can be used to evaluate the possible runout phase of new potential debris flows recognized by geomorphological evidence and numerical modeling. Furthermore, analyses aimed to the probabilistic assessment of landslide spatial distribution, related to a specific value of rainfall threshold, can be considered as potentially applicable to multi-scale landslide hazard mapping and extendable to other similar mountainous frameworks
Some Neuroptera of the Horn of Africa from the Museum of Zoology of the University of Rome “La Sapienza” (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae, Mantispidae, Ascalaphidae, Myrmeleontidae)
Get PDFThe study of Neuroptera from the Horn of Africa preserved in collections of the Museum of Zoology of the University of Rome “La Sapienza” and those collected several years ago by the late entomologist Prof. A. Vigna Taglianti (Rome), contributes to increasing our knowledge of the neuropterological fauna for this part of East Africa. We give a description of the female of Apertochrysa eurydera (Navás, 1910) and a comparison between the male of Stenares completus Banks, 1915 (of which only the female was known) and that of S. irroratus Navás, 1912 (based on a specimen preserved in the Museum of Zoology of the University of Florence)
Cybaeodes gardinii, a new species of the genus Cybaeodes Simon, 1878 from Sardinia, Italy (Araneae: Liocranidae)
Get PDFFour species of the genus Cybaeodes Simon, 1878 are currently known from Italy: C. marinae Di Franco, 1989, widespread in peninsular and insular Italy; C. avolensis Platnick & Di Franco, 1992 from E Sicily; C. molara (Roewer, 1960) from NW Sicily; and C. sardus Platnick & Di Franco, 1992 from central Sardinia. A fifth species is described here, Cybaeodes gardinii sp. nov. from SW Sardinia (South Sardinia province, Iglesias, Marganai)
Dominance and affection: purebred dogs and humans in dog-centric areas
No full textThis article contributes to animal geographies through a specific analysis of human-animal relations. It explores the intricate relationship of dominance and affection between humans and purebred dogs. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in dog areas, the article examines how humans construct social representations out of their dogs in these restricted, self-regulated spaces. After presenting a critical reading of the production of purebred dogs, I discuss humans’ representations of their dogs, often seen as extensions of their personality. This relationship, within dog areas, manifests itself in the discourses that circulate, where the dog is often anthropomorphised and used to reinforce gender stereotypes rooted in common sense. For example, female dogs are often described as jealous and dogs as “Latin lovers”. In this context, affection makes people desire the dog as a mirror of their personality, a social facilitator, or a protective figure. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted nature of the human-animal relationship and the nature-culture dichotomy, with particular attention given to their implications in urban spaces beyond the majority of research conducted in animal geography which usually focuses on case studies located in the UK or US
Impero, nazione e mascolinità nel primo Novecento. Il caso del dominio spagnolo in Marocco
Get PDFThis article analyzes the relationship between empire, nation and masculinity in the case of Spanish imperialism in Morocco in the first thirty years of the twentieth century. The author aims to demonstrate how masculinity played a very important role in the nation-building process in the context of Spanish imperialism in Morocco. The article analyzes male representation of the imperialnation in the most reactionary sectors of imperialism in Morocco, as well as in the liberal and republican circles, investigating how in this context the Spanish imperial nation was represented through masculinity