Repositorio Institucional Universidad Finis Terrae
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Survey on spinal injections for lumbar degenerative stenosis among spine surgeons in Latin America
No full textIntroduction: Epidural and facet joint injections are usually used as part of the treatment algorithm for low back and radicular pain. Current clinical practice in Latin America is not well described in the literature.
Objectives: Evaluate the indications and techniques of spinal injections (SI) in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) among spine surgeons in Latin America.
Study Design: Cross-sectional, international survey, narrative literature review.
Methods: An online survey was sent to spine surgeons and members of the AOSpine Latin America. Data included surgeon geographic information, specialty, time in professional activity, SI indications, and techniques in different scenarios of pain and stenosis localization. Results: A total of 446 surgeons, 291 (65%) orthopedic surgeons, and 155 (35%) neurosurgeons replied to the survey. 92% of spine surgeons indicated a spinal steroid injection to treat DLSS. Most spinal surgeons (54%) would simultaneously perform both peridural and intraarticular lumbar facet (combined) steroid injections in patients with low back pain and radicular pain. Foraminal injection is a preferred technique for patients with central and foraminal stenosis. There are no significant differences in most of the answers between orthopedic surgeons and neurosurgeons. Almost 80% of respondents expect a good result from the injection. However, 86% of surgeons believe injection effects last less than 6 months, and only 12% think surgery will not be necessary in the future. Only 15% of spine surgeons irrespective of specialty adhere to a guideline on spine injections for DLSS.
Conclusion: This study provides a global perspective on how Latin American spine surgeons treat patients with DLSS concerning the use of spinal steroid injections. We observed that more than 90% of respondents use this procedure to treat DLSS. There are almost no differences between orthopedic spine surgeons and neurosurgeons when performing SI. A foraminal injection is preferred for lateral recess and foraminal stenosis. Most of the respondents expect to achieve positive results with the procedure, but they believe that its effect will last for less than 6 months and possible need for surgery
ML models for severity classification and length-of-stay forecasting in emergency units
No full textLength-of-stay (LoS) prediction and severity classification for patients in emergency units in a clinic or hospital are crucial problems for public and private health networks. An accurate estimation of these parameters is essential for better planning resources, which are usually scarce. Although it is possible to find several works that propose traditional Machine Learning (ML) models to face these challenges, few works have exploited advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) on Spanish raw-text vector representations. Consequently, we take advantage of those advances, incorporating sentence embeddings in traditional ML models to improve predictions. Moreover, we apply a strategy based on SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values to provide explanations for these predictions. The results of our case study demonstrate an increase in the accuracy of the predictions using raw text with a minimum preprocessing. The precision increased by up to 2% in the classification of the patient’s post-care destination and by up to 8% in the prediction of LoS in the hospital. This evidence encourages practitioners to use available text to anticipate the patient’s need for hospitalization more accurately at the earliest stage of the care process
Teología de la educación hoy
No full textEn esta hora de reformas educativas, en acto en nuestro país, la obra del hermano Enrique García cumple una providencial misión personal y comunitaria. Invita a ir a lo más profundo del corazón humano, a contemplar su alta y hermosa vocación y misión, y a comprometerse con una educación de calidad para su crecimiento, que no olvide esa dimensión trascendente, llamada a penetrar todo proyecto de auténtico crecimiento humano: la semilla de la eternidad que Dios ha puesto en lo más íntimo de todo ser humano, para que tenga vida y la tenga en abundancia. Dios quiera que muchos padres de familia, maestros y estudiantes de Facultades de Educación, los presentes y futuros educadores de niños y jóvenes de Chile, encuentren en esta obra inspiración para su accionar
La Nostalgia es Suave. Representación del recuerdo a través de materialidades blandas y duras en la escultura
No full textMemoria (Licenciado en Artes Visuales, Mención Escultura)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 2023Esta memoria documenta el proceso creativo y teórico de una obra instalativa que se basa en dos conceptos: la nostalgia y la materialidad, analizando, a su vez, el significado e importancia de ambos y cómo estos se integran. Además, se profundiza en la visión personal de la artista sobre la nostalgia, la cual la hace recordar el hogar de sus abuelos, lugar utilizado como referente en cada escultura dentro de la obra. La nostalgia es simplificada como un signo a través de la semiótica, el cual cobra vida en forma de un módulo cuadrado gracias a la materialidad y su experimentación. Finalmente, se llega a un resultado que abarca la experiencia personal de la artista, quien utiliza la nostalgia como concepto social y la materialidad como el elemento físico dentro de la obra, creando una instalación que imita una sala de estar compuesta por varias esculturas cubiertas por los módulos blandos que logran crear un espacio que se remite a estos conceptos.This thesis documents the creative and theoretical process of an installation art work based on two concepts: nostalgia and materiality, analyzing both their meaning and importance, and how they link up. In addition, the artist's personal way of viewing nostalgia is delved into, explaining how this emotion reminds her of her grandparents house, a place that is referenced in each sculpture within the installation. Nostalgia is simplified as a sign through semiotics, which comes to life as a square module through materiality and its experimentation. Lastly, an artwork is created by incorporating the artist's personal experience, nostalgia as a social concept and materiality as the tangible element within the work, altogether creating an installation that imitates a family room composed of several sculptures enclosed by soft modules that accomplishes to create a space based on these concepts
The Akin osteotomy without fixation in open hallux abducto-valgo correction surgery: A single center retrospective analysis of 286 cases
No full textBetween 2011 and 2018, 222 patients, 286 feet (147 left, 139 right) met the inclusion criteria. We found an average difference between pre-op and post-op at 3 months of distal articular set angle (DASA) of 7.0 degrees and average interphalangeal joint obliquity angle (IPOA) of 12.0 degrees (p < 0.001).
All cases achieved fusion but in 5.9 % (17/289 cases) of cases, we observed delayed consolidation. The average union time in these cases was 22.1 weeks.
Hyperextension of the distal fragment (mal union in plantar flexion) was observed in 7 cases (2.4 %). None of the 7 cases required correction.
Out of 286 surgeries, 8 (2.7 %) required reoperation, but only one case for a hypocorrection required Akin's re osteotomy. Regarding the inter- and intra-observer correlations, good and excellent reliability are observed for all parameters under consideration.
Conclusion
The absence of internal fixation would appear not to impair osteotomy healing and complication rates compared with techniques with fixation would not appear to be worse. The results are encouraging; nevertheless, we believe that further studies need to be performed in order to confirm the data
Ley de protección al empleo (Ley N° 21.227): Oportunidad de regulación orgánica de la suspensión laboral por caso fortuito o fuerza mayor
No full textMemoria (Licenciado en Ciencias Jurídicas)--Universidad Finis Terrae, 202
A regulação sanitária nos tratados de investimentos brasileiros
No full textA pandemia de Covid-19 tem imposto aos Estados desafios regulatórios em termos de saúde pública, ressoando no direito dos investimentos com o questionamento do tradicional foco na proteção do investidor. A problemática do artigo questiona se o Acordo de Cooperação e Facilitação de Investimentos possui instrumentos normativos garantidores do direito de regular em saúde pública. Para isso, a investigação analisa o trinômio “legitimação-reforço-concretização”. Primeiramente, investiga-se a exceção de saúde pública como legitimação do direito de regular estatal. Depois, investiga-se a responsabilidade social corporativa como reforço desse direito de regular. Por fim, analisa-se o sistema de governança institucional como mecanismo de garantia concreta do direito de regular estatal. O método utilizado é o qualitativo-teórico, a partir de fontes primárias e secundárias. Conclui-se, ao final, que o modelo brasileiro se reveste de potencialidade para promover uma conciliação entre os interesses do investidor e a necessidade do Estado de regular a saúde pública
The use of data mining as a heuristic for the theory of history and history of historiography
No full textEl objetivo de este artículo se centra en presentar Crono.Data, que es una interfaz para visualizar conceptos, constelaciones de
autores y citas indexadas de colecciones digitales. Crono.Data se está desarrollando a partir de la investigación “Red intelectual y
panamericanismo: relaciones entre la política y la escritura de la historia en el Cono Sur (1922-1940)”, que tiene como objetivo
estudiar una constelación de autores americanistas (panamericanos y latinoamericanos) que organizaron congresos de historia,
publicaron libros sobre Historia de América y articularon la fundación de instituciones y su financiamiento, además de debatir
cuestiones teóricas y metodológicas sobre la escritura de la historia y la educación. Actualmente, indexamos las colecciones
del Instituto Histórico Geográfico (1838-2008), la Biblioteca Brasiliana Guita y José Mindlin (incompleta), la Biblioteca de
Obras Raras de la UFRJ, la Biblioteca Nacional (solo Revista Americana de Itamaraty) y la Academia Nacional de Historia de
Argentina (1924 a 1948). Utilizamos métodos de minería de datos para encontrar la información que consideramos relevante
para la investigación, y técnicas de modelado de datos para transformarla en nuevas formas de representación y visualización. Se
presentaron formas de construir la base de datos y formas de analizar la información encontrada.
Palabras clave: historiografía, minería de datos, representación, humanidades digitales.The object of this article is focused on presenting Crono.Data, which is a visual interface to visualize concepts, author constellations
and indexed citations from digital collections. Crono.Data is being developed from the research "Intellectual Network and Pan-
Americanism: Relations between politics and the writing of history in the Southern Cone (1922-1940)", which aims to study a
constellation of Americanist authors (Pan-American and Latin American). who organized history congresses, published books
on the subject of American History, and articulated the founding of institutions and financing, as well as debating theoretical
and methodological issues on the writing of history and education. Currently, we have indexed the collections of the Instituto
Histórico Geográfico (1838-2008), the Biblioteca Brasiliana Guita and José Mindlin (incomplete), the Library of Rare Works
of the UFRJ, the National Library (only Revista Americana of Itamaraty) and the Academia Nacional de History of Argentina
(1924 to 1948). We used data mining methods to find the information that we consider relevant for research, and data modeling
techniques to transform it into new forms of representation and visualization. Ways to build the database and ways to analyze
the are presented
Design of an EEG analytical methodology for the analysis and interpretation of cerebral connectivity signals
No full textThe objective of this study is to design an Electroencephalographic (EEG) analytic methodology that allows to develop a variety of analysis and interpretations of brain signals. The initial phase considers the acquisition and filtering of EEG signals, the division into bands in data ranges, and the storage of EEG signals in a cloud data base. Then, an analytical phase considering descriptive, predictive and prescriptive analysis is accomplished. A sequence of analytic intermediate processing steps is done in order to render a graphic visualization of significant correlations between pairs of EEG channels. Pearson correlation is utilized to detect synchronic connectivity through the brain areas. Time series in nearly instantaneous time lapses are treated by using Hilbert Huang Transform. An experimental design by submitting a set of students to an abbreviated version Raven visual test is made providing results in correlation maps of cerebral connectivit
Storytelling corporativo: una revisión crítica de los enfoques de investigación y la metodología en la literatura académica del 2011 al 2020
No full textLos académicos de diferentes campos del conocimiento están de acuerdo en que el storytelling ha ganado especial relevancia en el contexto actual. Esto resulta evidente en la comunicación corporativa, donde se ha instaurado ya el término de storytelling corporativo, para hacer referencia a las historias que las empresas cuentan a sus diferentes grupos de interés (stakeholders). En este campo, se han encontrado diversas investigaciones académicas que desde diferentes enfoques y con distintas metodologías tratan de dar luces sobre la naturaleza, los alcances y las limitaciones del storytelling en el mundo de la empresa