University of Ibadan Journals
Not a member yet
794 research outputs found
Sort by
Data Over-Collection Reduction Model Using Security Level Analysis and Data Access Status Technique
Get PDFIn smart Environments, different citizens tend to store data in electronic devices in order to make everythingintelligent and easy. A smartphone for example is the most widely used electronic device and it is the hinge of allsmart environs which is still not capable of handling users’ sensitive data, and they (users) face the fear of dataand privacy leakage due to data over-collection. We develop a data over-collection reduction model to reduce dataover collection in smart phones while still within permission scope. We take emphasis to the current state of dataover-collection and as well some of the most frequent data over-collected cases. We present a framework, whichis an alternative approach to that of Li, et. al. [1] (mobile-cloud framework) to reduce data over-collection. Usingour framework, the permission to data from different applications was limited to the data required by theapplication to perform its function. Also, the security risk posed by the application due to the probability of overcollecting data reduced compared to that of Li, et. al. [1]
Development of an Intelligent Model for Cardiac Arrest Prediction using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) And Machine Learning Algorithm
Get PDFPhysiological instability or abnormal vital signs such as heart beat rate, respiratory rate or blood pressure suggestsaltered physiology. It is well recognized that abnormal physiology is associated with adverse clinical outcomes.The higher physiology deviates from normal, the higher the risk of mortality such as cardiac arrest. Most Patientsshowed evidence of physiological abnormality prior to the event of the arrest. This research work is intended toprovide an improved model for the investigation and prediction of physiological characteristics of cardiac arrestvia prediction using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Machine Learning techniques. The model wasdeveloped using Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory with Conditional Random Field and a One DimensionalConvolutional Neural Network. The model takes as input a vector of the heart disease dataset and produces asoutput a classification of the prediction based on the analysed heart disease dataset. The accuracy of this researchwork is rated 98.3%. It was also discovered that the use of an autoencoder to actively learn the dataset played animportant role in the outcome of the results
Solving Travelling Salesman Problem Using an Improved Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Get PDFTravelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well-known and mostly researched problem in the field of combinatorialoptimization. In this study, an attempt was made to model an improved Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithmthat has a fast convergence speed and very good global optimization ability when solving TSP based on Nigeria52dataset. The proposed improved ACO algorithm was tested using the MATLAB (R2018a) software, with TSPconceived as a complete weighted Hamiltonian cycle of 52 cities, and with Abuja as the starting point of thesalesman's tour. The results of an improved ACO simulation show that the algorithm was able to improveconvergence by avoiding local minima with an optimal path length (cost) of 5866.9249 when the value ofexploitation (?) is less than that of exploration (?). The results also considerable improvement compared againsttradition ACO algorithm with 98% precision
ACHIEVING HIGHER PERFORMANCE AMONG STUDENTS: THE ROLE OF THE PROJECT METHOD
No full textOver time, the educational system in Nigeria had experienced grievous decadence. It is being bemoaned that appropriate teaching-learning method need to be evolved to develop an educational system that will contribute to national development. Education in this light is strategically designed to contribute directly to economic growth by improving the productive capacities of students. Although school administrators are under enormous pressure to create successful change in the education sector in Nigeria, they are typically offered few tools. The project method has been discussed as a learning model that values collaboration between practitioners and researchers; thereby instilling skills’ that ensure high performance among student
IMPROVING JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TOWARDS MATHEMATICS THROUGH BRAINSTORMING LEARNING STRATEGY: A STUDY IN SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS
Get PDFAcademic achievement stands out as one of the measures of school effectiveness; however, the poor achievement of students in school subjects like mathematics both at school and at public examinations has been a concern to mathematics educators. The failure rate may be due to students’ attitude to the subject which is likely to have its root from how the subject is taught. This study, therefore, examines the effect of brainstorming on students’ attitude in junior secondary school mathematics. The study adopted a quasi experimental design with pre test – post test control group. Two instruments: response (Student Questionnaire) and stimulus (experimental package) were used to collect data. The result shows that students exposed to brainstorming strategy developed positive attitude to mathematics than those in the control group. It is, therefore, recommended that teachers should be taught to use brainstorming strategy in the teaching mathematics in school.
 
CAUSE – EFFECT RELATIONSHIP OF EATING HABIT AND HEREDITARY ON STANDARD REFRACTION FOR VISUAL EFFICIENCY
Get PDFA vital predisposing factor for a healthy living, clear vision and improved visual efficiency IS good eating habit. Balanced food taking improved functioning mechanism of the body system, most especially the brain that controls all activation of the body system. This paper examined the cause-effect relationship that occurs between food taken and hereditary predisposing factor on standard refraction for visual efficiency of a sampled population in Oyo State. 150 undergraduate and postgraduate students were sampled for the study. Four hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Hypotheses 1 and 2 were accepted as there were no significant relationship between eating habit and visual efficiency, and eating habit and hereditary. Hypotheses 3 and 4 were rejected because there were significant differences between males and females visual efficiency levels, and symptoms and visual efficiency.
Recommendations were made to the parents, the school and the governments at various levels to introduce school feeding to enhance visual efficienc
COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH TO THE TEACHING OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES AND ITS MOTIVATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Get PDFThis study explores the communicative approach to the teaching of foreign languages. It also examines the motivational implications of the approach. The perceived ineffectiveness of earlier methods of language teaching paved way for the development of communicative language teaching method. The approach lay emphasis on communication as an ultimate goal and process of second language learning and teaching. The communicative activities that engender acquisition of skills in speaking and listening are engaged in by the learners through spontaneous guidance by the teacher, and under an autonomous atmosphere. This approach makes the learner to be self-motivated and more effective in the learning of the foreign language, thus making teaching easier
Community Education and Informed Participation in Community Development
Get PDFThis study set out to investigate the influence of community education on participation in community development project. All the Local Government Areas of Oyo State constituted the population. The study focused on thirteen randomly selected Local Government Areas of Oyo State. A total number of 2,000 participants were randomly selected in the Local Government Areas under study. The participants included Community Development Officers, Community Leaders, Adult Literacy Organizers and the beneficiaries of the Adult Literacy classes and Community Development Projects in the various centres in the selected local government areas of the state. The study adopted a survey design. A questionnaire tagged (CEFCP) Community Education for Citizen Participation was used to elicit responses from the participants. The data collected were analysed using chi-square statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The study established that community education helped get citizens properly sensitized and mobilized for effective participation in community development projects. Community education is thus seen to be participatory and transformative in nature, therefore, it is a democratic process. Community education is therefore recommended to government, voluntary and donor agencies as a catalyst for participating in community development projects
EFFECTS OF OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES AND GENDER ON STUDENTS’ ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE IN BIOLOGY
Get PDFThe research work was embarked upon with the purpose of finding out the effect of outdoor activities and gender on secondary school students’ environmental knowledge .The study was carried out on 240 senior secondary school II students from four schools in two local government areas of Ibadan in Oyo State using a pre-test, post-test control group, quasi experimental design.
The purposive sampling technique was used to assign the schools to experimental and control groups for the study. Two out of the four schools were assigned as experimental group and two as control group. Intact classes were used.
The instruments used comprises Students’ Test of Environmental Concept Knowledge in Biology (STECKB) with KR-21 of 0.8, instructional guide for teaching with outdoor activities, instructional guide for teaching with conventional method, evaluation sheet for assessing the teachers.
Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Analysis of Covariance - ANCOVA).
The main effect of gender on students environmental knowledge was significant (F=4.482 P<05).
The result of this study has shown the need for curriculum planners to include outdoor activity as one of the methods required in the curriculum, especially the student/teacher activities to bring about effective impartation of knowledge.
It also established the fact that gender had a great impact in the learning of science since the males have proved to be more predisposed to learning than the female
Research Fellow Peace and Conflict Studies Program Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
No full textThis study examined the physical and socio-cultural causes of maternal mortality in South-West Nigeria. Descriptive survey research method was used while purposive sampling technique was employed in selecting eight hundred gynaecologists, obstetricians, midwives and nurses. The instrument was a self questionnaire which was validated by using Cronbach alpha at 0.87 level of significance.
Three hypotheses were tested with non-parametric statistics of chi-square (X2) two of these hypotheses were accepted (X2) 1.62 and 2.2 while one was rejected (X2) 658.8. Based on the findings it was concluded that age has a significant factor in causes of maternal mortality while traditional and religious beliefs have no significant influence on the cause of maternal mortality