HAL Portal Cnam (French National Conservatory for Arts and Crafts)
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Martine D’Amours, Louise Briand, Guy Bellemare, Frédéric Hanin et Leticia Pogliaghi, De l’entreprise à la configuration productive. Travail, emploi, régulations
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Culture des données et représentation de l'économie sociale et solidaire (ESS): La fabrique de données dans les Observatoires Régionaux de l'ESS en France
No full textInternational audienceThis contribution aims to shed light on data production in the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) through an analysis of data culture within the Regional Observatories of the SSE (ORESS) in France. Based on qualitative research, this article highlights how the ORESS construct a data culture grounded in shared knowledge and meanings about the SSE and in cooperation with their network and partners. This situated culture fosters data production that is adapted to the specificities of the SSE and supports alternative narratives about it. Furthermore, the ORESS play an important role in data mediation, negotiating between external expectations and their own values and political agendas.Cette contribution vise à éclairer la fabrique de données dans l’Économie Sociale et Solidaire (ESS) par l’analyse de la culture des données au sein des Observatoires Régionaux de l'ESS (ORESS) en France. S’appuyant sur une recherche qualitative, cet article met en évidence la construction par les ORESS d’une culture des données fondée sur des connaissances et des significations partagées sur l’ESS et sur la coopération avec le réseau et des partenaires. Cette culture située favorise une production de données adaptée aux spécificités de l'ESS, et appuie des récits alternatifs à son égard. En outre, les ORESS jouent un rôle important dans la médiation de données, opérant des arbitrages entre les attentes externes et leurs valeurs et objectifs politiques
Synthesis of Leaf Alcohol using Lindlar Catalyst: From Batch to Con:nuous-Flow
No full textInternational audienceLeaf alcohol is typically produced through batch selective semi-hydrogenation of 3-hexyn-1-ol using Lindlar catalyst. Although several catalysts have been described for this transformation, they are manufactured on a gram scale, posing challenges for industrialization. We decided to implement this process in flow. We show that, in the absence of quinoline, precise control of the reaction's progress is crucial for achieving high selectivity. To reduce the pressure drop, the catalyst was pelletized using CaCO3 as a binder. At 40 °C and under 1 bar of H2, total conversion was obtained in less than 1 min. However, selectivity at high conversion is lower due to mass transfer limitations and a broad contact time distribution. Selectivity can be enhanced by increasing the liquid flow rate, whereas high conversion can be attained by operating in a recirculating flow mode. Under this configuration, high selectivity at high conversion can be achieved in flow using a commercial Lindlar catalyst
Handgrip strength cut-off points for identifying French adults at risk of type 2 diabetes
No full textInternational audienceAim: To identify cut-off points for handgrip strength (HGS) detecting T2DM risk among adults in France, and to examine the relationships between absolute and relative HGS and the incidence of T2DM.Methods: Data from 18,519 adults (5,096 men) in the NutriNet-Santé cohort, were analyzed. HGS was measured using dynamometry on both hands. Nine indicators were derived, including absolute values and those relative to body weight and BMI. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves and cubic splines were used to assess predictive performance, as well as cutoff points for HGS that maximize this performance. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations between reduced HGS and T2DM.Results: Over 9.8 years, 329 incident T2DM cases were validated. Absolute HGS showed not associated with T2DM risk, whereas higher relative HGS was associated with lower risk (e.g. HR for HGS relative to body weight: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.07-1.58). Relative HGS showed better discrimination (AUC 0.623-0.675) than absolute HGS (≤0.44). Optimal cut-offs were 0.446 kg/kg and 1.086 kg/kg/m² (dominant hand), and 0.397 kg/kg and 1.033 kg/kg/m² (non-dominant). Low relative HGS was associated with increased risk (HRs 1.42-1.68), consistent across sensitivity, sex, and age analyses. Conclusions:Relative, but not absolute, handgrip strength is independently associated with T2DM incidence and shows modest discriminative ability. Given its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, grip strength may be a useful screening tool in clinical and public health settings.</div
Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Related to Children's Physical Fitness and Health Among French PE Teachers
No full textInternational audienceObjectives: To assess PE teachers' knowledge of physical fitness and its link to children's health and identify barriers and facilitators for its management in schools. Methods: A total of 2,378 PE teachers (56% men) completed an online questionnaire on their knowledge, perceived barriers, and facilitators regarding physical fitness. Results: Most of teachers reported being aware of the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) (96%) and muscular strength (MS) (88%) with current health in youth. A smaller proportion of teachers acknowledged knowing the potential associations of these fitness components with future health in adulthood, specifically 40% for CRF and 22% for MS. The majority of teachers (80%) reported being sufficiently trained during their training courses to assess and develop the CRF. Only 50% of teachers reported feeling sufficiently trained to assess MS, while 58% reported being adequately trained to develop this component. Among the teachers, 82% reported that insufficient practice time, large class sizes, and high heterogeneity are key obstacles. Less than 50% identified other prioritized objectives as barriers, while 30% reported a lack of material resources as a significant limitation. Then, 84% of teachers reported being interested in participating in continued professional development focused on the promotion of physical fitness in youth through PE. Conclusions: Barriers such as limited training, structural constraints, and low awareness of MS recommendations hinder effective fitness management. Addressing these through improved curricula, teacher training, and resources is crucial to enhancing youth fitness and health in France
Identification of Lamb Modes on a Sensor Network for a Multimodal Tomographic Approach for Structural Health Monitoring
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Unsupervised Deep Learning for Behavioral and Quality Anomaly Detection in 5G Networks: Early Methods and Challenges
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Teaching Digital Health at Sorbonne University: The Year One Review of the SN@SU Project
No full textInternational audienceThe French healthcare system faces challenges including an aging population, chronic diseases, medical staff shortages, and global pandemics, highlighting the need for a more sustainable model. At the same time, technological advances are reshaping healthcare, leading France to launch the “Digital Health Acceleration Strategy” under the France 2030 plan, aimed at equipping future health professionals as well as students in computer sciences and engineering with comprehensive digital health skills. Education plays a vital role, as shown by the SN@SU project led by Sorbonne University. This five-year initiative (2023–2028) aims to train 35,000 students in health, paramedical, and IT fields through partnerships with 17 institutions. In its first year, over 4,000 students were trained using innovative approaches such as virtual simulations, immersive environments, and e-learning. While younger students valued practical sessions, advanced students reported limited hands-on experience. Early feedback reflects both excitement about digital health learning and the need for better integration into curricula, underscoring the project’s potential to shape digital health education
