Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad ESAN
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Stakeholders, social and environmental impact management as key factors of the corporate social management in the mining industry: A Peruvian case study
No full textIt is known that companies manage their stakeholders and their social and environmental impacts to achieve a good relationship with the community. Therefore, this research aims to know the strategies used by mining companies when different levels of stakeholder management and social and environmental impact management variables are involved. For this purpose, qualitative research with case study methodology is carried out, collecting information from various sources such as interviews, document analysis, and audio‐visual material. The result shows a framework based on the literature review and where different scenarios are shown according to the degree of the variables studied and the strategies used. Four main corporate strategies were found: sustainable, legalistic, business‐oriented, and compensating
The Challenge of Introducing Informatics Topics From an Early Age in Peru During the Pandemic
No full textContribution: Adaptation and application of a methodology to introduce Informatics from an early age to students living in disadvantaged areas in Peru and analysis of its effects. Background: On the on hand, during the COVID-19 pandemic, students living in disadvantaged areas in Peru were confined to their home under the supervision of their family and without access to computers. On the other hand, the multistage sequencing knowledge transmission methodology (L2T2L), first proposed in JolasMATIKA (Basque Country), to introduce Informatics topics using CS Unplugged from university to school had shown to be effective. Research Question: Does the introduction from an early age into Informatics affect the appreciation of students living in disadvantaged areas about what Informatics is and their attitude toward it? Is the methodology used appropriate for times of pandemic? Methodology: A pilot project based on the L2T2L methodology was introduced at the Public School of the Religious Association Br. Thomas Helm S.M. (Peru) for primary and secondary education during the 2020/2021 pandemic academic year. University engineering students from the UTEC University were in charge of initiating the transmission of Informatics concepts to teachers of secondary and primary education who transmitted the knowledge to their respective students, using mobile phones. Surveys were used to gather data at the beginning and the end of the experience. Findings: A methodology adequate for introducing Informatics from an early age and for reducing the digital divide between technologically advanced communities and more disadvantaged communities. Students and family unit members changed their opinion about Informatics
Implementation of an Early Detection System for Neurodegenerative Diseases Through the use of Artificial Intelligence
No full textNeurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS pose a significant challenge to global health, especially due to the aging population, which significantly increases their prevalence. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising approach to address the problem at an early stage. Therefore, this article presents an innovative AI-based system for early detection of neurodegenerative diseases. The combination of machine learning algorithms with clinical data, cognitive assessments, and specific test outcomes has enabled the identification of early disease patterns, facilitating timely intervention and better outcomes for patients. The study utilized the OASIS dataset, which includes magnetic resonance scans from 150 individuals, and evaluated three predictive models (Decision Tree, Random Forest, and AdaBoost) for dementia detection. It was found that the Random Forest model achieved the best metrics, with 86.84% accuracy, 80% recall, and 87.22% AUC. In conclusion, this research highlights the potential of AI in early detection of neurodegenerative diseases, providing hope for improving diagnostic approaches and treatments in neurodegenerative conditions. © 2023 IEEE
Reflexiones sobre la regulación de la eutanasia, el derecho a la vida ya la dignidad: el caso Ana Estrada, Perú
No full textObjective: The purpose of this article is to analyze the concept of euthanasia and its relationship with the rights to life and dignity, as well as the evolution of its legalization in the different legal systems of the world and, especially, in Peru, in the context of the recent award issued by the Supreme Court, on July 27, 2022, regarding the Ana Estrada's Case. Method: The methodological approach is a qualitative research. It is a doctrinal research, based on human rights, constitutional law, comparative law, and alludes to the jurisprudence on the subject at a national and international level. Results: The results allude to the rights to free disposition of the body, to life and to human dignity, as axes to make assisted death possible. This is a doctrinal research based on human rights, constitutional law, comparative law, and alludes to the jurisprudence on the subject at the national and international level. The relevance of this article relies on comparing how it has been the inclusion of euthanasia to the legal framework in the different legal systems until reaching the Peruvian one. Conclusions: The contribution made, evidences the recognition of the legality of euthanasia in the different legal systems, as well as values in Peruvian law, the impact of the issued award that has recognized for the first time, in its history, the right to a dignified death, which is already a milestone on which we must continue to analize. © 2023 The Author(s)
Methodology for the execution of programs based on different programming languages
No full textAbstract: Currently, in the programming ecosystems, there are different programming languages, each of the languages work with their libraries dedicated to special tasks, among the most used languages are Python, R, Matlab, C, C++ among others, in this work, we demonstrate a method to perform work with the use of different programming languages, in order to exploit the benefits of each one, all of them in a single development environment, which takes advantage of the available hardware that we can have in the workstations, as is the case of CPUs and GPUs that may have. As a result we present the architecture and programming modes that can be developed with each language, the programming mode considered is to perform partial jobs, defined in taking the file to work, perform the necessary processes, then store them in new files so that it can be worked by another language, the method can be applied in multiple tasks mainly in those that can work with matrices and vectors
El desarrollo de la tesis: guía práctica
No full text"Existe abundante literatura referida al método de investigación científica y sus aspectos teóricos y metodológicos; sin embargo, son pocos los textos acerca de esta materia que logran establecer una comunicación fluida y cercana con sus lectores, para ofrecerles una ruta sencilla con que llevar a cabo una investigación de calidad y asumir el estimulante reto de elaborar una tesis académica.
Ha sido escrita pensando en aquellos estudiantes universitarios de pregrado y posgrado, quienes se encuentran en la etapa fundamental de elaborar una investigación y escribir una tesis. Se trata de una guía que recoge las nociones básicas del método de investigación, con el fin de orientar a sus lectores a través de los diversos procesos involucrados en la investigación académica y, fruto de ello, elaborar una tesis de calidad, bien fundamentada y redactada, en cualquier campo del saber.
Con un lenguaje sencillo y riguroso en cuanto a su contenido, la autora introduce las bases metodológicas de la investigación científica y recomienda constantemente dos ingredientes esenciales para lograr la tesis aprobada: una fuerte motivación y confianza en el método y en la relevancia del quehacer científico para nuestras sociedades, y las actitudes éticas y profesionales de excelencia que son imprescindibles en el ejercicio académico.
Conductas elegidas o forzadas a elegir: normas y valores asumidos por los ejecutivos
No full textEsta investigación describe algunos de los valores y las normas que los ejecutivos de empresas utilizan para elegir sus conductas en los entornos laborales, sociales y familiares. Usando metodología cualitativa, la recolección de datos se realizó con el apoyo de la técnica proyectiva denominada “historia de vida”. La codificación y análisis de la técnica aplicada permitió el reporte de normas y valores que se encuentran en uso por los ejecutivos. En esta investigación participaron cincuenta y tres ejecutivos de empresas de distintos sectores. Los análisis muestran que los ejecutivos siguen y alinean sus conductas a normas y valores que demuestran sus membresías con los grupos. Estos lineamientos tienen efectos positivos y, en otros, negativos para sí mismos, su familia, sus compañeros de trabajo y de sus amigos. Entre los primeros, los ejecutivos buscan demostrar y exigir el uso rentable del tiempo, lograr el desarrollo y crecimiento organizacional y alcanzar posiciones de liderazgo. También se observan marcos de referencia para sus conductas con efectos no positivos o ambiguos. Entre estos se muestra que los ejecutivos presentan como normas y valores el estar dispuestos a sacrificar su tiempo familiar por los objetivos de la empresa, tolerar condiciones de maltrato y maltratar, y mantenerse al margen o involucrarse lo menos posible con las personas con las que trabajan. Lo descrito en el estudio podría permitir proponer que los ejecutivos siguen las normas y valores (NV) que perciben como propias y determinantes para demostrar su membresía. Este carácter de exigencia hace que racionalicen y transfieran al exterior la responsabilidad de las consecuencias a sus conductas
Social Management Responsiveness in Business
No full textA lot of controversy exists around the contribution of the mining industry and the territorial development of the regions where it operates. Despite the boom in mineral prices, there are still many communities that do not show development. At the macroeconomic level, countries with a mining industry receive income from mining taxes and royalties, however, at the micro level this greater income is not reflected in the closing of socio-economic gaps and the well-being of the population.
Cesar Saenz presents the Social Management Model Canvas (SMMC), describing the rationale of how an extractive company can create and deliver social value for communities around and beyond the sphere of influence. The SMMC can best be described through nine basic building blocks - the social value proposition; defining the community; social channels; relationship with the community; key social resources; key social activities; key social partners; social investment structure and social benefits. Companies can map the existing social management model to visualize, understand and communicate the level of responsiveness of the model, whilst using the canvas to explore new social management improvements to get a social license to operate.
Communities require companies and governments to address their needs such as education, employment, health service, among others. Combining all these elements in a social management model helps companies consider all the variables when designing and implementing strategies that meet both business and community needs
Discusión de los roles de las actividades de la empresa, los consumidores y los grupos de interés en el cambio del valor de las marcas
No full textEste ensayo discute sobre algunos de los grupos y roles que se deben considerar en el análisis de los cambios en el valor de las marcas. Se plantean los roles activos y pasivos que tienen: las actividades de la empresa, los grupos de interés de la empresa y los consumidores. Las actividades de las empresas se vinculan con el valor de las marcas directamente a través de sus productos, pero especialmente por la experiencia, identidad y la moral de sus procesos. Los grupos de interés agregan la perspectiva que genera la imagen ética de la empresa en el valor de las marcas, como lo son las responsabilidades medioambientales, su integridad y la creación de valor compartido. Los consumidores son los principales agentes modificadores del valor de la marca. Estos no solo ligan el valor del producto adquirido con la satisfacción de la necesidad, sino agregan constructos sociales que identifican, distinguen y pueden clasificar a las empresas modificando su valor, gracias a la difusión de boca a boca físico y virtual (redes sociales). Este ensayo cobra especial importancia porque en los últimos años sean incrementado las empresas cuyas marcas superan en valor a las de sus activos tradicionales, y se necesita de análisis adicionales para entender este fenómeno
Electro-reduction of NOx-species in alkaline medium at modified carbon-supported palladium nanoparticles with variable concentration of C-sp2: An in-situ mass-spectrometry approach
No full textElectrochemical denitrification is a promising technology for removing NOx species due to its environmental impact. In this work, nanostructured palladium electrocatalysts (3.2–3.7 nm) stabilized with different compounds namely lignin, oleylamine, octylamine, and 2-methyl-2butanol supported on Vulcan carbon were synthesized from organometallic precursors for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrated species. For this purpose, electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry at different concentrations of NaNO2 and NaNO3 (saturated with NO2 gas, synthesized in situ) in the alkaline medium were carried out. The current versus potential characteristic (i-E) showed that the as-synthesized Pd/lignin/C catalyst exhibited the highest activity in the reduction of
and with hydrogen production at more negative potentials, as demonstrated by differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy (DEMS). Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicate the presence of metallic palladium and other PdyOx species well distributed on the carbon support matrix promoting different interfacial redox processes depending on the stabilizer in turn and the carbon hybridization namely, D-parameter (D = sp2/sp3)