HAL Portal Cnam (French National Conservatory for Arts and Crafts)
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Femmes en informatique : les conditions du maintien d'un monopole masculin sur les professions de prestige dans le secteur de la Tech
No full textInternational audienceCe colloque propose d'analyser les effets induits par l’usage croissant des dispositifs numériques et des nouvelles technologies sur les structures de l’emploi, les organisations du travail, les conditions de travail, ainsi que sur son articulation avec la vie privée
Deformation mechanisms at the tip of internal fatigue cracks in vacuum and in the presence of an air environment in a Ti alloy
No full textInternational audienceUltrasonic fully reversed tension fatigue tests have been performed in the Very High Cycle Fatigue (VHCF) regime (Nr> 1E7 − 1E8 cycles) on Ti-6Al4V specimens containing a controlled internal notch. Two sets of samples have been used. The first one contains a central chimney along the specimen longitudinal axis which brings air to the internal notch; in the second series the notches are not connected to the surface. The microstructure present below the fracture surface of the broken specimens has been studied by electron microscopy (EBSD, TKD and TEM). The formation of nanograins and nanovoids was observed below the surface of the cracks growing in a vacuum environment but not below the surface of cracks connected with ambient air. In the latter case extensive striations were observed. Below each striation the formation of tensile {10-12} twins was observed
AD2AT: Audio Description to Alternative Text, a Dataset of Alternative Text from Movies
No full textInternational audienceAlternative text (alt text) is often mistaken for image captions. However, alt text is intended to replace an image, whereas a caption supports an image. Effective alt text is essential for enhancing visual accessibility for blind and low vision (BLV) individuals. While there has been substantial research in image captioning, this work often falls short in assessing visual accessibility needs. In this paper, we introduce AD2AT, a dataset of alt text derived from professionally tailored audio descriptions in movies. Our dataset, comprising over 3,800 text-image pairs, represents a first step toward advancing the alt text generation task and serves as a valuable resource for a range of vision-language applications. Through a qualitative analysis, we demonstrate the limitations of state-of-the-art image captioning and text generation models in producing effective alt text. We provide insights into improving alt text generation and call for future work on developing robust, context-aware models and evaluation metrics that align with accessibility guidelines, to better serve BLV users across different domains
Delphine Corteel, Faire avec les déchets. Vivre et travailler dans un monde abîmé
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Enjeux et perspectives de la transformation numérique en santé publique : vers une interprofessionnalité augmentée
No full textInternational audienceLa transformation numérique bouleverse en profondeur les modalités de collaboration entre professionnels de santé. Cette dynamique, accélérée par la crise sanitaire liée à la pandémie de COVID-19, s'impose désormais comme un levier structurant pour renforcer les pratiques interprofessionnelles. Les outils numériques -dossiers médicaux partagés, plateformes de télésanté, simulations en réalité virtuelle, visioconférences -ont démontré leur capacité à améliorer la communication, la coordination en temps réel et, dans certains contextes, la satisfaction des professionnels de santé
A Collaborative Game to Assist Veterinary Undergraduate Students in the Conceptualization of a Research Dissertation
No full textInternational audienceThe veterinary thesis, mandatory in many veterinary curricula, represents an important step in terms of students' autonomy and research-led education. The choice of the topic is crucial, especially when the student initiates it rather than accepting a teacher's proposal. To promote diverse thesis work and provide greater support to students, a collaborative game and preparatory activity have been designed with a focus on the thesis project. The game was developed to raise awareness among students about the challenges of creativity and feasibility. The training sequence began with a short presentation by the instructor about the ideation process and project management tools. Then, under the instructor supervision, the students played using a deck of cards and worksheets. In the first phase, each group of students drew four cards and used them to imagine an experimental or a clinical thesis topic. The cards represented the elements of a PICO-like question (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome). In the second phase, the groups exchanged their forms with another group, allowing them to evaluate each other's work and suggest modifications. This evaluation phase was based on “De Bono's 6 thinking hats method,” which encourages students to adopt different perspectives such as critical, creative, or objective thinking when assessing their peers' work. The student appreciation survey, conducted after the training, yielded positive results, particularly in terms of helping students identify different approaches to a topic and fostering collaborative peer discussions
Influence of the process on water permeability of semi-crystalline PLA nanocomposites: solvent casting versus annealing of melt-blended films
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Enjeux de collaboration entre consultants-techniciens et décideurs publics : le cas de la Convention Citoyenne pour le Climat
No full textInternational audienceThis contribution proposes to study the role of the consultant-technician in the deployment of participatory systems. Thus, our research is based on the analysis of the internal organization of Civic Tech start-ups and on the issues of collaboration between consultant-technicians and public decision-makers. We will focus on the start-up Open Source Politics on the grounds of the Citizens’ Climate Convention. From a methodological point of view, this research is structured around a series of semi-structured interviews. This is to understand how the profession of consultanttechnician works in a context of state platformization.La présente contribution propose d'étudier le rôle du consultant-technicien dans le déploiement des dispositifs participatifs. Ainsi, notre recherche s'appuie sur l'analyse de l'organisation interne des start-ups de la Civic Tech et sur les enjeux de collaboration entre les consultants-techniciens et les décideurs publics. Nous placerons la focale du côté de la start-up Open Source Politics sur le terrain de la Convention Citoyenne pour le Climat. D'un point de vue méthodologique, cette recherche se structure autour d'une série d'entretiens semi-directifs. Ceci pour comprendre le fonctionnement du métier de consultant-technicien dans un contexte de plateformisation de l'État
Chinese Diaspora as a Target of United Front Work: How WeChat Shapes Political and Social Reality in France?
No full textInternational audienceThis work aims to explore the crucial role of the public account (gongzhong hao) on WeChat in implementing Chinese diaspora diplomacy strategies with overseas Chinese and Chinese nationals. Focusing on the analysis of stories published in news bulletins widely circulated by three influential accounts in France between December 2023 and February 2024, this project intends to understand the strategies and efforts made by the Beijing government to mobilize the media it has established in France. According to our exploratory research, we found that click traps and stories featuring satirical and inaccurate information have been mobilized by Bejing to denigrate French political and social life. The project also aims to examine how Beijing leverages positive information published by select journalists to subtly and discreetly construct an image of Chinese society as orderly and stable