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THE CHANGING ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEADERSHIP ROLES OF SECONDARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN NIGERIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Get PDFThe study examined the ever expanding roles of secondary school principals in Nigeria. This is because the leadership and administrative acumen of secondary school principals is an important determining factor of the extent to which schools achieve their set out goals and objectives. It further assessed and investigated how principals of secondary schools today can meet up with the challenges of this 21stCentury. The outcome of the study showed that principals need to be up – to – date in terms of today’s administration and management practices. Effective administration and management is also important for creating the enabling environment to enhance the achievement of maximum performance of both staff and students. School principals should be encouraged to perform well through their training and retraining via in-service programmes. The government can assist good administrative and managerial performance of principals by making available the required fund, personnel and material resources for optimal performance as at when due
IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATION POLICIES FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL EMANCIPATION IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN AKURE SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ONDO STATE
Get PDFhis paper examined the implementation of education policies for socioeconomic and political emancipation in public secondary schools in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo State. Descriptive survey research design was adapted for the study. The study population consisted of all teachers and principals in public secondary schools in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo State. Multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted to sample respondents. From each of the two education zones, ten public secondary schools were randomly selected. From each school, ten teachers and a principal were randomly selected using simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques. A total of 20 public secondary schools, 200 teachers and 20 principals were sampled for the study. A self-developed instrument titled “Implementation of Education Policies for Emancipation Questionnaire” (IEPEQ) was developed and the instrument was validated by experts at the Institute of Education, University of Ibadan. Cronbach Alpha method was used to establish the reliability of the instrument, which yielded coefficient of 0.78. The collated data were subjected to simple percentages in answering the three research questions. The findings revealed that: 74.0% and 26.0% of respondents agreed and disagreed that execution of education policies enhanced achievement of social emancipation among students respectively. Also, it was found that 47.0% respondents agreed that execution of education policies promoted achievement of economic emancipation, while 53.0% of the respondents disagreed with the view. More so, 90.50% and 0.50% agreed and disagreed that implementation of education policies promote the political emancipation respectively. Recommendations were made that the state government should provide appropriate monitoring and additional educational facilities for education policies implementation toward attainment of secondary educational objectives
TEACHERS’ MOTIVATION AS CORRELATE OF STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN MUSHIN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE
Get PDFThis study investigated teachers’ motivation as a correlate of students’ academic performance in the Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State. The design for the study was a descriptive survey type. A multi-stage Sampling Technique was adopted. However, 20 public secondary schools were randomly selected in the study area through a simple random sampling technique. ln each school, 15 teachers were selected through a simple random sampling technique. A total of two hundred (200) teachers were used for the study. A self-design instrument tagged “Teachers’ Motivation and Students Academic Performance Questionnaire (TMSAPQ)” was used to collect data. The questionnaire was divided into two (2) sections. Section A contained respondents’ data, while section B consisted of the fifteen items The format adopted for section B was the Likert scale format to which respondents were required to respond to. In consideration of content validity, the instrument was given to the experts in the field of Educational Management and evaluation for scrutiny. The test-retest method was adopted and a reliability co-efficient of 0.78 was obtained. A simple percentage was used to interpret respondents’ data used to analyze the four research questions. The findings revealed that steady salary, promotion, and loan advancement/benefits motivated teachers’ to improve students’ academic performance. It was thus suggested that state government should embrace teachers’ welfares, there should be regular payment of teachers’ salaries and benefits. Also, periodical promotion of teachers based on the agreement should be honored. All these when implemented would promote students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Lagos State
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Heterobranchus bidorsalis Inferred from Cytochrome b gene Sequences
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Mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) diversity Heterobranchus bidorsalis from Rivers Niger andBenue were studied. The mtDNA Cytochrome-b gene was inferred using 1118bp partialsequence of 27 and 8 samples from Rivers Niger and Benue Respectively. Low Guanine (13%)and higher cytosine (31%) composition were revealed. Ten haplotypes(MG334177 toMG334186)were distinguished. River Niger samples had seven unique haplotypes while twohaplotypes were shared among the two populations. Low nucleotide (0.0008 – 0.001) and high(0.67 – 0.68) haplotype diversity were recorded .F 's (-0.02966 to 0.000) was non-significant (p ST>0.05) among the populations. AMOVA(– 2.97%)shows no genetic structure between thepopulations. Tajima's D and Fu's FS neutrality tests suggested recent population growth for thepopulations. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed monophyletic relationship among thepopulations. Analysis of data demonstrated suitability of partial Cytochrome b sequence indetermining the genetic diversity in H. bidorsalis and provides new information for the species'conservation and exploitatio
The Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Fungal Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum) Products on the Shelf-Life of Hot Smoked Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
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Garlic powder was obtained through dry blending and sun-drying while garlic paste was produced by hand grating. Garlic oil was extracted from fresh garlic through hydro-distillation process. Ninety freshly killed Clarias gariepinus(250±20 g were procured and were gutted, washed, and spices with garlic paste, powder and oil. Fifteen fish samples were treated with garlic paste at three different concentrations (0, 10 and 30 g garlic paste/kg of fish). Each garlic paste concentration was applied to five fish. A similar process was used for the treatment of gutted fish samples in garlic powder (3 experimental units) and garlic oil (3 experimental units). The experimental setup is as follows: fifteen fish samples were spiced with garlic paste at 0 grams garlic paste/kg of fish (control), 10 grams garlic paste/kg of fish and 30 grams garlic paste/kg of fish. Another fifteen gutted fish samples were spiced with garlic powder at a concentration of 0 grams garlic powder/kg of fish (control), 5 grams garlic powder/kg of fish and 10 grams garlic powder/kg of fish. The last set of experimental unit had fifteen gutted fish samples treated with garlic oil at a concentration of 0 ml garlic oil/kg of fish (control), 1 ml garlic oil/kg of fish and 1.5 ml garlic oil/kg of fish. The treatments were replicated twice. The fish o were smoked using a gas-powered smoking kiln at 85 C for 6 hours. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), peroxide value (PV), microbiological and sensory analyses were performed to investigate quality changes and to determine the shelf stability of the products. The lowest TBA(23.02 ± 3.14 MDA/kg) and Peroxide (10.46 ± 2.31 mEq/kg) values were recorded in 1.0 ml garlic extract (oil) treated samples, while the highest TBA(31.27 ± 5.01 MDA/kg) and peroxide value (14.25 ± 3.41 mEq/kg) occurred in the control. However, TBA value, peroxide value and microbial count were not significantly different (P>0.05) among the treatments. Organoleptic assessment among treatments was significant (p<0.05). The study showed that garlic products could extend shelf life of Clarias gariepinus
Effect of Aquaculture Wastewater on the Growth of Two Leafy Vegetables (Celosia argentea and Corchorus olitorius)
No full textAbstract Aquaponics, a bio-integrated system that links aquaculture with agriculture appear to be an excellent way of disposing aquaculture wastewater, saving water, and providing liquid fertilizers to agricultural crops. This study was carried out to evaluate aquaculture wastewater performance on two vegetable (Celosia argentea and Corchorus olitorius) compared with production using poultry manure. Two treatments were used in the production of the two leafy vegetables between March and May, 2015. Aquaculture waste was manually collected from the culture of Heteroclarias, the hybrid of {Clarias gariepinus (9 ) x Heterobranchus bidorsalis (d ) (CG X HB)} and supplied to the crops (Treatment 1). The second group (Treatment 2) was grown using poultry manure which was constantly mixed with tap water before application and the control was grown using only tap water. All plants were grown in silt soil — no nutrient. Growth parameters of the plants were measured at harvest to examine the effects of each treatment. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in growth rates of Corchorus olitorius for both treatments (aquaponics and poultry manure) but a significantly (p<0.05) higher growth rate in aquaponics than poultry manure system in Celosia argentea production. The study showed that Celosia argentea and Corchorus olitorius may be grown in an aquaponic system at rates comparable to conventional vegetable (crop) production (using poultry manure), as long as fish stocking densities are high enough
Effects of Varying Levels of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf Powder on Growth Performance and Feed Utilization of Heterobranchus bidorsalis Fingerlings
Get PDFAbstractGrowth performance and feed utilization of Heterobranchus bidorsalis fingerlings fedvarying inclusion levels of diets supplemented with Ocimum gratissimum leaf powder wereassessed in the study. Apparently healthy H. bidorsalis fingerlings (12.05g ± 0.01) wererandomly divided into five treatment groups representing iso-nitrogenous diets (about 40%crude protein) containing varying inclusion levels 0g/100g (control), 0.5g/100g, 1.0g/100g,1.5g/100g, and 2.0g/100g of O. gratissimum leaves denoted as CTR, OG1, OG2, OG3 andOG4 respectively. The fish were fed these diets for 70 days in triplicate. The experimentalfish were randomly distributed into fifteen plastic tanks of dimension 40 ×30×35cm3 at astocking density often fish pertank.Heterobranchus bidorsalisfingerlingsfed 1.5g/100g diet ofO. gratissimum recorded the best growth performance in terms of body weight gain, feedconversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR). There was a significant increase ingrowth and nutritional performance of H. bidorsalis fingerlings with increasing inclusion of O.4 3 2gratissimum leaves (P<0.05). A differential equation (y = -15.227x + 53.533x - 54.453x +17.887x + 22.07; R² = 1) showed that highest weight gain occurred at O. gratissimum level ofapproximately 1.65 g/100g. The study therefore showed that O. gratissimum leaves as an additivesignificantlyimprovedgrowth and feed utilizationparametersinthe treatedgroups.AbstractGrowth performance and feed utilization of Heterobranchus bidorsalis fingerlings fedvarying inclusion levels of diets supplemented with Ocimum gratissimum leaf powder wereassessed in the study. Apparently healthy H. bidorsalis fingerlings (12.05g ± 0.01) wererandomly divided into five treatment groups representing iso-nitrogenous diets (about 40%crude protein) containing varying inclusion levels 0g/100g (control), 0.5g/100g, 1.0g/100g,1.5g/100g, and 2.0g/100g of O. gratissimum leaves denoted as CTR, OG1, OG2, OG3 andOG4 respectively. The fish were fed these diets for 70 days in triplicate. The experimentalfish were randomly distributed into fifteen plastic tanks of dimension 40 ×30×35cm3 at astocking density often fish pertank.Heterobranchus bidorsalisfingerlingsfed 1.5g/100g diet ofO. gratissimum recorded the best growth performance in terms of body weight gain, feedconversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR). There was a significant increase ingrowth and nutritional performance of H. bidorsalis fingerlings with increasing inclusion of O.4 3 2gratissimum leaves (P<0.05). A differential equation (y = -15.227x + 53.533x - 54.453x +17.887x + 22.07; R² = 1) showed that highest weight gain occurred at O. gratissimum level ofapproximately 1.65 g/100g. The study therefore showed that O. gratissimum leaves as an additivesignificantly improved growth and feed utilization parameters in the treated groups
Ultimate Bounded-ness of Periodic Solutions of A Class of Lienard Type p- Laplacian Equation with Multiple Deviating Arguments
Get PDFIn this article, we investigate quite formally the existence of solutions followed by investigating theultimate bounded-ness of the following Lienard type p-Laplacian equation with multiple deviatingarguments :(p(x0))0 + f1(x)(p(x0))2 + f2(x)(p(x0))+(t)Xni=1g(t; x(t .. i(t))) = e(t)9>=>;(L)Zwhere > 0; f1; f2; e 2 C(RI ;RI ); (t) > 0; i(t) > 0 are two T-periodic functions with T0e(t)dt = 0; T > 0, g(t; x)is continuous and g(t; :) = g(t + T; :) and for p > 1, p : IR !IR; ((p(x0)))0 =ddtfjdxdtjp..2 dxdtg is a one-dimensional p-Laplacian. The study employs a combina-tion of the Manasevich-Mawhin continuation theorem in settling the question of existence of periodicsolutions and the Lyapunov second method in providing a framework for obtaining bounded-ness ofsuch solutions. An example illustrates our results
Microbiological and Nutritional Qualities of Moringa Oleifera Supplemented and Fermented Weaning Blends
Get PDFInfant weaning food was developed using pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), andpeanut (Arachis hypogaea L) flours. The flours were supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf powder at differentratio to produce six weaning blends. The formulated blends were subjected to spontaneous fermentation for 72hr,during which the microbiological and nutritional qualities were studied. The results of the chemical analysis showedthat the pH increases with increase in fermentation time while the total titratable acidity (TTA) decreases with littledifference in 15g and 20g supplemented blends. The total bacteria count, aerobic count and lactic acid bacteria countincreases throughout the fermentation period with count decreasing with increase in quantity of supplementation.Analysis of the proximate content revealed that increase in supplementation increased the crude fibre and ashcontents and decreased the fat content. The crude protein and fat contents was highest in PCG (17.239%; 10.256%)and the least content was recorded in PC (13.025% and 5.091%) respectively. The least bulk density (1.00g/ml),highest gross energy (35.799kcal/g) and the least pH (4.7) was recorded in sample 3 (PCGM1). Statistically, thechemical composition, proximate content and the physicochemical qualities of the formulated blends weresignificantly different (p < 0.05) from each other. As a result of the low bulk density, high energy content, least pHvalue and relatively high proximate contents with a low carbohydrate content, we therefore recommend PCGM1 i.e.5g Moringa oleifera supplementation for a high nutritional quality weaning blend
Panel Data Estimators in the Presence of Quadratic and Exponential Functional Forms of Heteroscedasticity
Get PDFThe problem of heteroscedasticity in panel data has been widely discussed in literature and has continued to attractthe attention of researchers particularly in applied econometrics. In this study, we explore two functional forms ofheteroscedasticity: Quadratic Heteroscedasticity Functional Form (QHFF) and Exponential HeteroscedasticityFunctional Form (EHFF) in a random error component model. We use one-way error component model to evaluatethese two forms of heteroscedasticity on individual effect of one error components model. In this paper, we design aMonte Carlo experiment to investigate the relative sensitivity of the following estimators: Pooled Ordinary LeastSquare (POLS), Between Group (BG), Within Group (WG) and Panel Generalize Least Square (PGLS) estimators,in the presence QHFF and EHFF on individual effect. The Monte Carlo experiments follow closely that of [1] and[2]. Using purposedly cross-sectional units, N ?10,30,50and time periods T ? 5,15,20 and replication of 2500 forvarious combinations of N and T dataset were generated. R Version 2.15.2 Statistical software is used for ouranalyses. The relative performances of these estimators were assessed using Bias (BIAS) and Root Mean SquaredError (RMSE). The estimators were then ranked according to their performances. The performance of estimators inthe presence QHFF and EHFF were investigated under the finite sampling properties of Bias and RMSE, for the twoexperiments set up and estimators were ranked as follows in ascending order of their performances: PGLS, BG, WGand POLS. This result will helps in the choice of estimator in empirical work when there is presence ofheteroscedasticity