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Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phases on Selected Fitness Variable: In Case of Female Volleyball Players of Azazo Dimaza High School, Gondar City, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: An Analytical Approach
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of menstrual cycle phases on strength and explosive power performance in female volleyball players at Azezo Dimaza secondary school. The study was used longitudinal research type and prospective design. According to the inclusion criteria 25 female volleyball players were selected from grade nine students purposively. The data was collected using three performance tests at different time point. These tests were pushes up, sit ups and standing long jump. Participants were exposed for three separate occasions during each menstrual cycle phases, consisting of two familiarization sessions and one actual test for each performance measurements. Then mean and standard deviation were computed and data were reported as mean ± SD. As well as, Repeated Measure ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test at p < 0.05 were used. In the present study, the subject’s menstrual cycle was 28.32 ± 1.69 days, their average age, height, weight and BMI was 15.76 ± 1.25yrs, 1.64 ± .049 m, 47.72 ± 5.07kg and 17.73 ± 1.98 kg/m2. The pushup test mean scores during the follicular phase, menstrual phase and luteal phase were statistically significantly different (F (1.063, 25.501) = 4.780, p < 0.05). Likewise, the sit up and standing long jump tests mean scores for during follicular phase, menstrual phase and luteal phase were statistically significantly different (F (1.433, 34.386) = 5.651, p < 0.05) and (F (1.991, 47.779) = 17.947, p = 0.00) in that order
The Association of MECA Gene Polymorphism and Drug Resistance Pattern of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Keha and Shinta Rivers of Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia
Get PDFAssociated with nosocomial and community-acquired infections, Staphylococcus aureus is a potentially hazardous human bacterium that is alarmingly developing drug resistance. The current study's objective was to assess the association of mecA gene polymorphism and drug resistance pattern of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Keha and Shinta rivers of Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. A purposive sampling technique was used to collect 10 water samples from different sites of the two rivers. Isolation of S. aureus was conducted following standard morphological and biochemical method and subjected to susceptibility testing to 8 antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected by using the standard PCR method using specific pair of primers. The genomic DNA of the isolates was isolated using a DNA Extraction Kit (GenElutetm., USA). Amplification of mecA gene was done by PCR using a specific primer for the mecA gene. The PCR products were visualized using agarose gelelectrophoresis with 1.5% gel. The results indicated that four (66.7%) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed to have 499 bp band size of mecA gene. S. aureus showed a wide range of resistances, with the highest levels observed for ampicillin (100%), penicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and tetracycline (66.7%). Instead, S. aureus had variable sensitivity to gentamycin (100%) and ciprofloxacin (100%) as well as vancomycin (66.7%). Four (4/6, 66.7 %) S. aureus isolates showed multiple antibiotic-resistant patterns (resistant to four or more antibiotics). The result of this finding concluded that S. aureus isolates with mecA gene developed more resistant to many antibiotics than with mecA negativeisolates. In addition, the present study confirmed that the treated wastewater mixed with the two rivers are potential sources of S. aureus and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections, this might be due to the poor wastewater treatment methods followed by several point sources in the study area. In conclusion, this study's findings suggest that the Keha and Shinta Rivers in Gondar Town may be potential receptacles for MRSA, which is capable of infecting both exposed humans and animals
Electrical Resistivity Sounding, Seismic Refraction and Magnetic Surveys for Characterization of a Building Site foundation at Bure campus of Debremarkos University, Ethiopia
No full textThis study aimed at evaluating the near-surface lithologies at the site selected for building the newly established Bure Campus of Debre Markose University. To characterize the foundation conditions, integrated geophysical surveys involving Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), seismic refraction, and magnetic methods were employed. The electrical survey results show the presence of a relatively high resistivity topsoil, a low resistivity clayey soil as a second layer underlain by an intermediate resistivity bed represented by highly to moderately weathered bedrocks with intermediate resistivity, a very conductive highly fractured basalt, and at the bottom highly resistive slightly weathered basalt. The seismic refraction survey mapped top, low-velocity layers corresponding to top dry soil and clayey soil, an intermediate velocity bedrock, and relatively dense, highly fractured basalt. Magnetic anomaly maps and sliced-stack sections delineate the contact between rocks affected by different degrees of weathering while analytical signal and tilt derivative maps have mapped the weak zones resulting from subsurface structures. The correlation of the magnetic anomaly maps, geo-electric sections, and seismic refraction models were used for determining the thickness of clayey soil, the depth to the bedrock, the morphology of competent rocks, areal coverage of relatively highly weathered and fractured rocks, and for the identification of weak zones at the site. Finally, the study showed that subsurface materials at the central portions of the study area would have lower bearing capacity for building foundations than the rest of the area based on the anomaly signature mapped by the three geophysical methods
δ-ideals in MS-Almost Distributive Lattices
No full textIn this paper, we introduce the concept of δ-ideals in MS-ADL analogous to that of MS-algebras and explore their properties. It is proved that the class of all δ-ideals forms a complete distributive lattice. We provided a set of equivalent conditions for a given ideal of an MS-ADL to be a δideal. Furthermore, the image and inverse image of δ-ideals were also studied under a homomorphism mapping
Fatty Acid Profiles of White Sesame Seeds from the Different Cultivation Areas of Ethiopia
No full textSesame is the second important export commodity of Ethiopia after coffee. The white sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) from the main production areas of Ethiopia have not been studied comprehensibly for their chemical compositions. Hence, this study aimed to assess the geographical origin variations in the fatty acids composition of white sesame seeds. For this, fifty three white sesame seed samples from the five major producing areas (Humera, Metema, West Armachiho, Wolkayiet, Tach Armachiho) were analyzed for their fatty acid compositions using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC MS). Nine different fatty acids were detected in all of the samples. The sesame seeds were rich in the essential fatty acids, linoleic acid and oleic acid, which were the most abundant fatty acids in the seeds with percentage compositions in the range 35.3‒48.3% and 29.8‒38.2%, respectively, across the different samples. These two fatty acids together accounted for 72.0‒78.8% of the total fatty acids in the samples, whereas 19.8‒22.0% was accounted jointly by palmitic acid and stearic acid while trace levels (all together 1.34‒2.32%) were palmitoleic acid, margaric acid, gadoleic acid, arachidic acid, and behenic acid. The seed oils showed high unsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratio in the range of 2.98‒3.70, which is high enough to satisfy most dietary guidelines. The oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio of the seed oils were in the range of 0.80–0.97, where the highest was found in seeds from Humera. Regarding the individual fatty acids, a significant variation (p < 0.05) among production areas was observed only for palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid, where the highest concentrations were found in seeds from Humera (14.9±1.5% palmitic acid and 0.25±0.04% palmitoleic acid)
The Determinants of smallholders wheat commercialization: The case of Gololcha district of Bale zone, Ethiopia
No full textEven though, agriculture plays a crucial role in Ethiopian economy, it suffers from low productivity and high man to land ratio. Food security and improved welfare of society was a main target of Ethiopian government. The Ethiopian government used commercialization of agriculture as a means of achieving food security and welfare of rural poor of countries. This study was aimed at analyzing determinants of smallholder wheat commercialization in Gololcha district of Bale zone. The objectives of the study aimed to identify the level of commercialization and analyze major determinants of the volume of wheat marketed/commercialized/ in the study area. The data were collected both from primary and secondary sources. The primary data sources for this study were collected from 146 producers and 40 traders. The descriptive was based on the level of commercialization of sample respondents and it showed that in 2016, 13.7% were subsistence, 56.2% were semi-commercial and 30.1% were commercial farmers during the survey period. The result of the multiple linear regressions indicates that among 14 variables, five variables had shown significant relationship with volume of wheat sold/commercialized/ in the study area. Accordingly, cash expenditure for farming, access to credit and total wheat produced were found to influence the volume of wheat sold/commercialized/ positively and significantly and education status and oxen owned had shown negative and significant relationship with volume of wheat sold/commercialized/. Therefore, emphasis has to be given on identifying new technology, advice on the use of modern agricultural inputs, a need for strengthening the existing credit institution and increasing their number, and there is a need for improvement of market and marketing system
The Effect of 12 Weeks Plyometric Training on Some Selected Physical Fitness Components of U-17 Female Volleyball Project Trainees In the Amhara Region
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of plyometric training on some selected physical fitness components; in the case of u-17 female volleyball project trainees in Debark town. For the current study, the true experimental design was employed, Trainees were comprehensibly selected and divided into two groups as experimental (n = 15) and the control group (n = 15) blindly. For both experimental and control groups technical and tactical volleyball training for three days, a week for forty minutes per training session was given. Additionally, only for experimental group participants plyometric training was provided for two days a week for forty minutes per training session during the entire training period (12 weeks). The plyometric training protocol was prepared by considering the FITT principle and adapted from Gjinovci et al.(2017)(see the protocol next to reference lists). Before and after the intervention of plyometric training, for both groups, vertical jump test, T-test, 30-second jump test, and modified star excursion test were conducted to measure power, agility, muscular endurance, and dynamic balance respectively. To determine the effect of the training descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation were made. Paired was carried out to compare the pretest and post-test mean differences of selected variables within the group. The results showed that a statistically significant difference was observed in vertical jump, agility, muscular endurance, and balance before and after intervention and between groups. On the contrary, there was no statistically significant difference in the control group in all variables (p>0.05). We conclude that after 12 weeks of interventions of plyometric training statistically significant differences were observed in power, agility, muscular endurance, and balance of the experimental group. For instance, the mean result of power was found MD = 5.25333, t = 15.761, and p =0. 000, for agility it was MD = -2.43, t = -13.93 and p = 0. 000 for muscular endurance, MD = 5.93, t = 11.04 and p = 0. 000 and on balance the results were LA and RA was MD = 5.10000, t = 5.979, and p = 0. 000 and MD = 6.01333, t = 7.667 p = 0.000 respectively
Satisfaction of maternal and pediatrics clinical service in Woldia General Hospital, North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.
No full textMaternal and pediatrics was the health and medical care of infants and children and pediatric means healer of children. Health care satisfaction was the emotional interaction between their expectation regarding ideal nursing care and perceptions of actual nursing care. The study assessed the satisfaction of maternal and pediatrics health care and identified the determinant factors affecting the satisfaction. The study was conducted in Woldia General Hospital in 2013E.C (2020/21). The study was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study carried out for three months (October to December 2020). In this study, all cases were confirmed by the sample of 330 childbirth women selected by simple random sampling and the data collected by questionnaire. The data was analyzed by chi-square and logistic regression using SPSS software. According to the results, 78.8% were unsatisfied and 21.2% were getting satisfaction indicating most of mothers were unsatisfied with service. From the outputs satisfaction of modern maternal pediatrics health care delivery in service total of 330 respondents’ equipment and satisfaction of respondents who responded their medium (41.4%) was more satisfied than those who equipment fulfills (30%) and low (28.6%) means most of the childbirth women’s whose equipment medium from the hospital were more satisfied by the maternal pediatrics health care in the hospital. In conclusion, unsatisfied maternal and pediatric health care happened due to employed health professionals’ lack of Punctuality and cleanliness were reasons according to logistic regression analysis. In addition, lack of Professional ethics from health professionals. Moreover, the study recommended that give attention about general hospitals maternity care like referral hospitals with even fill the equipment
Effects of Homogeneous-Heterogeneous Reactions in Flow of Electrical MHD Non-Newtonian Fluid with a Rotating Frame: An Analytical Approach: An Analytical Approach
No full textThis work provides an analytical method for the rotational flow of an electrical MHD Maxwell fluid that is limited by an elastic sheet that deforms linearly. Analysis of mass transfer is completed in the presence of HHR. The standard transformation is applied to translate the governing equations into similarity equations, which are then solved by the OHAM (optimal homotopy asymptotic technique). We have found that the OHAM technique works well, consistent, dependable, and efficient when it comes to solving highly nonlinear differential equations. For a certain range of Maxwell fluid parameters, concentration and velocity profiles are computed and explained. The rotation-strength parameter λ has a significant impact on the flow fields. The velocity curves are an oscillatory fading function of the dimensionless vertical distance for large values of λ. In the presence of an electric field, increasing the magnetic field first causes the velocity field to decrease, but eventually it starts to increase noticeably. As chemical reaction strengths increase, the concentration distribution at the sheet is observed to decrease. The current calculations are compared to those of previously published studies, and the results seem credible
The Employees’ Motivation and Organizational Performance: Evidence from Gondar City Public Service Organizations
No full textImproving organizational performance is the central concern of both public and private organizations across the globe. However, organizational performance is affected by numerous factors among, which employees’ motivation is one. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of employees’ motivation on organizational performance of public sectors organizations in Gondar. Employing quantitative research approach; specifically, descriptive and explanatory research designs, a total of 290(male=182 & female=108) public sector employees involved in the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysis was undertaken using statistical software. Specifically, Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation, Pearson Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression were used to analyze the data. Results show that employees’ involvement in decision making (r=.97, p<0.01), recognition (r=.97, p<0.01), work environment(r=.54, p<0.01), pay and incentives(r=.62, p<0.01) and career advancement(r=.73, p<0.01) have significant positive relationships with employees’ performance. Moreover, findings show that all explanatory variables significantly affect organizational performance in the study area. Specifically, 77% of the variation in organizational performance is explained by employees’ involvement in decision making, recognition, work environment, pay and incentives and career advancement. Findings also indicate that employees’ involvement in decision making has greater positive effect followed by pay/incentives and recognition. Finally, recommendations such as managers and leaders of the public sector organizations in the study area must create an atmosphere where employees feel satisfied and cooperative at work. And managers should ensure employees are involved in decision making processes and given a chance to air their views