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[[alternative]]An Interpretation and Analysis on Zheng Composition--Fengqiao Yebo
No full text[[abstract]] 箏曲《楓橋夜泊》，是作曲家王建民於1998年創作，是一首以唐代詩人張繼的古詩詞為創作題材的箏曲，創作中融入古詩詞意境，以樂音的創作形式，展現出詩中的自然形態之美。2001年完成鋼琴伴奏版本，藉由鋼琴與古箏的呼應，讓樂音更具色彩變化，擴展了古箏作品的豐富性同時也加强了古箏音樂藝術形象。 在本文中，筆者透過資料蒐集法及樂曲詮釋分析，了解樂曲中融入古詩詞的展現，更能夠豐富其創作的靈感與意義。同時分析樂曲結構、旋律與節奏，探討如何掌握音樂作品中的藝術情境，做出理解後的演奏詮釋。 在研究過程中了解演奏詮釋的靈感思維，必須與樂曲每一段契合，呈現樂音的真諦，運用豐富的作曲方法，讓樂曲更能表現其音樂意境。經由以上的理解再探討箏樂的彈奏可以是「簡單清楚、易與人和」，不一定要有過多的炫技。透過對民族文化內涵的體悟、以及西洋作曲方法的應用，可以讓箏樂更俱多元的藝術面向，達到以古鑑今，前瞻未來的展望。 研究結果顯示《楓橋夜泊》箏樂作品中，作曲法、定弦特點、配器、樂曲風格特色，透過古箏的各種演奏詮釋技法（泛音、同音反覆、琶音和點音等指法），表現出生動的樂音組合，展現古詩詞的意境之美。[[abstract]] The zheng composition Fengqiao Yebo was composed by Wang Jianmin in 1998. It is a zheng composition based on the ancient poetry of Zhang Ji, a Tang Dynasty poet. The composition incorporates the artistic conception of the poetry and showcases the beauty of the natural form through the creative use of music. By combining the piano with the zheng, the music musical color is enriched, expanding the richness of zheng composition while also enhancing the artistic image of zheng composition. In this thesis, I use data collection and music interpretation analysis to understand the presentation of ancient poetry in the music and to enrich the inspiration and meaning of the composition. The thesis also analyzes the structure, melodic and rhythm of the piece to explore how to grasp the artistic context of the music and make an interpretation after understanding it. In the process of research, it is important to have inspiration and thoughts that fit each section of the music to present the true essence of the music, utilizing composition method to allow the piece to present its artistic conception . Through the understanding of the cultural connotation of the ethnic group and the application of western composition method, zheng composition can have a more diversified artistic aspect, achieving a prospect that looks to the future through the past. The research results show that in the zheng composition Fengqiao Yebo, the characteristics of composition method, scales, instrumentation and style are expressed through various zheng interpretation methods, such as overtones, repeated notes, trills and staccato, with new tuning characteristics, showcasing the charm of zheng composition
[[alternative]]The Discussion and Interpretation to Lu, Yao-Bo's Falling Snow from Dizi Suite “Tone-Pictures of Qilian Mountains”
No full text[[abstract]] 《祁連音畫》是由笛子演奏家盧耀波於2017〜2019年間所創作，是寫給笛子與鋼琴、笛子與樂團的笛獨奏套曲，分別有三首獨奏曲：《舞沙》、《飄雪》以及《烏嶺》，此曲也是近年來在各大比賽、表演中風行的笛子獨奏套曲。此篇論文中，筆者選擇《祁連音畫》中的《飄雪》一曲為詮釋對象。 筆者蒐集樂曲資料時，在網路上只搜尋到一篇書寫盧耀波創作之笛曲《祁連音畫》的文獻資料。在本篇論文中，筆者透過林宗佑的碩士論文《盧耀波笛套曲《祁連音畫》之分析與詮釋》、盧耀波2020年出版的作品集曲譜、其他笛演奏技術相關文獻、對作曲家的訪談，來了解盧耀波的創作動機與想法，及樂曲的創作背景、創作手法、演奏方法與技巧；也透過分析首演者馬雲鶴、演奏家郭虹希的演奏影片，進一步了解演奏家對樂曲的詮釋方法並加以統整，論文中也會分享筆者自身學習及演奏時的詮釋與心得。希望藉由此分析，能夠為日後的演奏家們提供更多對樂曲的詮釋設計及看待音樂的角度。[[abstract]] The Chinese flute composition “Tone-Pictures of Qilian Mountains” contains three pieces. They are “Dancing Sands”, “Falling Snow” and “Wuling Mountains”. It's a popular solo composition that has become the major competition and performance in recent years. “Tone-Pictures of Qilian Mountains” was written by Chinese flute player, Lu Yao-bo from 2017 to 2019. It's a Chinese flute solo piece of two versions , “Flute and Piano” and “Flute and Orchestra”. In this paper, I chose the song “Falling Snow” in “Tone-Pictures of Qilian Mountains” as the object of interpretation. When I collected music information, I only found an essay on the Internet about Chinese flute song “Tone-Pictures of Qilian Mountains,” composed by Lu Yao-Bo. The content of the research mainly uses the Lin Tsung-Yu master's thesis “Analysis and Interpretation of Lu Yao-bo's Flute Suite “Qilian Sound Painting.” The music score of Professor Lu Yao-bo's collection published in 2020. And I also interviews with composer to understand Mr.Lu's creative motivation and ideas, as well as the creative background, techniques, performing methods and skills of the music. Through the analysis of the performance videos from Ma Yun-He and Kuo Hung-hsi, we will further understand the teachers' interpretation of music and unify them. The author's own interpretation and experience of learning and performance will also be shared in the paper. We hope that through this analysis, performers can acquire more interpretation, design and perspective information on music
[[alternative]]The Analysis and Interpretation of Carl Reinecke's Flute Ballade, Op. 288
No full text[[abstract]] 本論文主要探討德國音樂家卡爾．萊內克（Carl Reinecke, 1824-1910）的《長笛敘事曲作品288》作品分析及詮釋探討，為筆者畢業音樂會曲目之一。該作品出自於1908年，是萊內克生平最後一首創作曲目，最初寫給管弦樂團與長笛，樂曲憂傷、音色多變化。萊內克是浪漫樂派著名的鋼琴家與作曲家，再現有文獻研究萊內克的長笛曲目中，大多都是探討《水妖》這首作品以及晚期作品《長笛協奏曲，作品283》，而《長笛敘事曲，作品288》的研究有限。本論文探討《長笛敘事曲，作品288》這首作品，主要呈現筆者的詮釋分析，並比較安德拉斯‧阿多里安（András Adorján, 1950-2023）、伊曼紐爾．帕胡德（Emmanuel Pahud, b.1970）和趙成賢（Sung-hyun Cho, b.1990）等三位長笛演奏家詮釋作品的差異性。 最終結論筆者提出以上三位長笛演奏家除了合作的樂器不同外，阿多里安詮釋樂曲整體較為輕快明亮；帕胡德演奏的管弦樂版本表現力更加突出，在音色與音量上轉變非常清楚，整體的樂曲情緒以及音樂氣氛表現投入較多；趙成賢的演奏整體吹奏風格優美明亮，整體的音色變化上並不明顯，在高音及低音的情緒表達呈現較弱。筆者認為管弦樂團更能突顯樂曲中的表現力，整體速度比原速慢些，更能傳遞想表達的情感。帕胡德在音色及吐音上處理得清楚乾淨，在吹奏部分長音時，運用長笛抖音的技巧讓樂曲旋律延續並更有線條及增加音色的厚度，與阿多里安和趙成賢兩個鋼琴版本相比更勝一籌，而筆者與帕胡德的詮釋較為相近，但在B段開頭加入重音的部分，以及漸慢連接至B段快板，讓樂曲更有情感及表現力，以上詮釋分析提供未來教學者與演奏者參考。[[abstract]] This thesis mainly discusses the performance analysis and interpretation of the German composer Carl Reinecke’s (1824-1910) “Flute Ballade, Op. 288”, which is one of the repertoire of my graduation concert. This work was Reinecke’s final composition, originally written for flute and orchestra in 1908; the music is sentimental with varied timbre. Reinecke is a renowned romantic pianist and composer. Among the current literatures on Reinecke’s flute works, most studies focus on his works “Undine” and “Flute Concerto Op.283”, rather than “Flute Ballade, Op. 288”. In addition to my performance interpretation and analysis of “Flute Ballade, Op. 288”, this thesis also aims to compare the different interpretations by three flutists: Andras Adorjan, Emmanuel Pahud, and Sung-hyun Cho. In conclusion, apart from the differences in their collaborative instruments, Andras’s interpretation is generally more lively and bright. The orchestral version performed by Pahud is more expressive, with very clear transformation in timbre and volume; his overall musical emotion and atmosphere are articulated with more intensity. Sung-hyun Cho’s performance style is beautiful and bright, but the timbre nuances are not very noticeable; his emotional expression between high and low pitch is relatively weak. Overall, I believe that orchestra version is more expressive. Pahud's tempo is slower than the original one, his handling of timbre and articulation is clear and precise. When playing long notes, Pahud uses the technique of vibrato on the flute to extend the melody with a rich timbre. Compared with the version for flute and piano by András and Sung-hyun Cho, Pahud's performance is more impressive. My interpretation is closer to Pahud’s, however, apart from the differences in adding an accent in the beginning of section B and gradually slow down to the fast tempo of section B in order to create more emotional and expressive musical passages. The above information is mainly a reference for future teachers and performers
[[alternative]]A Study on Learning Attitude and the Earthquake Disaster Prevention Literacy of Junior High School Students: The Case Study of a Private Middle School in Chiayi City
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究以嘉義市某私立中學國中生爲研究對象，探討學生『學習態度與地震防災素養』之現況，分析不同背景變項的學生在學習態度與地震防災素養的差異情形，並瞭解學生學習態度與地震防災素養之間的關聯性爲何？總共發放619份問卷，回收579份，有效問卷為548份，其有效問卷回收率為88.52％。運用SPSS統計軟體分析處理所得資料，以描述性統計、信度、T檢定、單因子變異數及典型相關分析等方法，歸納研究結論為：(1)不同背景學生的學習態度呈現部分顯著差異。(2)不同背景學生的地震防災素養呈現部分顯著差異。(3)兩變項之間存在兩對典型相關組合，第一對顯示學習態度的「學習的觀點」、「學習動機」及「學習表現」構面與地震防災素養的「地震防災知識」、「地震防災態度」與「地震防災技巧」等構面呈高度正相關。第二對顯示學習態度的「學習動機」及「學習表現」構面與地震防災素養的「地震防災態度」構面呈正相關，但解釋力稍弱。[[abstract]] This research takes middle school students from a private high school in Chiayi City as the research object, discusses the current situation of students' “learning attitude and earthquake disaster prevention literacy”, analyzes the difference between students' learning attitude and earthquake disaster prevention literacy with different background variables, and understands students' learning attitude What is the correlation with earthquake disaster prevention literacy? A total of 619 questionnaires were distributed, 579 were recovered, 548 were valid questionnaires, and the recovery rate of valid questionnaires was 88.52%. Using SPSS statistical software to analyze and process the obtained data, using methods such as descriptive statistics, reliability, T test, single-factor variance and canonical correlation analysis, the research conclusions are summarized as follows: (1) There are some significant differences in the learning attitudes of students with different backgrounds.(2) There are some significant differences in the earthquake disaster prevention literacy of students with different backgrounds.(3) There are two pairs of canonical correlation combinations between the two variables. The first pair of “Learning Perspectives“, “Learning Motivation” and “Learning Performance” dimensions of the learning attitude and the “Earthquake Disaster Prevention Knowledge“, “Earthquake Disaster Prevention Attitude” and “Earthquake Disaster Prevention Skills” of earthquake disaster prevention literacy. The second pair of “learning motivation” and “learning performance” dimensions showing learning attitudes are positively correlated with the “earthquake disaster prevention attitude” dimension of earthquake disaster prevention literacy, but the explanatory power is extremely weak
[[alternative]]Rainbow Shadow--A study on the Experience and Feelings of Gay Men in the Counseling Process
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究旨在探討十二位成年男同志的諮商經驗歷程，以及其諮商過程中的哪些經驗和感受，突顯了「男同志諮商經驗」的特殊性，同時探究男同志對諮商專業之期望。本研究採取質性研究取向，以「深度訪談法」進行研究，並採用「主題分析法」整理、歸納及分析文本資料。研究發現如下：一、 諮商師的個人形象、諮商風格或取向影響諮商關係的發展二、 主動積極瞭解諮商師專業背景及性別友善程度三、 男同志當事人在諮商歷程中易對諮商師有移情與反移情、性及非性的多重關係與界線議題[[abstract]] This study aims to explore the counseling experience of twelve adult gay men, and the experiences and feelings they have during the counseling process, highlighting the particularity of “gay men's counseling experience”, and exploring the views of gay men on counseling expectations. This study adopts a qualitative research orientation, conducts research with the “in-depth interview method”, and adopts the “thematic analysis method” to organize, summarize and analyze text data. The research found the following:1. The counselor's personal image, counseling style or orientation affect the development of the counseling relationship.2. Actively understand the professional background and gender friendliness of counselors.3. Gay men tend to have multiple relationships and boundary issues of transference and counter-transference, sexual and non-sexual relationships with counselors
[[alternative]]A Self Narrative of the Transformative Experience of a Middle-aged Divorced Woman Learning Seth Materials
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究透過自我敘說方式呈現一位中年離婚女性，如何藉由學習賽斯資料走出失婚困境之生命轉化經驗。研究者藉由個人回憶，並擷取離婚前後心情日記，其中包含自我覺察、上課和諮商筆記、夢境紀錄等約五年之資料，將自我敘說化為故事文本，以「整體－內容」進行文本分析，回應下列研究目的：（一）透過自我敘說呈現中年離婚女性之離婚調適歷程（二）探討中年離婚女性學習賽斯資料之轉化學習歷程。 研究者之離婚調適歷程即為學習賽斯資料之轉化學習歷程，其為一體兩面。研究結果發現：（一）中年離婚女性之離婚調適歷程分為四個階段：前離婚期、轉變期、重建期一和重建期二（二）官司訴訟之生命困境重複出現在每個階段中，有其特殊目的與功能（三)對賽斯資料的學習主題整體來說有一種傾向，就是對個人主體性的覺知越來越擴展（四）學習後改變與影響，從前期的頭腦裡知道要轉換對官司的負面看法，到後期可以用遊戲心的態度來面對。 最後，提出研究建議與省思，供未來研究做參考。[[abstract]] This research presented a life transformation experience about how a middle-aged divorced woman came out of the dilemmas of divorce by learning Seth materials in a self-narrative approach. The researcher drafted story in narrative text with her own memories and data collected for approximately 5 years, which included content of self-awareness, notes taken in courses and counseling, the dream journal, etc., performed textual analysis in a “all-content” structural manner in order to respond to below objectives:(1)Presenting the journey of divorce adjustment of a middle-aged divorced woman through self-narration;(2)Discussing the transformative process of learning Seth materials. The process of divorce adjustment of the researcher was the transformative learning process of Seth materials herein, they were two sides to a coin. Findings of the research results are listed below:(1)There were four phases in middle-aged divorced women’s divorce adjustment process: pre-divorce phase, transformation phase, rebuilding phase 1, rebuilding phase 2;(2)The struggles in lawsuits appeared repetitively in each phase and had their own special purposes and functions;(3)The tendency of learning subjects of Seth materials in general was to expand personal awareness towards subjectivity;(4)Changes and influences observed after learning, from acknowledgment of necessity of shifting negative perspectives about lawsuits early on to a much brighter mindset at the later stage. Finally, the research suggestions and researcher’s reflections of this study are put forward as a reference for future research
[[alternative]]A Research of Drug Addiction Withrawal and Healing Journey for Panic Disorder Patients with Depression
No full text[[abstract]] 本論文的中心主軸：日常生活壓力帶來焦慮感，持續高張力焦慮狀態之下併發恐慌症，透過了解合併憂鬱症的恐慌症患者療癒及治癒過程中，探究影響因素有三；其一，恐慌症合併憂鬱症發病經驗對患者生活的影響、其次，有關藥物酒精依賴成癮矛盾糾結、其後，為患者生、心理對抗之心路歷程。 本研究旨在探究合併憂鬱症的恐慌症患者治療歷程中依賴藥物之經驗與戒斷及療癒歷程，採用質性研究方法，以半結構訪談為主要蒐集資料方法，並以敘說研究「整體－內容」分析方式進行資料彙整，而後主題分析與詮釋。研究參與者皆為三位成人因受精神官能症共病所苦，從依賴藥物成癮到完全戒斷藥物達到身心痊癒過程。研究結果如下：一、 探究恐慌症共病患者的發病經驗對其生活的影響為何?(一) 壓抑的性格特質：不擅言語表達及對外求助。(二) 情緒中不斷頻繁現身：擔心、焦慮、害怕、恐懼、憂鬱、絕望。(三) 引發身體相關負向症狀：暈眩、心悸、顫抖、失眠、失能、自殺。二、 研究參與者在治療過程中對酒精及藥物依賴成癮的矛盾糾結為何?(一) 成癮及戒斷產生兩難之舉，去存取捨是迷茫中的為難決定；一方面用藥及酒精可以身心舒緩，但一方面長期使用成癮之下反而使病情負向症狀加劇。(二) 用藥初期-身心回穩。中期-不斷適應反覆調整藥物病狀的起伏狀態。後期-酒精代替及病徵副作用的擴大。三、 研究參與者心理對抗及生理戒斷的成功經驗為何?第一部分自我對抗的過程-從負向信念走向戒斷復原之路；(一) 因壓力困境產生的自殺信念：從自殺意圖、行為中置死地而後生。(二) 處於困境中而綻放的正向信念：激發轉化的正向動機及自我療癒力。(三) 心理諮商帶來的影響性：學習情緒管理、及如何與恐慌、憂鬱症狀共處第二部分療癒相關因子-嘗試與冒險、破除舊有框架、規律形成新的生活模式；(一) 從人際團體中得到支持力量：賽斯基金會/張老師自我探索/讀書會(二) 與大自然的接觸：五感體驗/正念呼吸/曬太陽/散步/爬山/游泳(三) 開啟興趣的一扇生命之窗：自我探索/心靈成長/興趣養成/落實執行 最後根據研究結果做討論與提出幾點建議及限制，作為未來研究、相關實務工作者、合併精神官能症患者、及患病家人陪伴者之參考。[[abstract]] Title of the Thesis: Factors Influencing the Healing and Recovery Process of Panic Disorder Comorbid with Depression The central focus of this thesis is the experience of anxiety caused by daily life stress, leading to the development of panic disorder in a state of persistent high-tension anxiety. Through an understanding of the healing and recovery process of patients with panic disorder comorbid with depression, three influencing factors were explored. Firstly, the impact of the comorbidity of panic disorder and depression on the lives of patients. Secondly, the paradoxical entanglement of substance and alcohol dependence. Lastly, the emotional and psychological struggles faced by patients in their journey of healing and resilience. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences of medication dependence, withdrawal, and the healing process among patients with panic disorder comorbid with depression. Qualitative research methods were employed, primarily using semi-structured interviews as the main data collection method. Narrative research and thematic analysis were utilized to compile and interpret the data. The participants of the study were three adults who suffered from co-occurring mental disorders, from addiction to complete abstinence and achieving physical and mental recovery. The research findings are as follows:1. Exploring the impact of panic disorder comorbidity on patients' lives:(a) Suppressed personality traits: Inadequate verbal expression and reluctance to seek external help.(b) Constant manifestation of emotional states: Worry, anxiety, fear, panic, depression, and despair. (c) Inducing negative physical symptoms: Dizziness, palpitations, tremors, insomnia, dysfunction, and suicidal tendencies.2. Understanding the contradictory entanglement of alcohol and substance dependence during the treatment process:(a) The dilemma of addiction and withdrawal: Struggling to make the difficult decision to access or give up substances; on one hand, substances and alcohol provide temporary relief, but on the other hand, long-term addiction exacerbates negative symptoms. (b) Stages of medication use: Initial stabilization of physical and mental well-being, mid-term adjustment and adaptation to the fluctuating symptoms of medication, and late-stage substitution of alcohol and exacerbation of side effects.3. The successful experiences of participants in psychological resilience and physiological withdrawal in the study are as follows: Part 1: Self-struggle process – Transition from negative beliefs to recovery and abstinence.(a) Suicidal thoughts arising from stressful situations: From suicidal intentions and actions to emerging from the brink of death.(b) Positive beliefs emerging amidst adversity: Sparking transformative motivations and self-healing power. (c) Impact of psychological counseling: Learning emotional management and coping with panic and depressive symptoms.Part 2: Healing-related factors - Attempting new experiences, breaking old patterns, and forming new lifestyles. (a) Receiving support from interpersonal networks: Seth Foundation/Teacher Zhang's self-exploration/reading clubs.(b) Connection with nature: Sensory experiences, mindful breathing, sun exposure, walking, hiking, and swimming. (c) Opening the window to interests: Self-exploration, spiritual growth, cultivating hobbies, and implementing action plans. Finally, based on the research findings, discussions are presented along with several suggestions and limitations for future research, relevant practitioners, individuals with comorbid mental disorders, and accompanying family members
[[alternative]]Value, Objectives, and Manipulation Methods of the National Health Insurance in Taiwan
No full text[[abstract]] 全民健康保險(National Health Insurance; NHI)應有價值是全民身心健康狀態創造的利益值;年度目標是全民健康指數欲達成的既定值。推動全民健保應有手段是：建立課徵健保費哲理以便獲得醫療資源，及操動(manipulating)醫療資源有效使用。其中位階在上目標領導位階在下手段的關係，可用中文字「正」上方「一」領導下方「止」表達。概因「一」字型具普遍寬廣義，故它同時形容全民；「止」與趾的字型不僅同音且同義，故用它形容推動全民健保力行之義。推動全民健保的核心問題為：如何設計自然運作的管理機制，使健保財務收支與醫病契合關係皆平衡。其意涵可用「道」(Dao)字型形容如下：1.道字右上兩點代表健保財務收入與支出的關係即是對立也是一體的；或代表診斷及醫療之效果(診療方式與病情的契合度)與診療效率對立統一體。2.道字緊臨兩點下水平線代表:上述兩個對立統一體須平衡。3.道字右下「自」代表自然，左邊「辵」代表運作，二者合併代表自然運作的機制。這表示「正道」是全民健保管理的自我平衡與運作的表現。透過此自我平衡與運作的機制將全民健保管理問題，製作成可具體討論型態是本文的主要內容。應用此「正道字型解析法」，詮釋目前台灣全民健保管理的是非功過，並提出有效的策略與建議，則為本文的主要研究結果。[[abstract]] The National Health Insurance (NHI) of Taiwan should create benefits for society by maintaining the national health status at a high level. The country has an annual objective of achieving a specific value of the national health index. Taiwan should promote the NHI through health insurance taxation, creating easy access to medical resources, and manipulating medical resources to ensure they are used effectively. Methods are currently subordinate to objectives in hospitals, which can be shown using a Chinese character 正 (pronounced “jheng”), which comprises two other characters, 一 and 止 (pronounced “yi” and “jhih”). The character 一 denotes integrate , and is used to leadership citizens; 止 denotes the implementation of the NHI. The core problem of the NHI’s implementation is how to design a management mechanism that achieves a natural operation and a balance between income and expenditure and in the doctor–patient relationship. On the basis of pictograms and knowing, this problem can be depicted using the Chinese character 道 (pronounced “dao”) that means road. First, the two upper right marks in 道 can depict the relationship between the income and expenditure of the NHI or between the effectiveness and efficiency of diagnosis and treatments (an opposite and integrated relationship). Second, the horizontal line under the two marks in 道 indicates that balance must be achieved. Third, the 自 (pronounced “zih”) on the lower right of 道 denotes nature, and the辵 (“chuo”) on the left side of 道 denotes operation; the combination of these two characters illustrates a mechanism of natural operation. Accordingly, 正 and 道 indicate the NHI’s self-balance and operation. This paper focuses on the self-balanced and operational mechanism of the NHI, uses analyses of the shapes of 正 and 道 to explain the current management of Taiwan’s NHI, and proposes practical recommendations
[[alternative]]Examining the Impact of Marketing Strategies for the Essential Oil Therapy Product on Consumer Behavior
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究旨在探討行銷策略對民眾對精油療法商品消費行為的影響，研究方法採問卷調查法收集資料，對象為使用精油療法商品之消費者，以口碑行銷、體驗行銷、消費者態度與消費者購買意願關係之研究分析行銷策略因素對消費行為的影響。研究結果顯示，各構面皆具有顯著正向影響，其中行銷策略之體驗行銷影響最大。此外，採隨機便利抽樣法來進行問卷調查，共發出174份，回收有167份，有效問卷為167份，有效問卷回收率達92.6%，本研究所得結論如下:1.口碑行銷對消費者態度構面兩者為正相關且達到顯著性。2.體驗行銷對消費者態度構面兩者為高度正相關且達到顯著性。3.消費者態度對消費者購買意願構面兩者為正相關且達到顯著性。4.口碑行銷與體驗行銷對消費者態度構面兩者為高度正相關且達到顯著性。5.口碑行銷與體驗行銷對消費者購買意願構面兩者為高度正相關且達到顯著性。[[abstract]] The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of marketing strategies for the essential oil therapy product on consumer behavior. Research data was collected using a questionnaire survey of target consumers who used essential oil therapy products. It aims to analyze the impact of marketing strategies on consumer behavior by studying the relationship among word of mouth, experiential marketing, consumer attitude and consumer purchase intention. The empirical results show that all aspects have a significant positive impact on consumers' attitudes and behaviors, among which experiential marketing strategies have a favorable impact on customers' purchase intentions. The convenience sampling method was used to carry out the questionnaire survey. A total of 174 questionnaires were distributed and 167 valid questionnaires were returned, it indicates the effective questionnaire recovery rate reached 92.6%. Five findings are concluded from the empirical results: First, word of mouth has a significant positive effect on consumer attitudes. Second, experiential marketing has a significant positive impact on consumer attitudes. Third, consumer attitudes are positively correlated with consumer purchase intentions. Fourth, both word-of-mouth marketing and experiential marketing have a significant impact on consumer attitudes. Finally, experiential marketing has a greater impact on consumers' purchase intention than word of mouth
[[alternative]]The Development of a Watering-Free, Soil-Based Vegetable Cultivation Box
No full text[[abstract]] 一般民眾在栽培時，對植物所需水量之概念較不足，時常澆水過量或缺乏，以及事情繁忙忘記澆水，導致植物脫水、枯萎及生長不良等等問題，甚至造成植物死亡，因此研究目的針對無園藝背景之民眾開發一種從播種到採收無需澆水之蔬菜土耕栽培方式，使用紅萵苣(Lactuca sativa cv. Hong-Cui)作為栽培對象，並探討此栽培方式對紅萵苣生理與生長之影響。使用四種肥料處理分別為尿素溶於水中稀釋500、1000倍 (U500、U1000)及全、半濃度霍格蘭培養液(Hoagland’s solution) (全HS、半HS)，搭配三種土(S)水(W)比例介質處理(S1:W1、S1:W2、S2:W1)，將肥料及土水混合後透過洋菜粉(15 g.L-1)凝固形成洋菜混合介質，共十二種實驗處理。 研究結果顯示，紅萵苣在全濃度HS肥料搭配三種土水介質生長最佳，其葉片數、葉面積、總鮮重皆顯著高於其它處理，僅有U1000處理搭配S2:W1土水比例之紅萵苣總乾重數值與全HS肥料處理無顯著差異；使用U500肥料搭配S1:W2介質處理之紅萵苣葉片數、葉面積、總鮮重及總乾重皆顯著低於其它處理。本研究結果發現紅萵苣總葉綠素之數值在U500肥料S1:W1最高並與其他處理有顯著性差異，而半HS肥料S1:W2土水比例之數值最低。U500肥料S1:W2介質及全HS肥料S1:W1介質紅萵苣之硝酸鹽含量顯著高於其它處理，反之半HS肥料S1:W1處理硝酸鹽含量最低，與其它處理有顯著性差異。研究中發現紅萵苣在尿素處理可得最高鈣、鈉離子含量，且顯著高於HS肥料處理，相反的栽培於HS肥料的紅萵苣鉀離子含量顯著高於尿素處理。 本次研究中所有處理從播種到採收期間紅萵苣亦無脫水之情形，因此本研究成功開發出一種從播種到採收28天無需澆水之土耕栽培方式，為首次無搭配自動化設備亦可達成無需澆水栽培植物，可謂創新之土耕栽培方式。[[abstract]] A common problem with growing plants by individuals who are not professionally trained is the lack of knowledge in terms of the amount of watering needed. Overwatering, underwatering, or forgetting to water plants are a common occurrence. This may lead to wilting, poor growth or even plant death. The aim of this study was to develop a soil-based vegetable cultivation method that requires no watering from seed sowing to harvesting for individuals with no horticulture background. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Hong-Cui) was used to investigate how its growth and physiology were affected using this method of cultivation. Four nutrient solution treatments were used, which included 2 g.L-1 urea (500x dilution; U500) and 1 g.L-1 urea (1000x dilution; U1000), as well as Hoagland’s solution (HS) (full strength and half strength). In addition, three soil:water ratios were studied: S1:W1, S1:W2, and S2:W1. After the fertilizer and soil were mixed, agar powder (15 g.L-1) was dissolved in the soil-water solution to create a gel-like medium, on which the lettuce plants were grown. Results of the study showed that, regardless of the soil:water ratio, the lettuce grew best in the soil-agar medium supplemented with full-strength HS. Their leaf numbers, leaf area, and leaf fresh weight were significantly higher than lettuce grown in the other treatments. Only the dry weight of lettuce cultivated in the S2:W1 soil-agar medium containing U1000 urea was similar to those grown in the full-strength HS treatment. On the other hand, lettuce grown in the S1:W2 soil-agar medium enriched with 2 g.L-1 urea (U500) produced the lowest number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight, which were significantly lower than the other treatments. Results also showed that the total chlorophyll content of lettuce grown was significantly higher in the S1:W1 soil-agar medium supplemented with 2 g.L-1 urea than those cultivated in other treatments. In contrast, lettuce grown in S1:W2 containing half-strength HS had the lowest chlorophyll content. Lettuce cultivated in S1:W2 and S1:W1 soil-agar medium containing 2 g.L-1 urea and full-strength HS, respectively, were found to produce a significantly higher amount of NO3 than those in other treatments. On the contrary, the lowest NO3 content was detected in the S1:W1 soil-agar medium enriched with half-strength HS. With regard to calcium and sodium content of lettuce leaves, a significantly higher amount was found in the soil-agar media supplemented with urea fertilizer than those containing HS fertilizer. The opposite was true for the potassium content of lettuce leaves. Wilting of lettuce plants was not evident in any of the treatments from seed sowing to harvesting. This study successfully developed an innovative method of growing lettuce in soil without the need for watering throughout the 28 days of cultivation. This soil-based cultivation method does not require any mechanical components, and to the best of our knowledge, is one of a kind in vegetable cultivation