University of Ibadan Journals
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AN EXPOSITION OF THE LEGAL ISSUES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH RECORDS IN NIGERIA
Get PDFLike personnel, equipment and facilities, records constitute a crucial factor in healthcare delivery. Timely availability of records and the proper capturing of data relating to patients depend on the efficiency of the records management system of a health institution. Besides, pertinent legal issues arise in the management of health records which health records managers must be abreast of so as not to run foul of the law and/or involve their healthcare institutions in legal liability. This paper, therefore, focuses on legal issues associated with various aspects of health records management like access, patient’s confidentiality and records retention with a view to bringing them to the attention of those involved in health records management in healthcare institutions in Nigeria. It examines the general principles of law governing health records management and also makes reference to the provisions of relevant laws in Nigeria and elsewhere. It concludes that the law relating to some of these aspects is still evolving in Nigeria as specific legislations on them are absent compared to what obtains in some developed countries. Finally, it calls on stakeholders in the field of health records management to forge a common front to help develop the law in the field as a basis for providing guidelines for healthcare institutions in the management of their health records.
 
EFFECTS OF NON-PARTICIPATION IN DECISION – MAKING ON THE JOB SATISFACTION OF SENIOR ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF OF CROSS RIVER UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY CALABAR, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study investigated the effects of non-participation in decision – making on the job satisfaction of senior administrative staff of Cross River University of Technology. A survey research design was adopted in this study. Two hypothesis were formulated to direct the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 120 subjects of the study. A nineteen-item questionnaire on the effect of non-participation of senior staff was used as the instrument for the study. Simple percentage ad frequencies statistical tools were used to test the hypothesis. The result showed that, participation in decision-making, approaches to decision making and the administrative style of the University management have a significant effect on the quality of decisions and staff job satisfaction. Recommendations were made based on the findings of the study, university authority should employ warm relationship with senior administrative staff. They should encourage group participation and regular meeting with staff to improve job satisfaction
THE PARADOX OF NIGERIA HIGHER EDUCATION AND THE EMPLOYMENT PROBLEM AMONG YOUTHS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Get PDFThis paper examined the problem relating to higher education and youth employment in the Nigerian labour market. The national survey data obtained from the Bureau of Statistics and other relevant government data bank formed the source of information for the research questions raised in the study. The data were analysed using the simple descriptive statistics. Findings showed that the signals from the Nigerian labour market were becoming more precarious than ever before owing to the growing unemployment problem among youth graduates from the various higher institutions of learning. It revealed that there was a paradox between Nigerian higher education and the labour market. The paradox was that, while graduates supply increased from the various higher institutions over time, there were shortages of relevant and required labour force needed by the labour market for meaningful development. The study concluded that there was a growing mismatch between higher education output and the labour market demand. It therefore recommends that higher education should respond to the changing challenges by directing attention to generic competencies and skill development of students and prepare them for the growing globalisation beyond the usual classroom teaching and learnin
SCHOOL CLIMATE AS A DETERMINANT OF TEACHERS’ EFFECTIVENESS IN EKITI STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Get PDFThe study examined school climate as a determinant of teachers’ effectiveness in Ekiti State Secondary Schools. It was a survey research. Three hundred teachers were randomly sampled from six secondary schools in the three senatorial districts that make up Ekiti State. The respondents were given copies of questionnaires tagged “School Climate and Teacher Effectiveness”. The data were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, means, standard deviation, t-test statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. Findings of the study found the controlled school climate as the predominant climate in schools. It was also found out in the study that the level of teachers’ effectiveness was low and that, there was significant relationship between school climate and teachers’ effectiveness; and also, a significant difference was found between teachers effectiveness in schools having open climate and schools having controlled climate. It was therefore recommended based on the findings that conducive climate which can enhance teachers’ effectiveness should be provided in schools by all the stakeholders in education
MATHEMATICS SELF-EFFICACY, TEST ANXIETY AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS MATHEMATICS: RELATIONSHIP TO MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Get PDFThe study examined the relationship among mathematics self-efficacy, test anxiety and attitude towards mathematics on mathematics achievement of secondary school students. A sample of 200 senior secondary school 2 (SS2) students participated. Their age ranged between 12 and 17 years with mean age of 14.5 years. Data collected involved the use of three valid and reliable instruments to assess mathematics self-efficacy, test anxiety and attitude towards mathematics while mathematics achievement test was used as a measure of achievement. Multiple regression analysis was used to treat the data. The results obtained indicated that mathematics self-efficacy, attitude towards mathematics and test anxiety were potent predictors mildly associated to mathematics achievement. The implications of the findings for counselling practice, teachers and other stakeholders to promote positive attitudes towards mathematics were discussed
RESEARCH IN AFRICAN HIGHER EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR REFORM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Get PDFHigher Education in Africa has made little progress in respect of fulfilling their mandates and missions to generate applied and policy-relevant knowledge as inputs to sustainable national development process. This is attributable to research output, which has lagged behind their training accomplishments. In making these claims, and considering the fact that research is a defining character of higher education and the moving force behind the socio-economic, political, scientific and technological development of any nation, the paper starts by discussing the concept of research. This is followed by an assessment of the importance of research in the overall development of the economies of nations and the global community. It then ex-rays the challenges to research in higher education in Africa. Thereafter, it discusses the management opportunities for research in African higher education for reform and sustainable development. The paper concludes by calling on leaders of African countries and the management of higher educational institutions to adopt, monitor and implement policies that will enhance research amongst other reforms for sustainable development in Africa.
 
CONFLICT: CAUSES, EFFECTS AND MANAGEMENT
Get PDFThe paper attempts to explore the causes of conflicts and the effects that poorly managed conflict could have on the society. It establishes that while conflict is a usual phenomenon in any human environment, violence is destructive and unusual and conflicts should not be allowed to degenerate into violence. Skilfully managed conflicts can propel development in any human environment, but violence can lead to disintegration and destruction. Four methods of handling conflicts are discussed, each method having an implication on the outcome of conflict. Furthermore, the components of the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) are discussed. The advantages of the ADR which accounted for its growing popularity globally over the adversarial court system are emphasized. Finally, the paper examines the role of youths in peace building and advocates for integration of peace education into the curricular of the educational institutions for the benefit of the youth
SEX EDUCATION, A STRATEGY FOR SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIS) REDUCTION IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study examined sex education as a strategy for the reduction of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents. Adolescents today are faced with modernisation which has impacted negative on their lives. It highlighted what sex education entailed to avoid high percentage of sexually -transmitted diseases(STDs) among adolescents, under-aged mothers dying at child-birth and high rate of deaths among female youths due to abortion. Sex education for the awareness of adolescents to guide them against the risks attached to unguarded sexual activities is required. A structured survey instrument was used in collecting data from a sample of 484 respondents for the study. Data generated were analysed using frequency distribution and Pearson coefficient correlation analysis. The findings revealed that there was significant relationship between sex education / awareness and knowledge of STIs reduction. It was also established that there was no significant relationship between sex education / awareness and attitude towards the reduction of STIs. The findings also revealed that there was a significant relationship between sex education / awareness of STIs reduction and reproductive behaviour of the adolescents. It is, therefore, recommended that the media should be used as a medium of campaign to educate adolescents about risky behaviours and to embrace the use of condoms, educating parents about reproductive health and encouraging communication with adolescents, training medical providers in low-cost diagnosis and treatment techniques, and establishing youth-friendly services that emphasise sensitivity and confidentiality. This would be helpful in reducing high-risk sexual behaviour and controlling the spread of STDs (including HIV and AIDs) among adolescents in Nigeria
PREVALENCE OF HIV AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITED INFECTIONS AMONG SEX WORKERS IN IBADAN, NIGERIA
Get PDFA cross-sectional survey was conducted among commercial sex workers (SWs) in Ibadan Oyo State of Nigeria to estimate rates of HIV infection and sexually transmitted infection (STIs) and document their sexual behaviour patterns from December 2008 to December 2009. SWs were recruited by the random sampling technique and were interviewed at their working environments anonymously. This strategy resulted in high rates of response (89%) and concordance (93%) to sensitive questions. A total of 312 SWs were enrolled. SWs were positive for anti-bodies to HIV in oral fluids (prevalence of HIV infection, 1.6% and0.3%, respectively). A history of STIs was reported by 38% of the SWs. Most SWs (68%) reported inconsistent condom use. Five percent of SWs recognized their clients as drug users. A few SWs (1.5%) were injecting drug users, of whom 2 reported incidents of sharing needles/syringes with other injecting drug users. Inconsistent use of condoms and a high level of STIs underscore the urgent need to implement intervention strategies and use of female condom promotion, particularly among sex workers in Nigeria
EXAMINATION MALPRACTICES IN NIGERIA SECONDARYSCHOOLS: CAUSES, EFFECTS AND WAY FORWARD
Get PDFThe standard of Nigerian secondary education is in a state of incredibility and this has led to the non-authenticity of certificates issued to the school leavers at the secondary level over decades. This study examines the examination malpractices with focus on secondary education in line with Nigeria current situation. The theoretical research methodology was adopted through the uses of secondary data. Also, primary data was collected though interview methods. A total of 500 respondents were selected through simple random sampling techniques and interviewed within Ibadan Metropolis for this study. The findings of the study established that the stakeholders of education are the main sources behind this problem. It was discovered that there is poor orientation in our secondary schools and that the mass media are doing little to orientate the public and the effects of examination malpractices. It was recommended that government should provide adequate educational facilities especially well furnished spacious classrooms and examination halls) to our public secondary schools and proper orientation through the school’s counselling units and public mass media. Also, good foundation of self discipline should be provided at home by the parents. With all these, the target national educational objectives would be achieved in our secondary schools in Nigeria