University of Ibadan Journals
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SOCIO-EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS OF POVERTY REDUCTION AND DEMOCRATIC EXPERIMENT IN NIGERIA: A CRTIIQUE
Get PDFThis paper addressed the issue of socio-educational implications of poverty reduction in the process of democratizing Nigerian society. The study observed that poverty is a living condition in Nigeria, so its alleviation is indispensable under the present democratic experiment. To this end, the paper discusses the various poverty reduction programmes of the government by highlighting their impacts and the socio-educational implications on the masses. But given the capitalist nature of the Nigerian society, there is no assurance that poverty reduction exercise can ever be successful. The persistent of poverty presently in Nigeria, it is evident, is not the absence of programmes aimed at its reduction, it is rather the result of their failure. However, there is a very high probability that with the present democratic experiment and Nigeria’s political will, the government can initiate and implement programme that could help in poverty reduction. The paper concludes that the starting point for a successful poverty reduction is from using functional education methods to attack the socio-cultural dimension of poverty problem.
 
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS ONLINE INTERACTION: ISSUES OF GENDER AND AREA OF SPECIALISATION
Get PDFInteraction has continued to occupy strategic position in online teaching and learning at all levels of education. Unlike the conventional method of teaching where interaction is noticeably present among all elements in teaching-learning process, the physical contact between students and instructor in virtual learning environment is usually at the minimal level. Therefore, the level of interaction remains a viable parameter to determine the success or otherwise of any online instruction. However, several factors could hinder effective interaction between learners and instructor in an online learning environment. This study examined the influence of gender and area of specialization of pre-service teachers on their level of participation in online learning. The findings showed that gender had no influence on the extent of online interaction of pre-service teachers across all the departments. However, the area of specialization of pre-service teachers had significant influence of 0.02, which indicated that teaching subject areas could go a long way in determining the extent of interaction in virtual learning environment
SCHOOL SIZE AND QUALITY OF GRADUATES OUTPUT IN OYO AND EKITI STATE COLLEGES OF EDUCATION
Get PDFRegular increase in school size and output of graduate are necessary for proper functioning of a school system. The so call increase in output has negative effect on graduate quality output. School size in most developing countries, especially Nigeria has been very unstable. The reduced in graduate quality output is as a result of increase in population and inability of students to gain access to uni8versity. It is against this that this study investigated the influence of School Size on quality of Graduate Output of Colleges of Education in Ekiti and Oyo States. Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and a simple random sampling technique were used to select the sample for the study in the following ranges: 1,009 respondents randomly selected for the study from 10,749 population. 20 respondents were systematically selected from each department of 5 departments randomly selected each from five schools. Four research questions were raised. Data were collected through a structured Questionnaire which had been subjected to test retest to determine 0.76 coefficients using Cronbach alpha reliability formula. Data generated were analized using descriptive satistics of frequency count, simple percentage In the light of this, the following were discovered: Increase School Size in Colleges of Education in Oyo and Ekiti States which bring about congested lecture room has influence on the graduate output. There is no significant difference in the School culture of Colleges of Education in Oyo and Ekiti States with their graduates output. There is no significant difference in the infrastructural facilities of Colleges of Education in Oyo and Ekiti States with their graduate outputs. The study concluded that the increase in School Size has negative influence on the graduates’ output of the Colleges of Education. Therefore, it is recommended that there is need for recruitment of more academic Staff for Colleges of Education, provision of more teaching/learning facilities for lectures
INFLUENCE OF SELF-EFFICACY AND SOCIAL SUPPORT ON PATIENTS’ PHYSICAL WELL-BEING IN SELECTED STATE HOSPITALS IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThe problems associated with physical well-being of the patients in Nigeria health care settings are numerous and compounding, many of these stem from unresolved psychosocial issues. This study, therefore, examined influence of self-efficacy and social support on the patients’ physical well-being in selected state hospitals in Oyo state, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study and 400 patients were purposively selected from 10 state hospitals in Oyo state. Only 370 questionnaires were completed and returned. Four different standardized scales namely WHO’s Well-being Scale, Stanford Binet Patient Disease Scale for Self- efficacy, the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (ipq-r), and Social Support Scale with test-retest reliability co-efficient of r=0.71, 0.79, 0.76 and r= 0.89 respectively, were adapted for the study. The data were analyzed using the chi-square statistical tool at 0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that self-efficacy significantly physical well-being of both in-patients and out-patients (x2=21.779, df =2, p<0.05). The findings also revealed that there was no significant relationship between social support and patients’ level of physical well-being (x2=5.849, df = 4, p=0.211 at p>0.05).The result of the third hypothesis showed that patients’ perception of symptoms influenced level of physical well-being (Cal-t = 9.869, p=0.007 at p<0.05).The study concluded that perception of symptoms had significant influence on the physical well-being of the patients. A robust sense of self-efficacy is needed to recover from any form of ailment. It is, therefore, recommended that the Nigerian heath practitioners and other care-givers should embrace the involvement of the family members as part of the treatment part to provide adequate emotional support for the patients rather than stressing the significance of their financial involvement. Services of the professional social workers should be engaged in every state hospital to facilitate adequate quality of life of patients, the entire family and the larger community
PEACE ASSURANCE IN NIGERIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES: A DISCOURSE
Get PDFExistence of peace in any establishment, including public universities is fundamental to the achievement of the aims and objectives and assurance of sustainability of the organization involved. Peace is a condition that guarantees positive and lasting social conditions for justice, equity and respect for human rights based on values of non-violence, social justice, freedom, trust, equity, responsibility and solidarity. Using secondary sources of information, the paper identified corrupt practices, lack of accountability, poor learning environment, problem of insecurity, lack of emphasis on spiritual dimension, political instability, differences in perception, influence of drug, shortage of infrastructural facilities, low carrying capacity as the major factors that hinder peace in the nation’s government universities. Therefore, the paper recommended that commitment to the goals of the universities concerned, adoption of democratic leadership style, creation of effective channel of communication, adoption of better means of managing conflicts, training of students and staff on peace maintenance, ensuring effective screening of students before offering them admissions by authorities of public universities are highly necessary in order to nip in the bud the inhibiting factors for existence of peace in Nigerian government universities
MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES AND JOB SATISFACTION OF SCIENCE TEACHERS IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IBADAN METROPOLIS, OYO STATE
Get PDFMotivation is one of the greatest challenges facing class-teachers across the globe because it influences teacher’s performance as well as satisfaction and thus the extent to which the school management is able to achieve its objectives and justify its existence. The study investigated the extent to which motivational strategies correlates with job satisfaction of science teachers in senior secondary schools in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo state. The study is a descriptive design of the survey. Two hundred 200 class teachers were randomly selected from the public secondary schools in Ibadan Metropolis. The teachers were drawn from 20 public senior secondary schools out of a total of 82secondary schools in Ibadan Metropolis. One research question and four research hypotheses were used for the study. A validated instrument guided the study with reliability coefficient of 0.72 were use. Data were analysed using Pearson Product moment correlation and multiple regressions. Results indicated a significant relationship between Attending educational seminars and conference and job satisfaction of science teachers in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State (r= 0.635, N= 194, p < 0.05) ; revealed a significant relationship between attending of Workshop and in-service training programme and Job satisfaction of Science Teachers in public senior secondary schools (r= 0.643,N=194, p< 0.05) : both variables jointly explain 35.4% of the variance observed in Job satisfaction of Science Teachers in public senior secondary school and it was statistically significant at F (df = 3, 191) =34.394.There is the need to enhance the quality of science teachers in senior secondary schools. Most schools have qualified and experienced teachers who should be encouraged to engage in in-service training through sandwich programmes currently available in most universities. This must be supported by government and other employers of teachers. Teachers should be encouraged to attend conferences, workshops and seminars to polished and enhance their skills. Government should provide science equipment in schools and the laboratory should be properly equipped. More funds should be allocated to the education sectors of the country not only to provide training for the teachers, but to also develop facilities that would create a friendly environment
INFLUENCE OF INSTRUCTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE SPACE PLANNING ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOLS PUPILS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study examined the influence of instructional space planning and administrative space planning on pupils’ academic achievement in mathematics among primary school pupils in Lagos state. The targeted population of this study was all the teachers and primary school pupils in 66 pubic primary schools from which a sample of 103 mathematics teachers and 850 primary school pupils was selected using stratified and proportionate random sampling methods. The research design for this study was a descriptive research design. A self-structured questionnaire titled “Instructional and Administrative Space Planning Questionnaire” (IASPQ) was used, validated and reliability coefficient was 0.97 and 0.72 respectively and 0.84 for academic achievement. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study at 0.05 level of significance. Data collected were analyzed using standard deviation and inferential statistics such as multiple regressions. Results indicated a significant combined influence of instructional and administrative space planning on academic achievement in mathematics among public primary school pupils (F(1,102)= 321.412. p< 0.05). Results also indicated a significant relative influence of instructional space planning and administrative space planning indices on academic achievement in mathematics in public primary school (b=0.34, t(103)= 4124, P< 0.05) and b = 0.23, t(103) = 6.213, p< 0.05) respectively. In conclusion, it was observed that instructional space planning and administrative space planning influence academic achievement in mathematics among primary school pupils in Lagos. Based on the findings, it was recommended that modern classroom learning environment as well as the mathematics laboratory is conducive and adequate means of ventilation should be provided in order to keep the pupil hygienically sound and healthy in the school
HIGHER EDUCATION’S CONSCIOUSNESS TO EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS: PANACEA TO GRADUATE UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA
Get PDFToday, employability skills are the most required skills in the labour market in an attempt to get job and sustain it. Regrettably, graduates from Nigerian universities lack the needed skills to enter into the workforce due to the skill-deficiency in the higher institutions’ curricula. Many concerned individuals observed that the rate of unemployment was increasing because most graduates in the country lack the needed skills for employment. No wonder, the Labour statistics report of Nigeria during the fourth quarter, 2017 had it that 7.9 million Nigerian youths were currently unemployed. The Malaysian graduates faced such problems some years back, and their government intervened by rolling out several programmes and initiatives to combat lack of employability skills. Learning from the Malaysia employability initiatives; National Higher Education Strategic Plan (NHESP) and National Higher Education Action Plan (NHEAP) were introduced by the government to transform higher education system, and the situation changed for the better in the country. Nigeria government can take a leaf from this. This paper therefore recommended that, the Nigerian government should learn from the likes of Malaysia, Thailand, and the USA as how ro tackle the challenges of graduate employability so as to reduce unemployment among the graduates
ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF YOUTHS TOWARDS PREVENTION OF HIV/AIDS IN IDO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of youths towards prevention of HIV/AIDS in Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State. The study adopted descriptive research design. The population comprised of all the senior secondary school students in Ido Local Government area of Oyo State. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select all the participants for this study, while the instrument used to generate data was a self-developed structured questionnaire with a reliability co-efficient of 0.84. The data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics of Pearson Product Moment correlation and multiple regression at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that knowledge was significantly and positively correlated with practice of youth towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS (r=0.261, N=100, p<0.05). The study also revealed that attitude was significantly and positively correlated with practice of youth towards the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Ido Local Government Area (r=0.314, N=100, p<0.05). Based on the findings, it was therefore, recommended that counselling of HIV patients to disclose their status should be continuous. Programmes geared towards behavioural change, should be organized for youths in the society. There should be open communication between youths and the community opinion leaders, counselors and other service providers on the implications of involvement in unprotected sex
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT OF STATE UNIVERSITIES IN NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study assessed the relationship between planning and management of state universities in North Central Zone of Nigeria. Two objectives with corresponding two research questions and hypotheses were raised to guide the study. The study used correlational survey research design. The population of the study consisted of 4,250 academic staff drawn from 36 faculties in all the 6 state universities in North Central Zone of Nigeria. The total sample size of the study consisted of 788 academic staff drawn from 15 faculties in 6 state universities in the study area using multi-stage and simple random sampling techniques. Lecturers Questionnaire on Planning and Management of State Universities’ (LQSPMSU) was the instrument used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of 12 items. The instrument yielded 0.82 as the logical validity index. The instrument also yielded 0.75 as coefficient of internal consistency. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were employed to answer the research questions while, Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there was a significant relationship between enrolment planning and management of state universities in North Central Zone of Nigeria (r-cal of 0.68>r-table of 0.16) and there was a significant relationship between staff planning and management of state universities in North Central Zone of Nigeria (r-cal of 0.70>r-table of 0.16). The study recommended that the Academic Planning Units of all the state universities in North Central Zone of Nigeria need to assess the available human and non-human resources periodically to ensure that admission of students in each academic session do not exceed the available resources