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UNIPDES - An internet-based transdiagnostic intervention for college students’ psychological symptoms: Evaluation of its development, usability and effectiveness: Study protocol
No full textUniversity students often face significant mental health challenges, including depression, anxiety, and difficulties in adjustment, which can be exaggerated by the demands of independent living and increased life responsibilities. These challenges are often compounded by barriers to seeking help, such as stigma and limited access to university resources, which can further deteriorate students' well-being. This protocol was created to assist college students in overcoming these obstacles and to assess, in comparison to a control group, the impact of a guided and unguided online intervention platform based on transdiagnostic CBT (UNIPDES) on depression, anxiety, and adjustment levels. The calculated sample size for the study will include 330 students, and the participants will be selected from five different universities located in Türkiye. Participants will be randomly assigned to either guided, unguided, or control groups. Guided and unguided group participants will receive six weeks of intervention, and the waitlist control group will receive the unguided version of the program after twelve weeks of randomization. Assessments will take place at baseline, post-test (8 weeks post-baseline) and follow-up (12 weeks post-baseline). A Mixed ANOVA will be employed to analyze the data, with Group (Guided, Unguided, Control) as the between-subjects factor and Time (Baseline, Post-Test, Follow-Up) as the within-subjects factor, as well as to assess the interaction effect between Group and Time on the primary outcomes—changes in depression, anxiety, and adjustment levels. Additionally, students’ reasons for dropout will be assessed qualitatively. The results from this study can build evidence for the effectiveness of transdiagnostic guided and unguided internet-based intervention for treating depression, anxiety, and adjustment problems of students. UNIPDES can provide a flexible, easy-to-access, and cost-effective treatment for the problems that students commonly face. Trial registration is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System (Trial number: NCT06245200)
Timbre of the place: A Deleuzoguattarian inquiry to assemble music and place
No full textThis study explores the potentials of affects and music in terms of Deleuzoguattarian assemblage thinking. It adopts music as an emancipatory medium to comprehend the post-representative emergences and the togetherness of affective relationalities in place experiences. The study presents an experiential inquiry of composing the musical pieces of two contrasting places and deciphering the spatial stimuli of two contrasting musical pieces. The findings suggest that music, with its rich relational and affective qualities, can significantly contribute to the understanding of places as it transcends the traditional representational mediums, allowing for a deeper appreciation of urban environments’ complexities and self-organizing nature
Thermohydraulic performance assessment of new alternative methods for anti-icing application against current application in an aircraft
No full textIn this study, anti-icing problems, which are mostly industrial problems in aerospace companies, have been numerically investigated. Herein, to enhance anti-icing performance of NACA0015, different jet-to-surface distances (H/d), jet angles (α), and slot jet designs with different aspect ratios (ARs) have also been investigated. ANSYS Fluent 2020R2 commercial program has been utilized for all numerical calculations. In addition, the SST k-ω with low-Re correction wall treatment turbulence model has been used for solving turbulence equation. Furthermore, the average Nusselt number (Nu) on the NACA0015's surface, pressure drop, and performance evaluation criteria (PEC) which define the anti-icing performance of novel proposed system have been presented section by section. As a result of the investigation, it has been obtained that the use of AR = 4 increases the Nu by 85.52% compared to circular jet for the H/d = 4 at α = 90°. The pressure drop value dramatically increases using AR = 4 around 307.85% compared to circular jet for H/d = 4 at α = 90°. Despite this drastic increment in pressure drop, the PEC value is kept as 1.14 using AR = 4, H/d = 4, and α = 90°. Finally, empirical correlations developed from existing findings have been presented with an error rate of lower than 5%
Anxiety and depression in relation to anxious driving and driver behaviors: the moderating role of traffic climate
No full textThis study aims to explore for the first time how anxiety and depression as mental health indicators, and traffic climate are related to driver behaviors and anxious driving. In more detail, based on the importance of understanding the interplay between psychopathology and perceptions within the dynamic traffic context, this research examines the moderating role of the traffic climate on the relationship between mental health and aberrant or anxious driving. A total of 247 drivers actively driving in Turkey participated in this study. The participants were recruited to complete various measures, such as the Demographic Information Form, Traffic Climate Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Driver Behavior Survey and Driver Behavior Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses revealed significant associations, revealing a substantial relationship between anxiety and driving behaviors, although the role of depression remains ambiguous and requires further exploration. Moreover, moderation analyses revealed that traffic climate factors, including functionality and external affective demands, moderate the relationship between anxiety and driving behaviors. Thus, anxiety was strongly linked to errors and violations when drivers perceived the traffic context as stronger in terms of functionality and external affective demands. In contrast, the contribution of depression to the moderation models was insignificant. The findings could promote intervention strategies such as training programs tailored for mentally disadvantaged drivers, which could lead to the acquisition of coping strategies relevant to the traffic context, contributing to both their well-being and road safety in general
Global trends and regime state shifts of lacustrine aquatic vegetation
No full textAquatic vegetation (AV) is vital for maintaining the health of lake ecosystems, with submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) and floating/emergent aquatic vegetation (FEAV) representing clear and shaded states, respectively. However, global SAV and FEAV dynamics are poorly understood due to data scarcity. To address this gap, we developed an innovative AV mapping algorithm and workflow using satellite imagery (1.4 million Landsat images) from 1989 to 2021 and created a global database of AV across 5,587 shallow lakes. Our findings suggest that AV covers 108,186 km2 on average globally, accounting for 28.9% (FEAV, 15.8%; SAV, 13.1%) of the total lake area. Over two decades, we observed a notable transition: SAV decreased by 30.4%, while FEAV increased by 15.6%, leading to a substantial net loss of AV. This global trend indicates a shift from clear to shaded conditions, increasingly progressing toward turbid states dominated by phytoplankton. We found that human-induced eutrophication was the primary driver of change until the early 2010s, after which global warming and rising lake temperatures became the dominant drivers. These trends serve as a warning sign of deteriorating lake health worldwide. With future climate warming and intensified eutrophication, these ongoing trends pose a significant risk of disrupting lake ecosystems
Determination of Optimal Fleet Equipment to Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions in an Open Pit Coal Mine
No full textCoal mining has a crucial role in electricity generation as one of the essential cornerstones of sustainable development. The environmental impacts dominated by the fuel consumption of mobile equipment in both surface and underground coal-mining activities are considered as one of the most demanding operations. This study investigates the environmental burden of haulage operations focusing on greenhouse emissions originated from the fossil fuel consumption of trucks. The impact of traffic-related blockage of haul trucks for a coal mine is analyzed by developing simulation models that provided locations of comparably greater fuel consumption due to idle time, blockage, and other inefficiencies. As a countermeasure against increased fuel consumption, mine plans were revised aiming to solve traffic issues. The potential improvement is investigated by building new simulation models to determine the required number of trucks to meet the planned future production. The environmental impacts of haul trucks were studied by accounting the change in fuel consumption on different road conditions. It was proven that the new mine plan and road network helped to solve the traffic issue by increasing the production rate and mitigate 41.8% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
Composite Solutions to a Liquid Bilayer Model
No full textThis article continues the research initiated in (Jachalski et al. in SIAP 73(3):1183–1202, 2013). We derive explicit formulae for the leading order profiles of eleven types of stationary solutions to a one-dimensional two-layer thin-film liquid model considered with an intermolecular potential depending on both layer heights. The found solutions are composed of the repeated elementary blocks (bulk, contact line and ultra-thin-film ones) being consistently asymptotically matched together. We show that once considered on a finite interval with Neumann boundary conditions these stationary solutions are either dynamically stable or weakly translationally unstable. Other composite solutions are found to be numerically unstable and rather exhibit complex coarsening dynamics
The Roles of Intrusive Visual Imagery and Verbal Thoughts in Pre-Sleep Arousal of Patients with Insomnia Disorder: A Path Model
No full textPurpose: Researchers have proposed that multiple factors such as hyperarousal, conditioning, worrying, or cortical arousal play roles in the predisposition to, initiation, and perpetuation of insomnia disorder. Previously, only a few studies investigated the differential effects of intrusive visual imagery (IVI) and intrusive verbal thoughts (IVT) on pre-sleep arousal or insomnia severity. The aim of the current cross-sectional study was to examine these effects as well as the moderator role of visual imagery ability (VIA) on the relationship between IVI and pre-sleep arousal. Methods: A path model comprising the variables of IVI, IVT, pre-sleep arousal, and insomnia severity was tested with 166 of 1444 participants (M age = 25.5, SD = 5.26) who were identified as having insomnia disorder based on a 12-question form corresponding to DSM-5 criteria for insomnia disorder and Insomnia Severity Index scores (≥ 8). The moderator role of VIA on the relationship between IVI and pre-sleep arousal was evaluated with a moderation analysis. Results: It was found that IVI (β = 0.44, p <.001), but not IVT (β = 0.15, p =.12), significantly predicted pre-sleep arousal and pre-sleep arousal (β = 0.44, p <.001) significantly predicted insomnia severity. In addition, the indirect effect of IVI via pre-sleep arousal (IE = 0.19, p <.001) on insomnia severity was significant. Finally, the moderator role of VIA on the relationship between IVI and pre-sleep arousal (p =.07) was not significant. Conclusions: IVI may play a more important role in insomnia disorder than IVT. Interventions targeting pre-sleep visual imagery can help poor sleepers alleviate insomnia severity
Construction site hazard recognition via mobile immersive virtual reality and eye tracking
No full textThe perilousness of construction sites is well-known. The need for competent safety management is apparent as well. Although hazard recognition is crucial for safety management, studies show an alarmingly high portion of hazards are unrecognized in construction sites. This situation indicates that better methods are required to understand the process of hazard recognition more profoundly and to measure the hazard recognition skills of construction professionals. This paper deploys mobile immersive virtual reality, eye tracking, and real-time development platforms for hazard recognition research. The presented system, namely SafeGaze, offers a mobile, flexible, easy-to-use, and high-fidelity solution that is capable of gathering varied and precise data about the hazard recognition skills of construction professionals. The aimed contributions are providing an explicit framework for gathering and analyzing hazard recognition data, introducing mobile immersive virtual reality to the domain, and providing graphical optimization methods for the utilization of standalone head mounted displays in construction sites