Repositorio Institucional Universidad Finis Terrae
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Techno-economic assessment of a green hydrogen production plant for a mining operation in Chile
No full textMining operations are the most important industrial activity in the northern regions of Chile with a high use of fossil fuels. This paper develops a techno-economic assessment of a green hydrogen complex designed to supply fuel to stationary diesel electric generators (small-scale project) and fuels cells trucks (medium-scale project) for a company dedicated to exploiting stone materials for the mining sector. The hydrogen complex consists of a photovoltaic plant, electrolyzers, hydrogen compressors and storage, considering geographical location, solar resource and company layout. The economic assessment considers the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) and Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH), including investment and sensitivity analysis. For the small-scale project, a 60-kW photovoltaic plant installed in an area of 1000 m2, with an investment of US. However, the NPV is - 2,100,000, results in an average LCOH of 4.62 US$. The results indicate feasibility, economic convenience, and scalability, marking this project as a precursor for future initiatives in the Chilean mining sector
Chapter 3: The Inter-American Convention on the Protection of the Human Rights of Older Persons - a step towards an international convention on the rights of older people?
No full textThe Latin American and Caribbean region is experiencing an ageing population, which creates a need to balance greater longevity with a better quality of life for older people. This would imply generating legal instruments that respect and promote their human rights at the national and international levels. This chapter aims to describe the political and legal evolution of the rights of older people in the Latin American region until the arrival of the Inter-American Convention. Then, based on this experience, it discusses the possibility of this treaty becoming the basis for a universal convention on the human rights of older persons. It is concluded that this will be essential to adequately raise awareness about this group of the population
Amonio y Boecio: sobre la batalla naval de Aristóteles (Comentario a Aristóteles: sobre la interpretación, 9)
No full textEl propósito de este libro es llenar una laguna en lengua española que ya ha comenzado a colmarse en otros idiomas: facilitar al lector un acceso sencillo y riguroso a dos célebres comentaristas de Aristóteles pertenecientes a la Antigüedad tardía. Esto significa asimismo una aportación importante al corpus de los autores neoplatónicos en lengua española. Los comentarios clásicos han ido adquiriendo especial relieve durante las últimas décadas. En esta ocasión se logra presentar una importante faceta del autor de la Consolación de la filosofía, así como completar nuestro conocimiento de Amonio. Este libro proporciona la traducción española del capítulo noveno del tratado de Aristóteles Sobre la interpretación (De interpretatione o Peri hermeneias), su estudio y edición, ofreciendo además los textos originales, griego y latino respectivamente, difíciles de localizar en versión impresa.Esta investigación ha sido realizada gracias al apoyo de la Fundación Sicómoro en el marco del acuerdo de cooperación con la Universidad Eclesiástica San Dámaso
PhD Programs in Sport Science: Impact Beyond Academia and Scientific Publishing
No full textThe PhD is an important academic qualification that not only supports innovative and impactful research but also provides structure and standards for the development of researchers. Given that fewer than 50% of PhD graduates are likely to be employed in an academic institution, the focus of the degree is not solely on the development of university-employed academics or researchers. Indeed, PhD programs develop an individual’s research skills and advance learning and/or professional practice that can be applied across a range of sectors. Sport-science PhD graduates, for instance, often work in Olympic or professional sport, private practice, health, government agencies, or other industries. Industry-focused PhD programs will typically occur through cosupervision and codesign of the research among university and nonuniversity organizations. A tension in the management of such programs can be the complex balance between rapidly addressing important industry-relevant research questions or needs and the slower long-term process of developing the researcher. While these objectives can be achieved simultaneously, embedding transferable skills, industry-relevant learning, and end-user engagement into academic curricula within the PhD has its challenges
A educação da primeira infância em tempos de pandemia: a experiência vivida pelas crianças nos países latino-americanos
No full textThis research is framed within this context, emphasizing the concept of childhood as a social construct, historically and geographically redefined. The daily experiences and relationships of children worldwide have been significantly affected by the Pandemic. It is essential to understand these transformations through the voices of children. The primary aim of this research was to interpret the educational experiences of young children in Latin America during the Covid-19 health emergency. Data was collected through four strategies based on the mosaic approach: face-to-face interviews, virtual interviews, audio recordings, and drawings, involving a total of 46 children from 7 countries: Chile, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Costa Rica, Brazil, and Argentina. The results show that during the pandemic, there were limitations on play, communication was primarily directed by teachers in virtual settings, children expressed a need for contact with peers, family mediation was crucial for learning, movement was restricted, and here was a greater emphasis on content of the didactic processes. This study aims to contribute to the positioning of participatory research with children as a necessary paradigm for addressing issues that concern them
Development of intelligent smart energy monitoring systems for renewable energy source using Proteus‑8 environment and validated with experimentation
No full textCustomers of energy, both in residential and commercial structures, are now more interested in lowering their energy usage as an effect of the feed-in tariffs for renewable resources and the recent rise in electricity rates. The central control system and smart power Plug proposed in this study use the XBee communication protocol to manage energy use. Smart energy management systems are used to measure and optimize power use at the consumer premises level. The design and development of wireless smart Plugs that can assess several power characteristics and gather data on the real-time power use of individual consumer appliances is the main goal of this paper. An XBee transmitter and receiver node aids in the formation of the Consumer Area Network, which is created by the SEMS setup. The central node’s real-time data collection allows for the scheduling and prioritization of the appliances. Consumer appliance datasets may be created using the SEMS setup, and additional datasets can be utilized for load disaggregation. The configuration of the system allows for wireless data transfer from smart outlets to a central controller. The connected devices to the smart Plug are then turned on or off by the system using control instructions generated by the data analysis. According to test findings, the suggested smart Plug can assess the power consumption of wirelessly connected devices up to 18 meters away with accuracy and without compromising data. Based on a planned user program code, the central controller is capable of successfully controlling several Plugs. The proposed Smart Energy Management algorithm demonstrates that using smart Plugs as load controllers results in a decrease in energy consumption of 0.811 kW min (0.0134 kWh) with the right scheduling algorithm, the suggested smart Plug technology may, therefore, be used to its full potential in a smart energy management system. The data’s findings show how much better the proposed approach is than the standard ones in use now
When Ethics Meet Socrates in Critical Care
No full textThis process shows how structured philosophical dialogue can potentially transform confrontational scattered discussions into collaborative exploration of complex ethical issues in critical care maintaining mutual respect and potentially reducing the emotional burde
Optimal arterial pressure transducer positioning for neurocritical care patients: a review
No full textThis narrative review addresses the critical issue of arterial transducer positioning for cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) measurement in neurocritical care. Despite CPP’s importance in guiding management, optimal transducer placement remains ambiguous and unaddressed by current guidelines. We synthesized evidence from 20 relevant articles to inform standardization efforts. Key findings include a 10–12 mmHg CPP discrepancy between phlebostatic axis and Monro foramen transducer locations at 30 degree head elevation. There is no consensus on anatomical landmarks for “head-level” measurement, and only one guideline explicitly advises against the phlebostatic axis approach. Limited clinical evidence suggests increased institutionalization rates for patients with measurement discrepancies. Emerging dual-transducer strategies aim to address these challenges. The review highlights significant variability in CPP measurement practices, potentially impacting patient care and research interpretation. We emphasize the urgent need for standardized protocols and improved reporting in research. Addressing this variability is crucial for optimizing neurocritical care management and enhancing research comparability. Our findings underscore the importance of consistent arterial transducer positioning in neurocritical care and call for further research to establish evidence-based standardization, ultimately improving patient outcomes and research quality in this critical field
Analysis of the seasonal epidemic of respiratory viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 2023 in Chile compared to the pre-pandemic cohort (2015-2019)
No full textDurante la pandemia de COVID-19, las infecciones respiratorias pediátricas disminuyeron drásticamente a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, en el otoño-invierno de 2023, estas enfermedades resurgieron de manera inusual, causando estrés en el sistema de salud. Comparando los datos del 2023 con los del quinquenio prepandemia del Departamento de Estadísticas e Información de Salud (DEIS) de Chile, observamos que la magnitud y frecuencia de las enfermedades respiratorias pediátricas fueron similares. No obstante, el estrés en el sistema de salud se debió al inicio temprano de la demanda, la sincronicidad de grupos etarios, la heterogeneidad geográfica y la capacidad de respuesta global y local. En la Región Metropolitana (RM), los casos no aumentaron en número, pero se presentaron 4 semanas antes. En las regiones central, centro-sur y sur, los casos aparecieron más temprano y durante un periodo más corto, resultando en un pico de hasta 4 veces más en hospitalizaciones y consultas de urgencia. La eficacia de las políticas públicas, como los cambios en programas educacionales y la inmunización contra el virus respiratorio sincicial (VRS), requiere un análisis objetivo y multisectorial. Es necesario ajustar las políticas para evitar la sobrerrepresentación de la RM y fomentar la colaboración público-privada para perfeccionar la información de la carga del VRS, y así mejorar los estándares de atención, tratamientos y su disponibilidad a lo largo de Chile
Nutritional Status of 8,128,014 Chilean and Immigrant Children and Adolescents Evaluated by the National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB) Between 2013 and 2023
No full textIntroduction: Nutritional issues, including overweight and obesity, along with the rising number of immigrants facing their own nutritional problems, continue to keep Chile on alert. Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological and nutritional status changes among Chilean and immigrant boys, girls, and adolescents (BGA) in schools evaluated by the National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB) from 2013 to 2023. Methods: This descriptive study analyzed individual, anonymous, and de-identified data on the nutritional status of BGA in pre-kindergarten, kindergarten, first grade, fifth grade, and the first year of high school using the JUNAEB Nutritional Map. Results: The sample consisted of 8,128,014 BGA, 49.2% women and 50.8% men. In 2013, immigrant BGA represented 0.4% of the total number of children evaluated, and by 2023, this percentage increased to 7.9%. It was observed that Chilean BGA had a lower proportion of thinness, risk of thinness, stunting, and normal weight, but a higher proportion of overnutrition compared to immigrants, similar to observations made during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparisons by sex showed that Chilean and immigrant women had a lower percentage of thinness, risk of thinness, obesity, severe obesity, and stunting, and a higher proportion of normal weight when compared to men. Conclusions: The rise in immigrant BGA within the Chilean school system, together with the nutritional differences between both groups, highlights the need to consider these particularities when designing nutritional public policies in the health and education sectors