Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad ESAN
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Enhancing community development management and the management of social and environmental impacts to get social license to operate in the mining industry: A Peruvian case study
No full textThis research aims to determine the type of strategy used by mining companies according to the degree of community development management and social and environmental impact management. For this purpose, a qualitative study has been carried out using the methodology of case studies of mining companies in Peru, for which written and virtual reports and audiovisual material have been analyzed. The results show a framework whose main axes are community development management and social and environmental impact management. In addition, it is shown four types of community relations strategies: shared value strategy, compensatory strategy, business‐oriented strategy, and compliance strategy
Model Proposal for the Detection of False Information About COVID-19 Using Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing Techniques
No full textOne of the main problems that arose as a result of this health emergency was the circulation of false information on COVID-19. Therefore, the study carried out aimed to find the best classifier of false information on COVID-19 in the Peruvian context. For this, 2022 information records related to COVID-19 were collected through web scraping of websites, Facebook and Twitter, which were manually labeled as True or False and then validated. Natural Language Processing techniques such as Bag of Words, TF-IDF, Word2Vec and FastText were used for feature extraction. Finally, different Machine Learning model were developed using KNN, Decision Tree, Naive Bayes, SVM, Logistic Regression and MLP. The results were evaluated according to the Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F1-score metrics. The best model resulted from the combination of the SVM algorithm (C (0.5), gamma (1) and kernel (rbf)) with TF - IDF of dimension 300 and n-grams from 1 to 2, whose metrics were superior to the others with 87.41% Accuracy, 88.63% Precision, 87.39% Recall and 88% F1-score. © 2023 Latin American and Caribbean Consortium of Engineering Institutions. All rights reserved
Determinants of Inclusive Economic Growth in Latin America
No full textThe work aims to identify the determinants that influence inclusive economic growth in Latin America. The study’s methodology is quantitative with a nonexperimental design, for whose effect analysis was developed through a panel data model to identify the determinant variables of inclusive economic growth. Annual data of the main macroeconomic and social variables were used for a sample of 14 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay); the study horizon comprises 25 years, between 1995 and 2019. The following variables were found to have a direct influence on inclusive economic growth: public spending and international trade; the study also showed that inflation, unemployment, and the presence of crises have a negative impact on inclusive economic growth. Moreover, an additional public expenditure of 1% implies an increase of 0.100% in inclusive economic growth, and for each positive variation of 1% in international trade, inclusive economic growth responds with an increase of 0.144%. © 2023, World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society. All rights reserved
Implementation of a Web System Using the Design Thinking Methodology to Enhance Administrative Management at Centro de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo del Aprendizaje (CIIDEA) in 2023
No full textAdministrative management in educational centers in Ecuador and Colombia faces challenges in aligning with regulations and the non-use of digital tools. In Peru, the COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these issues, making it difficult for educational centers to transition to digital technologies. However, this research aims to improve administrative management at the Center for Research, Innovation and Development of Learning (CIIDEA), an institution that offers graduate programs for educators and has problems adapting to digital tools. The user-centered development methodology used is Design Thinking and involves five phases: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. The results, based on the administrative management indicators used in this study, show that the resource planning compliance rate improved by 38.15%, the efficiency in the allocation of financial resources improved from 0 to 91.62% and the student cost decreased from S/. 35.50 to S/. 24.61 (Peruvian sol currency). These results demonstrate improvements in resource planning compliance rate, financial resource allocation efficiency, and student costs, indicating that developing a project focused on information technologies and user-centered is both feasible and enhances the user experience. Finally, the project's success is attributed to the positive user experience of those using the implemented technological solutions. © 2023 IEEE
Health workforce governance and professions: a re-analysis of New Zealand’s primary care workforce policy actors
No full textBackground
This article contributes to the health workforce planning literature by exploring the dynamics of health professions in New Zealand’s Primary Care sector and deriving broad lessons for an international audience. Professions tend influence health policy and governance decisions and practices to retain their place, status and influence. Therefore, understanding their power dynamics and the positions that they have on workforce policies and issues assists workforce governance or health system reform plans.
Methods
Using the infrequently reported health workforce policy tool, actor analysis, a reanalysis of previously collected data is undertaken using an actor-based framework for the study of professionalism. Two models were developed, (1) the framework’s original four-actor model and (2) a five-actor model for the comparison of the Medical and Nurse professions. Existing workforce actor data were reclassified, formatted, and entered into actor analysis software to reveal the professions’ relative power, inter-relationships and strategic workforce issue positions.
Results
In the four-actor model, the Organised user actor is found to be most influential, while the others are found to be dependent. In the five-actor model, the Medical and Nurse professions are individually more influential than their combined position in the four-actor model. Practicing professionals and Organised user actors have strong converging inter-relationships over workforce issues in both models, though in the five-actor model, the Nurse profession has weaker coherency than the Medical profession. The Medical and Nurse professions are found to be in opposition over the workforce issues labelled divisive.
Conclusions
These results reflect the professions’ potential to influence New Zealand’s Primary Care sector, indicating their power and influence over a range of policy and reform measures. As such, the four lessons that are derived from the case indicate to policy makers that they should be aware of situational contexts and actor power, take care when encountering divisive issues and try to achieve broad-based support for proposed policies
Transition to Telework in an Academic Setting in Peru
No full textWidespread disruptions of the Covid-19 pandemic affected people and organizations worldwide, but deeply transformed universities that in a short period of time were forced to switch from traditional teaching and learning in face-to-face classrooms to intensive use of online platforms and teleworking for professors. The transition was challenging and costly because, although advances in online education programs had started, most institutions implemented rapid change without previous experience. This chapter presents the case of ESAN Business University in Peru. The discussion is based on a study conducted to identify features of the organizational culture that facilitated change. The analysis is targeted on 2 pillars of Human Centered Management: Pillar 2 – disruption resilience and Pillar 4 – agility, and ESAN's organizational culture is measured using Hofstede's Organization Culture Dimensions to test alignment that supported rapid adaptation and better outcome of the transformation affecting performance and wellbeing of professors and students
Industry Life Cycle
No full textIn this entry, we analyze Industry Life Cycle Theory and present the main patterns of evolution. First, we focus on the theory itself. We analyze the main tenets of the industry life cycle and the characteristics associated with each of the four stages of industry evolution. We also explain the origins of the theory, present the major criticisms, and identify avenues of future applications and directions. Next, we introduce when and how to apply Industry Life Cycle Theory in real situations. We present an interview with a manager of an innovation lab in a microfinance institution in Perú to show an example of the theory in practice. Finally, we introduce interactive scenarios that allow students to decide a course of action and receive feedback
Autoeficacia, autoestima y compromiso en profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia covid-19 en el Perú
No full textIntroducción: Los profesionales de enfermería han enfrentado en primera línea la crisis sanitaria de la pandemia producida por la COVID 19. Fueron sorprendidos sin una preparación técnica, material y de conocimientos por lo cual recurrieron a sus propios recursos como la autoestima y la autoeficacia para elevar su desempeño y compromiso con la salud pública. En el Perú se reportó que, durante los dos primeros años de la pandemia, de 37 mil profesionales de enfermería, casi un 1/3 contrajeron el virus y aproximadamente, 180 fallecieron a causa de la Covid-19.
Objetivos: Medir el efecto de la autoestima y la autoeficacia sobre el compromiso engagement en profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia de la Covid-19.
Métodos: Investigación Explicativa Correlacional de corte transversal, en una muestra de 387 profesionales de enfermería peruanos. Se hizo un análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial de correlaciones y regresiones. Se usó el software SPSS26.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron correlaciones positivas y altamente significativas entre las variables, autoeficacia, autoestima y compromiso (engagement). Así mismo se identificó valores de predictibilidad superior al 50%, sobre el compromiso (engagement).
Conclusiones: Los profesionales de enfermería durante la pandemia se percibieron con un nivel de autoeficacia promedio, altos niveles de autoestima y un nivel de compromiso medio (engagement). Los recursos personales, autoeficacia y autoestima, lograron predecir el compromiso (engagement) de los profesionales de enfermería en las dimensiones de vigor, dedicación y absorción
The Life Cycle in Startup Valuation
No full textThe business valuation process begins with the projection of the company’s sales or income, so it is important to establish how they will evolve over time. It is possible to verify that the businesses follow a common pattern in the evolution of their income, and these have a trend line in the form of an S inclined forward, defining the life cycle of the business. When new companies (startups) are valued, it is important to visualize their life cycle, since it usually takes time for them to generate profits or positive cash flows, therefore the investment stage and the moment where they prove their viability are prolonged. If these startups correspond to businesses based on the intensive use of technologies, their life cycles show an even greater trend in the duration of the investment stage, the introduction stage is slow, but if they managed to be successful ventures, they have rapid growth and their largest dimensions market, until reaching the stage of maturity. However, not all technological businesses are similar, so for the analysis the type of innovation with which the business worked must be considered, since the shape of the life cycle will be different in the investment period, the speed of growth and the size of the market
Creating firm value, overcoming organizational inertia through the marketing value chain; [Creando valor para la empresa, superando la inercia organizacional a través de la cadena de valor del marketing]
No full textPurpose: Technology may produce disruptive changes and market turbulence in any industry. Organizational inertia becomes relevant as a factor that adversely affects organizational transformation; this study aims to examine how to overcome it and its consequences to firms. Design/methodology/approach: The model estimation with seemingly unrelated regression and two-stage least square. The authors build a data set of years 2015–2019 from the Lima Stock Exchange firms to test the hypotheses. Findings: In this research, using the evolutionary-ecological theory of Hannan and Freeman, the study shows the consequences of organizational inertia on marketing intensity and subsequently on firms' financial results. Originality/value: This study presents an inter-functional model that links organizational behavior, marketing and finance functions, through the marketing value chain to overcome organizational inertia and create firm value. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited