HAL Portal Cnam (French National Conservatory for Arts and Crafts)
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Exploration du lien entre l’incidence de la COVID-19 et le taux de létalité par infection lors de la première vague pandémique
No full textLes autres auteurs présents sur le DOI appartiennent au SAPRIS-SERO study group. Une demande de rectification de la liste des auteurs sur la publication pour la rendre plus lisible est en cours auprès de l'éditeur.International audienceSeveral studies found an association between COVID-19 incidence, cumulated over the first pandemic wave, and the risk of death for infected individuals. They attributed this association to hospital overload. We studied this association across the French departments using 82,467 serological samples and a hierarchical Bayesian model with spatial smoothing. In high-incidence areas, we hypothesized that hospital overload would increase infection fatality rate (IFR) without increasing infection hospitalization rate (IHR). The analyses were adjusted for intensive care beds per capita, age of the population, and diabetes prevalence (as a surrogate for obesity). We found that increasing departmental incidence from 3 to 9% rose IFR from 0.42 to 1.14% (difference 0.72%, 95% CI 0.49-1.01%), and IHR from 1.66 to 3.61% (difference 1.94%, 95% CI 1.18-2.80%). An increase in incidence from 6 to 12% in people under 60 was associated with an increased proportion of people over 60 among those infected, from 11.6 to 17.4% (difference 5.8%, 95% CI 2.9-8.8%). Higher incidence increased the risk of death for infected individuals and their risk of hospitalization by the same magnitude. These findings could be explained by a higher age among infected individuals in high-incidence areas, rather by than hospital overload
Intent-Based Approaches for Industry 4.0 Applications: A Systematic Mapping Study
No full textInternational audienc
L'inclusion des produits d'assurance-vie dans l'évaluation des actions d'une société
No full textBrève de jurisprudence américaine postée sur le site de l'IDE
A Three‐Step Interval Estimation Method for Discrete‐Time Linear Switched Systems
No full textInternational audienceThis article proposes a three‐step interval estimation method in the framework of optimization for discrete‐time switched systems. The proposed method is realized based on the observers design via reachability analysis and measurement update. To obtain interval estimation, a peak‐to‐peak index is used to improve the robustness caused by disturbances and noise. The calculation of zonotopes and boxes is used for reachability analysis. A new iterative algorithm is proposed to reduce computational complexity. For improving estimation accuracy, a method of 1‐norm optimization is proposed, which can reduce the conservatism of computing intersections
Enhancing Fuzzy Forests with Consensus Clustering for Unbiased and Robust Feature Selection
No full textInternational audienceThis study presents the Fuzzy Forests algorithm, which uses consensus clustering to improve feature selection in high-dimension data and address multicollinearity issues. While Fuzzy Forests mitigates feature selection biases, itseffectiveness relies on the clustering method used. Our proposed consensus clustering framework enhances robustness and reduces variability in results, demonstrating better feature independence through extensive simulations
Magistrature et avocature face aux algorithmes de « justice prédictive »
No full textInternational audienceLes outils d'intelligence artificielle (IA) connaissent un essor croissant dans les domaines du droit et de la justice. Ils y soulèvent des craintes d'automatisation et de remplacement des professionnel·es du droit.À partir d'une enquête de terrain, ce numéro de Connaissance de l'emploi montre pourtant que l'IA fait l'objet de résistances et d'appropriations différenciées au sein des mondes du droit. Si avocature et magistrature défendent conjointement la spécificité d'une expertise juridique non-automatisable, les particularités de l'avocature conduisent ce groupe professionnel à détourner les algorithmes de « justice prédictive » des usages imaginés par les entreprises conceptrices, pour les adapter aux besoins d'une activité libérale soumise à un marché concurrentiel
Data-driven Energy Optimization in Mobile Networks with User Experience Guarantees
No full textInternational audienceIn this paper, we model carrier shutdown in multicarrier mobile networks as a deep reinforcement learning problem. Our model takes energy-saving actions by turning off carriers and reallocating their users while in addition to maintaining connectivity guarantees a novel user experience metric. Leveraging real and recent datasets, we train and evaluate our model over realistic network scenarios. Our results show more than 15% energy saving with the fulfillment of the user experience constraints, outperforming currently deployed solutions and researched approaches in the literature by almost 50%. More interestingly our approach exhibits generalization properties, a very promising characteristic for its adoption in real mobile networks deployment
On flexible association and placement in disaggregated RAN designs
No full textInternational audienceIn Open RAN architectures, the classic gNB radio protocol stack is disaggregated into virtualized components: the Centralized Unit (CU), the Distributed Unit (DU), and the Radio Unit (RU). Each unit is deployed throughout a cloud-enabled RAN infrastructure to meet users' Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In this framework, we propose Open RAN unit placement methods that maximize User Equipment (UE) admission while ensuring their QoS needs. We focus on two primary tasks: (i) establishing UE-RU associations and (ii) placing CUs and DUs across the network's cloud hosts. We formulate the joint association-placement UE-DU-CU optimization problem as an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model and propose two resolution approaches besides the optimal one: (i) an algorithm that decomposes and sequentially solves the ILP model and (ii) a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) heuristic that emulates the joint optimization model. We assess the optimal model’s performance across varying network resource availability. Compared to baseline models, simulations demonstrate that our approaches ensure higher admissibility levels while minimizing deployment costs and increasing fairness. The RNN heuristic presents a small optimality gap, with up to 9% fewer admissions while reducing the execution time by up to 99.98%, making it suitable for real-time implementation
Invalidation judiciaire de la déchéance du terme : incidence sur l'effet interruptif de prescription du commandement de saisie-vente
No full textInternational audienc
L’expérience de deuil des jeunes adultes aidants : une étude qualitative exploratoire
No full textInternational audienceIn France, 15.9% of students (aged 18–25) provide significant and regular assistance to a sick relative and are considered young adult caregivers. While this role impacts various aspects of the young person’s life, few studies have focused on their experiences with end-of-life situations and the death of the person they care for. Fifteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with young adult caregivers to explore how they cope with the loss of the relative they were caring for. The results reveal the subjective experience of this loss and the process of establishing a new daily routine. Although the bereavement experience of young adult caregivers shares several common traits with the bereavement process of other young people, it also features specific characteristics related to caregiving and orphanhood.En France, 15,9 % des étudiants (18-25 ans) apportent une aide significative et régulière à un proche malade et sont considérés comme des jeunes adultes aidants. Alors que ce rôle influe sur les différents domaines de vie du jeune, peu de travaux s’intéressent à leur vécu des situations de fin de vie et de décès du proche aidé. 15 entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés auprès de jeunes adultes aidants afin d’explorer la manière dont ces derniers vivent le deuil du proche aidé. Les résultats révèlent le vécu subjectif de cette perte et le processus de mise en place d’un nouveau quotidien. Si l’expérience de deuil des jeunes adultes aidants présente un certain nombre de traits communs avec le processus de deuil des jeunes, elle se distingue aussi par des spécificités propres à l’aidance et à l’orphelinage