Repositorio Institucional Universidad Finis Terrae
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El soft law en la estructura de las fuentes del Derecho Internacional: Análisis selectivo de las opiniones consultivas de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos
No full textMemoria (Licenciado en Ciencias Jurídicas)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 202
Ultrasound evaluation of a new surface reference line to describe sural nerve location and safe zones to consider in posterior leg approaches
No full textPurpose Several authors have described methods to predict the sural nerve pathway with non-proportional numerical distances, but none have proposed a person-proportional, reproducible method with anatomical references. The aim of this research is to describe ultrasonographically the distance and crossing zone between a surface reference line and the position of the sural nerve. Methods Descriptive cross-sectional study, performed between January and April 2022 in patients requiring foot surgery who met inclusion criteria. The sural nerve course in the posterior leg was located and marked using ultrasound. Landmarks were drawn with a straight line from the medial femoral condyle to the tip of the fbula. Four equal zones were established in the leg by subdividing the distal half of the line. This way, areas based on simple anatomical proportions for each patient were studied. The distance between the marking and the ultrasound nerve position was measured in these 4 zones, creating intersection points and safety areas. Location and distances from the sural nerve to the proposed landmarks were assessed. Results One- hundred and four lower limbs, 52 left and 52 right, assessed in 52 patients were included. The shortest median distance of the nerve passage was 2.9 mm from Point 2. The sural nerve intersection was 60/104 (57.7%) in Zone B, 21/104 (20.1%) in Zone C and 19/104 (18.3%) in Zone A. Safety zones were established. Average 80.5% of coincidence in sural nerve localization was found in the distal half of the leg, in relation to the surface reference line when comparing both legs of each patient. Conclusions This study proposes a simple, reproducible, non-invasive and, for the frst time, person-proportional method, that describes the distance and location of the main areas of intersection of the sural nerve with points and zones (risk and safe zones) determined by a line guided by superfcial anatomical landmarks. Its application when surgeons plan and perform posterior leg approaches will help to avoid iatrogenic nerve injuries. Level of evidence IV
Solo quiero dibujar. "Reencuentro y autoconocimiento"
No full textEnsayo Crítico (Licenciado en Artes Visuales, Mención Pintura)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 2022En el siguiente trabajo se verá el como ha sido el proceso de decantar y elegir intereses
además de la concientización del proceso de búsqueda creativa, el cual surge por la
necesidad de crear una obra sin pies forzados dados por profesores o externos, ya que, en
estos momentos todo depende de mí. Gracias a este proceso de introspección surgen ideas
para la generación de obras que derivan de mi pasado, como la utilización del dibujo en
conjunto al interés por el cuerpo y su forma de comunicarse sin palabras, lo antes
mencionado se mezcla con intereses actuales como lo es la estética del comic o manga.
Para poder plasmar mis ideas e intereses, los que fueron encontrados mediante un proceso
de reflexión que no había realizado anteriormente, necesitaba estilo artístico. Este fue
desarrollado y pulido gracias a la investigación de referentes tanto artísticos como teóricos
que además me ayudaron tanto a entender como a solucionar problemas que se iban
presentando.
Teniendo como resultado de manera más inmediata el proyecto de grado donde genero una
exposición de una obra donde demostrare todo lo aprendido, visto e investigado durante la
realización de este ensayo crítico
Tratamiento adoptado por los juzgados de Policia Local ante los principales conflictos que surgen de la copropiedad inmobiliaria
No full textMemoria (Licenciado en Ciencias Jurídicas)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 202
Clinical and organizational framework of repurposing pediatric intensive care unit to adult critical care in a resource-limited setting: Lessons from the response of an urban general hospital to the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textPurpose
We aim to describe the action plan and clinical results of a COVID-19 unit for adult patient care in units intended for critically ill children, proposing a clinical/administrative framework.
Methods
We reviewed the preparedness of the PICU team before the surge of cases of COVID-19 and the organizational/administrative issues to increase critical beds in a six-bed PICU allocated to adult critical care in a government-funded general hospital in Latin America. We analyzed the prospectively collected administrative/clinical data of severe COVID-19 cases admitted to PICU during the peak of the first wave of the pandemic.
Results
We describe a 6-step preparedness plan: recruitment and education, admission criteria, children diversion, team hierarchy, and general and respiratory equipment. The 6-bed PICU was allocated to adult care for 20 weeks, progressively increasing capacity to a 23-bed dedicated COVID-19 unit managed by the PICU team. A six-block bed organizational units were implemented, and personnel increased from 40 to 125 healthcare workers in 24 h shifts. COVID-19 incidence in personnel was 0.5/1000 workdays. One hundred thirty-six patients were admitted, median age 59 (51,65) years old, 68% were male, and 63% had P/F ≤ 100. In addition, 48% received mechanical ventilation, the median length of stay was 7 (3,17), and in-hospital mortality was 15%.
Conclusions
We propose an organizational framework for the role of PICU in the hospital action plan to increase adult critical beds. The cohort of patients admitted to a PICU repurposed as a COVID-19 ICU had good outcomes. These data are valuable to plan coordinated actions of the healthcare system for future scenarios
Document management and digital transformation in the state of Chile: a case study
No full textLa gestión documental es un pilar básico de la transformación digital. Los procesos documentales están siendo
crecientemente automatizados, sin embargo, los sistemas no resuelven el problema de fondo y solo permiten —en
algunos casos— solucionar algunos aspectos de la gestión documental. Una implementación carente de examen
exhaustivo de estos sistemas conlleva gastos innecesarios, problemas de falta de información pertinente y adecuada
para el acceso y seguridad de la información y deficiencia en la gestión de las solicitudes de acceso a documentos,
entre muchos otros aspectos. Para abordar este desafío hemos diseñado un instrumento de evaluación de los
sistemas, alineado a los estándares ISO como las normas 15489, 16175, 23081, entre otras relacionadas. Este
instrumento tiene enfoque archivístico y no solo tecnológico, ya que a nuestro juicio es imperativo considerar ambas
miradas para garantizar un SGD robusto, eficiente y confiable. El sistema de gestión documental debe procurar que
los documentos mantengan los elementos esenciales a lo largo de todo el ciclo de vida: fiabilidad, autenticidad,
integridad y disponibilidad. Este artículo muestra el itinerario metodológico seguido en la elaboración de este
instrumento de evaluación de sistemas informatizados de gestión documental.Document Management is a basic pillar of digital transformation. Document processes are increasingly being
automated; however, the systems do not solve the underlying problem and only allow -in some cases- to solve some
aspects of document management. An implementation lacking a thorough review of these systems leads to
unnecessary costs, problems of lack of relevant and adequate information for access and security of information
and deficiencies in the management of requests for access to documents, among many other aspects. To this end,
we have designed a system evaluation tool, aligned with ISO standards such as 15489, 16175, 23081, among other
related standards. This instrument has an archival approach and not only a technological one, which in our opinion
is imperative to ensure a robust, efficient and reliable DMS. The document management system must ensure that
documents maintain the essential elements throughout their life cycle: reliability, authenticity, integrity and
availability. This article shows the methodological itinerary followed in the development of this evaluation tool for
computerized document management systems
Scientometric analysis of hiking tourism and its relevance for wellbeing and knowledge management
No full textHiking is a sports activity that takes place in the natural environment. From the point of view of well-being, it is an aerobic activity that prevents and improves cardiovascular diseases. According to data provided by the United Nations, within the framework of the International Year of Mountains, mountain tourism represents around 15% to 20% of total world tourism revenue. This approach aims to critically analyze the scientific production on trail tourism (HT) with contributions from authors from around the world from 1991 to 2022, in order to respond to the connection between this research, knowledge management and the sustainable development of the industry. Key knowledge contributions are examined using a scientometric approach as a method (spatial, production, impact, and relational) based on registry data stored in the Web of Science (JCR and ESCI). Regarding the results, there has been an increase in scientific production in the last decade, which is manifested in the quality of the publications
Childhood and COVID-19: The indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of children and adolescents
No full textEl impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 ha sido invisibilizado en niños, niñas y adolescentes, ya que muchos de los efectos negativos han sido producto de las medidas de contención y mitigación, y sólo serán cuantificables a mediano y largo plazo. Aunque la respuesta mundial ha sido exitosa en disminuir la letalidad de la enfermedad, el efecto nocivo en poblaciones vulnerables, como niños, niñas y adolescentes es de alto impacto, catalogado como catastrófico por organismos internacionales. La pandemia ha afectado profundamente la salud física y mental de este grupo etario, y sus efectos ne gativos silenciosos se extienden a diferentes ámbitos como la escolaridad, economía familiar, trabajo infantil y seguridad alimentaria. El tercer año de la pandemia es una oportunidad para incorporar el bienestar multidimensional de los niños, niñas y adolescentes como piedra angular de la respuesta de la sociedad a una crisis global, sea esta de salud, económica o política.The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been overlooked in children and adolescents since many of the negative effects have been the result of containment and mitigation measures and will only be quantifiable in the medium and long term. Although the global response has been successful in reducing the lethality of the disease, the harmful effect on vulnerable populations, such as children and adolescents, is enormous and has been classified as catastrophic by international organizations. The pandemic has deeply affected the physical and mental health of children and adolescents, but also silently its negative effects extend across many areas such as schooling, familiar economy, child labor and food security. The third year of the pandemic is an opportunity to include the multidimensional well-being of children and adolescents as a cornerstone of society’s response to a global crisis, whether health, economic or political
Análise da atenção visual dos estudantes através de óculos espião
No full textLa atención visual es un indicador importante en las interacciones entre docentes y estudiantes. Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio que buscó determinar cómo fluctúa la atención visual que los estudiantes prestan a la persona docente durante sus clases de matemáticas e inglés y detectar posibles diferencias en dicha atención. El estudio se llevó a cabo en una escuela secundaria con una muestra de 16 estudiantes (varones). Los datos se obtuvieron a través de una mini cámara de video, montada sobre las gafas que son usadas por los estudiantes. A través del uso de imágenes de Google, analizamos de manera automática y objetiva 2613 fotogramas de las grabaciones en las que la persona docente de la clase aparecía en el campo visual de los estudiantes. Los resultados dan cuenta de la diferencia en la atención visual de los estudiantes entre los introvertidos y los extrovertidos durante los 90 minutos de clase. También se observó que los estudiantes estaban más comprometidos visualmente cuando el discurso de la persona docente estaba acompañado de gestos. Se destaca la importancia de diversificar las interacciones que busque otras formas de comprometer a los estudiantes en los últimos dos tercios de la clase. Algunas implicaciones para los programas de desarrollo profesional se derivan de este estudio.Visual attention is an important indicator in teacher-student interactions. This article presents the results of a study aimed to determine how the visual attention paid to the teacher by students fluctuates during their math and English classes and to detect possible differences in their attention. The study was conducted in a secondary school with a sample of 16 male students. Data was obtained by a mini video camera mounted on glasses wore by students. Using google images, we automatically and objectively analyzed 2613 frames from the recordings where the teacher appeared in the students’ visual field. Results show a difference in students’ visual attention between introvert and extrovert students throughout the 90-minute class. It was also observed that students were more visually engaged when the teacher's speech was accompanied by gestures. The paper highlights the importance of diversifying interactions that seek other ways to engage students in the last two-thirds of the class. Some implications for professional development programs are derived from this stud
The role of executive functions, social cognition and intelligence in predicting social adaptation of vulnerable populations
No full textThis study sought to evaluate the roles of and interactions between cognitive processes that have been shown to exhibit impact from socioeconomic status (SES) and living conditions in predicting social adaptation (SA) in a population of adults living in socially vulnerable conditions. Participants included 226 people between the ages of 18 and 60 who have been living in vulnerable contexts throughout life in Santiago, Chile. Data was collected through a battery of psychological assessments. A structural equation model (SEM) was implemented to examine the interrelationships among cognitive and social variables. Results indicate a significant relationship between executive function (EF) and SA through both social cognition (SC) and intelligence. Theory of Mind (ToM), a omponent of SC, was shown to exhibit a significant relationship with affective empathy; interestingly, this was negatively related to SA. Moreover, fluid intelligence (FI) was found to exhibit a positive, indirect relationship with SA through vocabulary. Evaluation of these results in the context of research on the impacts of SES and vulnerable living conditions on psychological function may allow for the development of more effective clinical, political, and social interventions to support psychosocial health among socially vulnerable populations