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Replication Data for: The acquisition of Differential Object Marking: a longitudinal study on L1 Dutch learners of Hindi as a foreign language
No full textDataset abstract
The dataset includes annotated spoken corpus data of N = 3685 utterances, created with a picture description task that elicited semi-spontaneous oral production data from N = 5 learners of Hindi at a Belgian institute. Following a longitudinal design, we gathered data during four observations. These found place in the second (Time1), third (Time2; Time3) and fourth semester (time4) of their Hindi course trajectory. The corpus data is annotated for (i) Learner, (ii) Time of elicitation, (iii) the use of -ko as a Differential Object Marker and (iv) -ko as another marker, as well as multiple features associated with ko-marking, including: (v) Specificity of the Direct Object, (vi) Animacy of the Direct Object, (vii) the (lemmatized) sentence verb, (viii) the (lemmatized) head of the Direct Object Noun Phrase, (ix) the (lemmatized) head of the Noun Phrase associated with other uses of -ko, and (x) the semantic role of these other uses of the ko-marker. Article abstract
This article investigates the acquisition of Differential Object Marking (DOM) in Hindi as a foreign language based on a longitudinal study with five L1 Dutch speakers. A first aim of the study is to verify findings in previous cross-sectional studies. DOM in Hindi is governed by animacy and specificity and is particularly hard to acquire, with heritage speakers and advanced L2 learners omitting the direct object (DO) marker. A second aim is to investigate whether we can find evidence of either L1 influence, item-based learning or semantic mapping, testing explanations by Montrul et al. (2012, 2015, 2019), Narasimhan (2005, 2020) and Baten and Ponnet (2023). Data collected over four observation points confirmed high DOM omissions. Using a mixed effects logistic regression analysis, we found an increase in marking for human animate, specific DOs, and also for non-human animate and inanimate specific nouns. Our findings suggest that learners initially expand the optionality of -ko due to the complex syntactic-semantic constraints (possibly enhanced by L1 transfer) before gradually adapting to its constraints (possibly emerging through item-based learning).</p
Replication Data for: Devonian–Carboniferous extension and Eurekan inversion along an inherited WNW–ESE-striking fault system in Billefjorden, Svalbard
No full textHigh-resolution version of the figures in the following manuscript: "Devonian–Carboniferous extension and Eurekan inversion along an inherited WNW–ESE-striking fault system in Billefjorden, Svalbard". High-resolution versions of the figures are necessary to identify individual structures presented and discussed in the text
Replication Data for: A genome-wide association study of freezing tolerance in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) germplasm of European origin
No full textFreezing tolerance and genomic data for red clover accessions used for a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify loci associated with freezing tolerance in the EUCLEC collection of mostly European red clover accessions. Freezing tolerance was measured as LT50. The genomic data are allele frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and short read-backed haplotypes called in genotype by sequencing-data on pools of DNA (pool-GBS); one pool of 200 individuals per accession. The data were used to generate genomic relationship matrices. SNP data were used to calculate linkage disequilibrium
Miljønyord fra prosjektet Changing Nature (1998-2018)
No full textThis data set contains a file containing neologisms related to the subject fields of nature and the environment extracted from fours data sets (the Naturen corpus, the forskning.no corpus, NOU reports and verbatim reports from the Norwegian Parliament) in the time period 1998-2018. The neologisms were extracted automatically and analysed manually to identify neologisms related to nature and the environment.
The data set "Changing Nature_original list 1869 environmental neologisms" contains 1869 neologisms from the nature and environment subject fields.
The data set is licensed under CC0.
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Replication Data for: Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy for the Evaluation of Localised Corrosion on Aluminium Alloys
No full textDynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (dEIS) is a technique which can be used to combine Impedance spectroscopy with conventional electrochemical techniques such as potentiodynamic polarizations and chronoamperometry. In this work we show how -under certain experimental conditions- dEIS can be used for an initial screening of mutually identical AW-3005 aluminium alloys with respect to they filiform corrosion resistance. Furthermore, we show the potentiality of the dEIS technique to extract information regarding passive oxide breakdown and surface repassivation. Finally, through filiform corrosion tests the effect of Mn is elucidated
Supplementary data to large-scale fire experiment with exposed cross-laminated timber in ceiling - #FRIC-01
No full textThis data set contains raw data, (mainly temperature data)from the large-scale fire experiment, named #FRIC-01, with exposed cross-laminated timber on both the wall and the ceiling. This fire test is among the largest fire experiment conducted to date and gave valuable insights into fire spread rates, external heat fluxes to the facade, charring rates of the CLT. More information about the experiment is found in the open-access journal paper with name: "Fire spread in a large compartment with exposed cross-laminated timber and open ventilation conditions: #FRIC-01 - Exposed ceiling". (2022-08-19
Background Data for: Critical thinking-in-the-making: Students’ critical thinking practices in a multifaceted SSI project
No full textThe data consists of transcribed recordings of classroom dialogues in a grade 8 classroom during a weeklong «Climate project» lasting 18 lessons. All data is in Norwegian. The data was collected during a school development project, denoted the Argument project, run by the school authority at the local municipality and involved all science and math teachers at three lower secondary schools. It was run in cooperation with six researchers and four outreach staff at the University of Bergen and the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences as part of an R&D project (see argument.uib.no/) funded by the Norwegian Research Council under grant number 275835 and was running from January 2018 until June 2022.
Data from the Climate project were collected using non-participatory participation and included whole-class video recordings (camera pointing towards the front of the classroom from behind) and audio recordings of group discussions. Recordings from each lesson were transcribed verbatim, and the data set in this database consists of these transcriptions
Replication Data for: A network of allostructions: quantified subject constructions in Russian
No full textData and R code are provided for statistical analysis of approximately 39,000 corpus examples of predicate agreement in constructions with quantified subjects in Russian.
The analysis indicates that these constructions constitute a network of constructions (“allostructions”) with various preferences for singular or plural agreement. Factors pull in different directions, and we observe a relatively stable situation in the face of variation. We present an analysis of a multidimensional network of allostructions in Russian, thus contributing to our understanding of allostructional relationships in Construction Grammar. With regard to historical linguistics, language stability is an understudied field. We illustrate an interplay of divergent factors that apparently resists language change. The syntax of numerals and other quantifiers represents a notoriously complex phenomenon of the Russian language. Our study sheds new light on the contributions of factors that favor singular or plural agreement in sentences with quantified subjects
Replication Data for: Coupling crustal-scale rift architecture with passive margin salt tectonics: a geodynamic modelling approach
No full textGeodynamic Numerical model outputs (animations) of paper "Coupling crustal-scale rift architecture with passive margin salt tectonics: a geodynamic modelling approach". Submitted for Review.
These novel numerical models are generated by arbitrary Lagrangian‐Eulerian (ALE) thermo-mechanically coupled finite element method for the solution of plane strain, incompressible viscous‐plastic creeping flows. The method solves the force balance equations of equilibrium for quasi‐static incompressible flows (Stokes) in two dimensions coupled with time-dependent heat conservation equations. The mechanical and thermal evolution is coupled through nonlinear temperature- and pressure-dependent rheologies in addition to the temperature dependence of buoyancy.
The models are designed using a rheologically layered lithosphere comprising a 35 km‐thick crust and a 90 km mantle lithosphere above a sublithospheric mantle in a 600 km‐high and 1,200 km‐wide model domain. The Eulerian grid consists of 2,400 in horizontal and 290 elements in vertical directions. The distribution of the elements in the vertical direction is irregular, allowing for high resolution in the upper crust of Δz=200 m in the shallowest 20 km, Δz=625 m between 20 and 70 km, Δz=1,100 m between 70 and 120 km, and Δz=7,917 m between 120 and 600 km of depth. The resolution in the horizontal direction is 500 m for the entire model domain. Extensional horizontal velocity conditions (v = ±0.5 cm/year) are applied to the lithosphere, and the corresponding exit flux is balanced by a low-velocity inflow in the sublithospheric mantle. The top of the model is a free surface, and the sides and base are free slip boundaries.
The crust follows a wet quartz (WQ) rheology with different scaling factors (fc) as a way to test variable crustal strength. We use four contrasting crustal with variable fc from 30, 1, 0.1, and 0.02 for strong, intermediate, weak, and very weak crusts, respectively. These results in distinct thicknesses of the frictional‐plastic upper crust that range from 25 km, 15, 11, to 8 km. The densities of crust, mantle lithosphere, and sub-lithospheric mantle are calibrated so that the depth of the modelled mid-ocean ridge spreading system fits with global observations of average mid-ocean ridge depth. Salt is treated as a linear viscous material and all models have a constant salt viscosity (see ReadMe). Sedimentation occurs by filling all accommodation between the model surface and a defined base(sea)-level with sediments at each time step. We implement two different styles of sedimentation in our models, aggradation for syn-rift clastics and salt, and post-rift progradation using a dynamic depositional profile. We also apply a new novel tracking method based on Lagrangian surface descriptions that allow resolving the internal stratigraphic architecture of the salt and post-salt intervals with greater detail than in previous studies.
Models demonstrate the genesis and evolution of salt-bearing rifted margins and investigate the interplay between rifted margin architecture, late syn-rift salt deposition, and post-rift salt tectonics. We focus on four different types of continental margins: i) narrow, ii) intermediate, iii) wide, and iv) ultra-wide margins. We evaluate the: 1) interplay between laterally variable syn-rift extension, salt deposition and deformation, 2) influence of syn-rift basin architecture on post-rift salt flow, 3) spatial and temporal distribution of salt-related structural domains, and 4) contrasting styles of salt tectonics for different margin types. Narrow and intermediate margins form partially-isolated salt basins associated with prominent base-salt relief, limited translation but significant diapirism, and minibasin development. Wide and ultra-wide margins form wide salt basins with subtle base-salt relief that results in significant seaward salt expulsion and overburden translation. These wide margins demonstrate significant updip extension with the development of post-rift normal faults and rollovers, mid-margin translation associated with complex diapirism and downdip diapir shortening. All margins contain a distal salt nappe that varies in width and complexity. We also test the effect of different salt viscosities, relative post-salt progradation rates, and pre-salt sediment thicknesses. The results can be directly compared to several examples of salt-bearing rifted margins and provide an improved understanding of their dynamics and controls on the variability of salt tectonics
Replication data for: Microclimatic comparison of lichen heaths and shrubs: shrubification generates atmospheric heating but subsurface cooling during the growing season
No full textDATASET MIGRATED FROM FIGSHARE: Data from Microclimatic comparison of lichen heaths and shrubs: shrubification generates atmospheric heating but subsurface cooling during the growing season, Biogeosciences. See ReadMe file for more information.
Article Abstract
Lichen heaths are declining in abundance in alpine and Arctic areas partly due to an increasing competition with shrubs. This shift in vegetation types might have important consequences for the microclimate and climate on a larger scale. The aim of our study is to measure the difference in microclimatic conditions between lichen heaths and shrub vegetation during the growing season. With a paired plot design, we measured the net radiation, soil heat flux, soil temperature and soil moisture on an alpine mountain area in southern Norway during the summer of 2018 and 2019. We determined that the daily net radiation of lichens was on average 3.15 MJ (26 %) lower than for shrubs during the growing season. This was mainly due to a higher albedo of the lichen heaths but also due to a larger longwave radiation loss. Subsequently, we estimate that a shift from a lichen heath to shrub vegetation leads to an average increase in atmospheric heating of 3.35 MJ d−1 during the growing season. Surprisingly, the soil heat flux and soil temperature were higher below lichens than below shrubs during days with high air temperatures. This implies that the relatively high albedo of lichens does not lead to a cooler soil compared to shrubs during the growing season. We predict that the thicker litter layer, the presence of soil shading and a higher evapotranspiration rate at shrub vegetation are far more important factors in explaining the variation in soil temperature between lichens and shrubs. Our study shows that a shift from lichen heaths to shrub vegetation in alpine and Arctic areas will lead to atmospheric heating, but it has a cooling effect on the subsurface during the growing season, especially when air temperatures are relatively high.</p