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Background Data for: Performance improvements of supermarket R744 systems by pivoting compressor arrangements
No full textIn this work a numerical and experimental campaign have been performed to explore the implementation of “pivoting” compressors, i.e. a technique that enables the medium temperature (MT) and parallel (IT) compressors in a booster system to be interchangeable according to cooling loads, ambient conditions and ejector capacity. The novel configuration presented in this work helps to downsize the installed compressor capacity in ejector-supported systems while maintaining all the benefits due to the ejector. The basic version of the solution is based on: i) MT and low temperature (LT) compressors, ii) high pressure controlled through a Multi Ejector both during summer and winter conditions. The tests performed in the laboratory proved
how the “pivoting” solution is beneficial to attain a higher degree of flexibility with more compact systems while maintaining the efficiency and justifying economically the ejector implementation. An additional solution called LT “pivoting”, i.e. connecting LT compressors either to MT or IT compressors, proved to be particularly useful for energy saving
Replication Data for: A behaviour change strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international scientific conferences and meetings
No full textDataset used to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions for two academic events of the European Academy of Nursing Science as reported in "A behaviour change strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international scientific conferences and meetings' published as Richards et al npjclimateaction 202
Replication Data for Effect of scalding temperature on sensory and biochemical properties in a hard goat milk cheese.
No full textA procedure to produce a hard cheese made from goat milk set to approach Manchego cheese was developed. Also investigated was how a slight difference in scalding temperature affects the chemical and sensory properties of the cheeses during the ripening process.The cheese was made by applying two different scalding temperatures (38 °C and 40 °C) in three replicate blocks (A, B and C). At each replicate block, two vats of cheese were made, and a new batch of goat milk was used every time.
A total of six cheese vats were made. The cheeses are further referred to by the replicate block and the scalding temperature i.e. A-38°. Analyses were conducted at 24h, 6-, 12- and 18 weeks. The cheese was analysed for volatiles (GC-MS), organic acids (HPLC), proteolysis (as measured by capillary electrophoresis) and sensory properties (QDA). After 18 weeks of ripening, sensory descriptive analysis showed that the cheeses had a high total flavour and odour intensity, and a low degree of oxidised flavour
Supporting data for: Typicality effects in Spanish as a Foreign Language of intermediate and advanced level Greek learners
No full text[Dataset abstract] Data set containing the general responses, general availability indexes and the typicality indexes for the lexical availability tests of intermediate, and advanced Greek learners of Spanish and of Spanish native counterparts.[Article abstract] Categorization and identification of typical exemplars within semantic categories is a universal skill of human cognition which is involved in language development. However, cultural and experiential aspects might influence typicality effects. This paper examines the role of native language and culture on that categorization process and on typicality effects. Towards that objective, we had Spanish native speakers and Spanish FL learners whose mother tongue is Greek complete a category generation word association task. Data were analyzed within a network and graph theory framework as the best fitting for this type of data, bearing in mind previous descriptions of semantic memory. Results showed how, indeed, native speakers and learners of varying proficiency levels differ in their availability and production of typical exemplars, especially in slot-filler categories versus taxonomic categories. Lexical access during category generation might be determined by native language and culture. Additionally, natives’ mental lexicon seems to feature denser connections responsible for more efficient access
Replication data for: Carcass provisioning and intra-guild risk avoidance between two sympatric large carnivores
No full textThe current dataset is the replication data for article titled Carcass provisioning and intra-guild risk avoidance between two sympatric large carnivores written by Nordli (2024), accepted for publication in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. The dataset includes remote wildlife camera data from wolf-killed moose in south eastern Norway in 2014 and 2015.The article (10.1007/s00265-023-03423-6) revolves around the competitive relationship between sympatric wolves (Canis lupus) and wolverines (Gulo gulo) in Norway, particularly focusing on their interactions during scavenging on fresh wolf kills across different seasons. The study utilized remote cameras deployed at 29 fresh wolf kills, and Bayesian generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were constructed to analyze the use of these kills by both wolves and wolverines
Replication Data for: Spirocyclic pyrrolidinyl nitroxides with exo-methylene substituents
No full textNitroxides are stable organic radicals with exceptionally long lifetimes, which render them uniquely suitable as observable probes or polarising agents for spectroscopic investigation of biomolecular structure and dynamics. Radical-based probes for biological applications are ideally characterized by both robustness towards reductive degradation and beneficial electron spin relaxation parameters. These properties are largely influenced by the molecular structure of the nitroxide scaffold, and also by the conformations it prefers to adopt. In this study we present the synthesis of the first nitroxides based on a spirocyclic pyrrolidine scaffold with an exocyclic methylene substituent. Results presented in this work suggest that this new family of nitroxides can provide access to multifunctionalized probes and polarising agents suitable for use in biological environments.
This dataset contains raw files and analysis reports of 1HNMR, 13CNMR f all compounds synthesized for and used in work Spirocyclic pyrrolidinyl nitroxides with exo-methylene substituents. Moreover, copies of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry are included for novel compounds.
For nitroxides raw files of X-band CW-EPR spectra, kinetic runs based on CW-EPR spectra and Q-band EPR relaxation measurements are included. Dataset is completed with X-ray crystallography CIF files and raw cyclic voltammograms
Replication Data for: Phthalate contamination in marine mammals off the Norwegian coast
No full textThis data has been published in Marine Pollution bulletin, doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115936
Phthalates are used in plastics, found throughout the marine environment and have the potential to cause adverse health effects. In the present study, we quantified blubber concentrations of 11 phthalates in 16 samples from stranded and/or free-living marine mammals from the Norwegian coast: the killer whale (Orcinus orca), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas), white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris), harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), and harbour seal (Phoca vitulina). Five compounds were detected across all samples: benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP; in 50 % of samples), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP; 33 %), diisononyl phthalate (DiNP; 33 %), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP; 19 %), and dioctyl phthalate (DOP; 13 %). Overall, the most contaminated individual was the white-beaked dolphin, whilst the lowest concentrations were measured in the killer whale, sperm whale and long-finned pilot whale. We found no phthalates in the neonate killer whale. The present study is important for future monitoring and management of these toxic compounds
Supporting Data for: Variations in deep-sea methane seepage linked to millennial-scale changes in bottom water temperatures ~50–6 ka, NW Svalbard margin, doi:10.1038/s41598-024-72865-3
No full textThis dataset contains oxygen and carbon stable isotopes (δ18O and δ13C) data, percentage of planktic and benthic foraminiferal species, and bottom water temperatures calculated from transfer functions on benthic foraminiferal census data measured in core HH12-940PC from Vestnesa Ridge (West Svalbard, 79.04°N; 6.89°E; 1273 m water depth). The record covers the last 50,000 to 6,300 years
Abstract: During the last glaciation, the northern hemisphere experienced profound millennial-scale changes (termed Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events) in atmospheric and oceanic temperatures. In the North Atlantic, the fluctuations resulted in extremely unstable bottom water conditions with bottom water temperatures (BWT) varying up to >5 °C. We have studied these changes in a core from 1,300 m water depth at Vestnesa Ridge, northwestern Svalbard margin to investigate a possible connection between BWT and seepage of methane from the seafloor covering the period ~50–6 ka. Beneath Vestnesa Ridge, gas hydrates containing vast amounts of methane are kept stable due to the high pressure and low temperatures. Release of gas is shown by numerous pockmarks on the seafloor. The pockmarks at 1,300 m water depth are presently inactive, but they bear witness of earlier activity. Our study shows that from ~50–6 ka, the core site experienced repeated increases in BWT and in the emissions of gas, both following the pattern of the DO events. This correspondence in time scale indicates that BWT was the primary forcing factor for the variability in methane release. However, the releases were delayed by up to >1,000 years compared to the initial increase in BWT.This dataset contains oxygen and carbon stable isotopes (δ18O and δ13C) data, percentage of planktic
and benthic
foraminiferal species, and bottom water temperatures calculated from transfer functions on benthic
foraminiferal census data measured in core HH12-940PC from Vestnesa Ridge (West Svalbard,
79.04°N; 6.89°E; 1273 m water depth). The record covers the last 50,000 to 6,300 years
Data repository for: Relative sea-level trends in southern Norway during the last millennium
No full textThis dataset contains all supplementary data for: Relative sea-level trends in southern Norway during the last millennium.
It is organized as follows:
- 01 - Tidal data October to December 2023
- 02 - Stable isotopes of surface transect and TV-1
- 03 - Salinity measurements of surface transect
- 04 - Grain size TV-1
- 05 - LOI and DBD TV-2
- 06 - XRF and PCA TV-1
- 07 - Chronology TV-1
- 08 - Accretion rates TV-1
- 09 - All data vs modelled age
- 10 - QAnalySeries inputs and results
- 11 - Quantitative comparison data LOI and PC2Geological reconstructions of relative sea-level (RSL) from southern Norway show falling RSL during the last 7000 cal. a BP, but tide gauge measurements document a slow RSL rise since at least 1960 CE. With an age gap of c. 1400 years between the youngest geologically-reconstructed sea-level index point (SLIP) and the installation of the Tregde tide gauge in southernmost Norway, the exact nature and timing of the onset of RSL rise in southern Norway remains unknown. To fill this gap, we collected peat cores from a salt marsh to reconstruct RSL trends over the past 1000 years using a multiproxy approach, including 210Pb and 14C dating, grain-size analysis, loss-on-ignition (LOI), geochemistry (stable carbon isotopes, carbon/nitrogen ratios and XRF) and diatoms. Our data suggest decreasing tidal current strength and salinity over most of the last millennium, suggesting falling RSL. Sediment geochemistry also appears to vary with wetter and drier climatic periods. An increase in marine-brackish diatoms in combination with an acceleration in sedimentation rates after 1930 CE (1899-1954 CE) suggest that the onset of RSL rise began around this time in southernmost Norway. While most of the proxy data appear to have delayed sensitivity to RSL changes and may be linked to other causal processes, they, nonetheless, provide valuable insight into the environmental response of high-latitude temperate salt marshes to slow rates of RSL change
Replication Data for: Trail cameras can greatly inflate nest predation rates
No full textThese datasets and R-script relate to the analyses of a two year Tundra experiment that aimed to assess the effect of using trail-cameras on artificial nests to document predator identity and their predation rates. This study is published in The Journal of Wildlife Management.
ABSTRACT
Photographic monitoring currently provides the most accurate means for identifying nest predators and eventually their role in bird population declines worldwide. However, previous studies have found that such monitoring with use of commercially -available trail cameras represent an artificial structure near nests that often tendd to negatively bias predation rates, likely through predator neophobia. Based on an experiment in Arctic tundra, involving 50 artificial nests and 30 cameras in each of 2 breeding seasons, we here demonstrated that trail cameras rather attractedattracted corvids (in particular ravens), which caused an extreme andly, positively biased predation rate that was consistent over a range of experimental and environmental conditions. We call for new technologies that allow for photographic monitoring of bird nests with minimal visual footprints, in the form of smaller cameras and more efficient internal batteries to minimize novel and conspicuous external features detectable by predators. However, even such improved devices need to be assessed with respect to potential effects on nest predation in each case.
KEYWORDS Arctic tundra, bird population decline, climate change, corvids, monitoring, raven