E-Journals Portal of Association for Science
Not a member yet
4096 research outputs found
Sort by
The impact of the state of drinking water supply networks on the quality of water intended for consumption
No full textThe suitability of drinking water for drinking depends not only on the source and purification system, but also on the quality of the water supply facilities. In fact, the quality of drinking water is significantly deteriorating due to the dilapidated state and lack of maintenance of drinking water supply networks. Most of the drinking water supply networks in different cities are aging. Despite the efforts made by the company responsible for the purification and distribution of water to make the water suitable for drinking, the water in consumers\u27 taps is often colored, has an unpleasant taste and settles after collection. As a result, people are concerned about the suitability of tap water for drinking, and some turn to alternative sources of drinking water of unknown quality. In order to determine the factors responsible for the deterioration of the color and taste of water, as well as the most affected areas of the network, diagnostics of the network equipment were carried out. Water samples taken from the network were analyzed for color and turbidity. Diagnostics showed that most of the equipment (suction cups, valves, drains and fire hydrants) are outdated and irregularly maintained. The analyses show that water is more colored in cast iron and PVC pipes than in asbestos-cement pipes. The color values in the network vary from 0 to 27 UVC for asbestos-cement pipes, from 15 to 56 UCV for ductile iron pipes and from 11 to 102 UCV for PVC pipes. On the other hand, the turbidity values vary from 8.02 to 3.32 NTU for ductile iron pipes, from 8.51 to 16.98 NTU for asbestos-cement pipes and from 0.9 to 6.98 NTU for PVC pipes. Old cast iron pipes release iron ions when in contact with water, which deteriorates their color. Old cast iron pipes release iron ions into the water, which deteriorates its color. High color values observed near drains are believed to be due to irregular network maintenance. In fact, after network maintenance, a decrease in turbidity of 2% to 73% is observed, while for color, this figure varies from 5% to 72%. In short, network aging and irregular maintenance contribute significantly to the deterioration of water quality
Calculation of Coefficient of Subgrade Reaction with Different Norms
No full textThe paper discusses the model of the interaction of the building and the soil (foundation) under static loads and their joint work determines the stressed-deformed state of the structure. The calculation was carried out using the computer software complex “LIRA SAPR 2024”, which is based on the finite element method. The calculation was carried out with the building stiffness varying (the thickness of the foundation slab varies), and various methods of calculation for a flexible foundation were also used. The results obtained were analyzed. In the examples considered in the paper, various construction numbers and rules (“SP22.13330.2011/2016”, “SP 50-101-2004”, “DBN B.2.1-10:2009”, “SNIP 2.02.01.-83”). The calculation was carried out using the computer software complex “LIRA SAPR 2024”, which is based on the finite element method “FEM”
მრავალჯერადი გამოყენების მიკროფილტრაციული აპარატი მინერალური წყლების წარმოებაში
No full textCurrently, Mineral Water Bottling Enterprises use disposable paper filters containing asbestos for the filtration of mineral waters, which is medically unacceptable.
The aim of this study was to examine the filtration quality, the performance of a membrane apparatus developed by us, and the regularities of filtrate volume reduction during the filtration of mineral waters (Borjomi, Nabeghlavi, Kokotauri).
In our filtration apparatus, a fluoroplastic membrane was used, which is approved for use in food technology and medicine. Through modification, a membrane with pore sizes ensuring the disinfection of mineral waters during filtration was obtained.
The composition, concentrations, and technological regimes of regeneration solutions for the membranes were determined, making it possible to reuse the microfiltration apparatus multiple times, thereby reducing the cost of mineral water filtration.
Analysis results confirmed that the filtrate does not contain suspended or undissolved substances and is characterized by clarity and transparency. The initial ion composition of the mineral waters is fully preserved after filtration.დღეისათვის საწარმოები გამოიყენებენ მინერალური წყლების ფილტრაციის დროს ერთჯერად ქაღალდის ფილტრებს, რომლის შემადგენლობაშიც შედის აზბესტი, რაც სამედიცინო თვალსაზრისით მიუღებელია.
კვლევის მიზანს წარმოადგენდა მინერალური წყლების (ბორჯომი, ნაბეღლავი, კოკოტაური) ფილტრაციისას ფილტრაციის ხარისხის, ჩვენ მიერ დამზადებული მემბრანული აპარატის წარმადობისა და ფილტრატის რაოდენობის შემცირების კანონზომიერების შესწავლა.
ჩვენ მიერ ფილტრაციულ აპარატში გამოყენებულია ფთოროპლასტური მემბრანა, რომელიც ნებადართულია კვების ტექნოლოგიებსა და მედიცინაში. მოდიფიცირების გზით მიღებულია ისეთი ზომების ფორებიანი მემბრანა, რომელიც უზრუნველყოფს ფილტრაციისას მინერალური წყლების გაუსნებოვნებას.
დადგენილია მემბრანების სარეგენერაციო ხსნარების შემადგენლობა, კონცენტრაციები და რეგენერაციის ტექნოლოგიური რეჟიმები, რომლებიც შესაძლებელს გახდის მიკროფილტრაციული აპარატის მრავალჯერადად გამოყენებას, რაც, თავის მხრივ, შეამცირებს მინერალური წყლების ფილტრაციის ხარჯებს.
ანალიზის შედეგებით დადგენილია, რომ ფილტრატი არ შეიცავს შეწონილ, გაუხსნელ ნივთიერებებს, გამოირჩევა სიკამკამითა და გამჭვირვალობით. ფილტრაციის შემდეგ მინერალურ წყლებში სრულად შენარჩუნებულია საწყისი იონების შემადგენლობა
ხისტი ძალის გამოვლენის პრეცედენტები რუსეთ-საქართველოს ურთიერთობებში
No full textAfter the collapse of the Soviet Union, the emergence of new independent states in the post-Soviet space was accompanied by the intensification of ethno-political conflicts. In this space, the Caucasus is the most diverse region in terms of culture and ethno-confession. Three ethno-political conflicts have arisen here - the Armenian-Azerbaijani, Georgian-Abkhazian, and Georgian-Ossetian conflicts. The Caucasus is a place of interest for global and regional players, and these conflicts can be considered as a part of a large geopolitical game, and the parties to the conflict are pawns of these players. The competition between the great powers also determines the maneuvering of the ruling elites of the Caucasian countries. They set the elites of these countries against each other in the global game in order to pursue their interests. For centuries, Georgia, due to its geostrategic location, has been and continues to be an object of interest for Russia and other major powers. Therefore, it is important to analyze ethno-political conflicts and the 2008 war as a precedent for the manifestation of hard power concerning Georgia. საბჭოთა კავშირის დაშლის შემდეგ, პოსტსაბჭოთა გეოპოლიტიკურ სივრცეში, ახალი სუვერენული სახელმწიფოების წარმოშობას თან სდევდა ეთნოპოლიტიკური კონფლიქტების გაღვივებაც. კავკასია, ამ სივრცეში, კულტურულად და ეთნო-კონფესიონალური თვალსაზრისით, ყველაზე მრავალფეროვან რეგიონს წარმოადგენს, სადაც სამი ეთნო-პოლიტიკური კონფლიქტი წარმოიშვა: ყარაბაღის -სომხურ-აზერბაიჯანული, ქართულ-აფხაზური და ქართულ-ოსური. კავკასია გლობალური და რეგიონული მოთამაშეების დაინტერესების ადგილია და ეს კონფლიქტები დიდი გეოპოლიტიკური თამაშის ნაწილად შეიძლება მივიჩნიოთ, ხოლო კონფლიქტის მონაწილე მხარეები ამ მოთამაშეების - პაიკებად. დიდ ძალებს შორის არსებული კონკურენცია კავკასიის ქვეყნების მმართველი ელიტების მანევრირებასაც განაპირობებს. გლობალურ პოლიტიკურ არენაზე აქტორები ახორციელებენ სტრატეგიულ მანევრებს, რომელთა მიზანია საკუთარი ინტერესების რეალიზაცია. საუკუნეების მანძილზე, საქართველო, თავისი გეოსტრატეგიული მდებარეობის გამო, რუსეთის და სხვა დიდი სახელმწიფოების ინტერესის ობიექტს წარმოადგენდა და წარმოადგენს, აქედან გამომდინარე, აუცილებელია ეთნოპოლიტიკური კონფლიქტების ანალიზი და 2008 წლის კონფლიქტის განხილვა, როგორც საქართველოსთან მიმართებით ხისტი ძალის გამოყენების პრეცედენტული შემთხვევისა
სამუშაო გარემო და ქალთა ჯანმრთელობა
No full textThe conceptual basis of population’s reproductive health care problem is premature detection and prevention of reproductive disorders caused by the influence of various adverse factors. Evaluation of these disorders and primary prevention remains a less-heeded and acute problem of health care. According to WHO’s Global Strategy-”Labor Medicine for All”, it is necessary to prevent reproductive health disorders for both sex employees. The aim of research is to study the diseases caused by the influence of harmful industrial chemical factors on the reproductive health of women employed in different fields of Georgian industry (LTD Caspi Plant of “HeidelbergCement Georgia”, Zestafoni Ferro Alloy Plant and Chiatura ores of LTD “GeorgianManganese”). Epidemiological research of the employed women’s contingent was conducted in these enterprises. The primary material was obtained using a questionnaire developed by internationally recognized criteria for reproductive health. The questionnaire included age (16 - 60 years and above) and years of work (0 - 25 years and above) and following indicators such as menstrual cycle disturbance, spontaneous abortions, toxic pregnancy, stillbirth and low weight of newborns. On the base of analysis, the preventive recommendations were elaborated
როზენბერგის სკალა - თვითშეფასების ინსტრუმენტი
No full textThe paper presents definition of self-esteem, its causing factors and consequences, which often compose a vicious circle. There are different methods for measurement of selfesteem. One of them is Rosenberg’s scale which has been used successfully up to date. The paper gives a list of different instruments with short description. Rosenberg’s scale is introduced in details. There are presented data received from the studies of self-esteem among young persons using Rosenberg’s scale
THE SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE OF MANIFESTATION ON KEY ISSUE ASPECTS OF FEATURES, ROLE AND FUNCTION OF THE FAMILY DOCTOR IN THE 21 CENTURY IN GENERAL
No full textThe role of the family doctor, or general practitioner (GP), has been a cornerstone of healthcare systems globally for decades. However, the 21st century has ushered in an unprecedented convergence of demographic shifts, technological advancements, economic pressures, and evolving patient expectations that have fundamentally challenged and transformed this role. This extensive discussion delves into the scientific discourse surrounding the key features, roles, and functions of the contemporary family doctor. It moves beyond a simple description of tasks to explore the complex interplay between the core principles of primary care and the demands of modern medicine. The analysis is structured around several critical themes: the evolution from a generalist to a precisionist and navigator; the impact of digital health technologies, including AI and telemedicine; the imperative of person-centeredness and shared decision-making in an era of consumerism; the challenges posed by multimorbidity and an aging population; the family doctor as a leader and coordinator within integrated care systems; and the ongoing issues of workforce sustainability and professional identity. By synthesizing evidence from health services research, sociology, health policy, and clinical medicine, this discussion argues that the 21st-century family doctor must embody a paradoxical identity: both a high-tech diagnostician and a high-touch healer, a data-driven manager and an empathetic confidant, a system leader and a patient advocate. The future resilience of healthcare systems depends on recognizing, supporting, and strategically investing in this evolved and complex role.The first and most defining feature is that of a specialist in whole-person medicine. Eschewing a narrow organ- or disease-focused perspective, the family doctor employs a biopsychosocial model, understanding that illness is often an interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors. This holistic lens is the only effective approach for managing multimorbidity, viewing it not as a collection of discrete diseases but as a unified state affecting a single individual. The second cardinal feature is longitudinality, or continuity of care. The long-term relationship spanning generations and life stages is a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic tool in itself, fostering deep trust, enabling the detection of subtle changes over time, and providing the essential context for meaningful clinical decisions. The third feature is the function as the first point of contact and the navigator of the healthcare system. The family doctor acts as the primary entry point, performing initial assessment and triage, managing the majority of presenting problems, and coordinating specialist referrals when needed. This ensures the right patient sees the right specialist at the right time, enhancing efficiency and preventing care fragmentation. These core features give rise to a multifaceted and expanding set of roles and functions. The clinical role remains paramount but has evolved; diagnosis now often involves unraveling the complex interplay of multiple conditions, while management focuses on optimization of function, medication regimens, and quality of life aligned with patient goals. This requires mastery of therapeutic communication and motivational interviewing. Inextricably linked is the role of health promoter and preventive medicine expert. In an era of lifestyle-driven chronic diseases, the family doctor provides evidence-based counseling on risk factors and orchestrates screening programs, increasingly utilizing data-driven risk assessment tools. Perhaps the most critical emerging function is that of care coordinator and integrator. The family doctor sits at the center of a network of specialists and allied health professionals, reconciling treatments, synthesizing advice, and ensuring a coherent, safe, and manageable care plan, thus safeguarding against systemic fragmentation. Acting as a patient advocate is another crucial function, both at the individual level—navigating insurance and system bureaucracy on behalf of the patient—and at a community level, identifying and addressing public health concerns. The family doctor remains the essential human counterbalance to technological and systemic fragmentation, ensuring that advanced medicine retains its compassionate core and unwavering focus on the whole person throughout their life journey
Challenges in the Georgian Energy Sector and the Role of AI Programs in the Development of Georgian Power Grid
No full textGeorgia\u27s power grid faces challenges related to its existing radial infrastructure, increasing consumption, and the integration of generation and transit capacities, along with new issues that have arisen in recent years due to energy market liberalization and climate change. The liberalization of the energy market has led to limits on reserve size and systematization, as well as the establishment of daily, hourly, 15-minute, and 5-minute electricity trading. This shift has moved operations beyond the comfort zone of dispatchers and has contributed to the automation and computerization of electricity trading and exchanges, thereby increasing the risk of cyber attacks and information insecurity.
To combat climate change, thermal and nuclear plants are being paired with wind and solar variable generation. The growing use of renewable energy sources requires the development of effective management strategies to satisfy the global demand for clean and affordable energy. One of the United Nations\u27 Sustainable Development Goals is to ensure universal access to reliable, affordable, and sustainable energy. Achieving this goal necessitates innovative solutions and modern technologies to tackle constraints such as insufficient energy generation, faulty transmission and distribution infrastructure, accessibility challenges, and weather-related issues. Artificial intelligence presents a significant opportunity to meet the demands of modern society. Recent advancements in neural network research, machine learning, and cognitive computing have created new possibilities for energy management, monitoring, and optimization.
Artificial intelligence (AI) programs can help minimize losses and costs, promote clean renewable energy sources within global energy systems, and enhance the design, operation, and control of power systems. The article discusses the challenges and opportunities in the energy sector and highlights the role of artificial intelligence in the advancement of Georgia\u27s energy system