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Study on the Evaluation of Marine Climate Change Monitoring and Prediction Activities using AHP
No full text정부는 기후·기후변화 감시 및 예측 등에 관한 법률을 제정하고, 해양 기후변화 감시 및 예측 R&D 및 체계 개선을 위해 노력하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 해양 기후변화 감시 및 예측 활동에 대한 전문가의 인식과 기술수준을 평가하고, 상대적 우선순위를 제시함으로써 정부의 효율적인 정책 수립과 실효성 제고에 기여하고자 한다. 연구방법으로 정부, 연구기관, 대학, 민간기업 등 소속 전문가를 대상으로 해양 기후변화 감시 및 예측 활동에 대한 전반적인 인식과 기술수준을 평가하였다. 또한 감시 및 예측 활동 구조화 및 상대적 중요도 분석을 통한 상대적 우선순위를 결정하고 전문가 인식과 기술수준 간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과 전문가들은 해양 자연적·경제적 재해에 대응하기 위해 정부의 기후전략 수립이 매우 필요하다고 인식하고 있다. 상대적 중요도 평가 결과, 정보 관리 및 공동활동 영역이 가장 중요한 활동으로 분석되었다. 소속에 따른 집단의 목적과 이해관계가 해양 기후변화 감시 및 예측 활동에 대한 인식과 중요도에 영향을 미친다는 것을 확인하였다. 정부의 해양 기후변화 활동 지원 측면에서 상대적 우선순위를 고려하여 실효성 있는 정책을 도모할 필요가 있다.22Nkc
Cobalt mineralization in the Maru vent field, Central Indian Ridge
No full text중앙해령 열수계에서의 코발트 부화는 일반적으로 초염기성암 기질 환경에 국한되어 보고되며, 주로 기질–유체 상호작용에 따른 금속 공급원 특성 차이로 해석된다. 하지만, Maru vent field (MVF)는 기존에 보고된 초염기성암 열수계의 보고치보다 높은 평균 4,757 ppm의 코발트 이상 부화를 특징으로 하여, 금속 공급원의 기여만으로 설명하기에는 분명한 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 초염기성암 기반 열수계에서 기질–유체 상호작용이 코발트의 주요 공급원임을 검증하고, 유체 진화 과정 중 고온성 광화작용(약 335 °C)이 황화광물 내 고용체 형태의 코발트 농집을 촉진함을 규명하였다. 또한, 황화광물의 재결정화에 따른 코발트 재분배가 수소(21 mmol/kg)가 농집된 환원 환경에서 휘코발트석(cobaltite)을 침전시켜 코발트의 2차 부화에 중요한 역할을 했음을 확인하였다. 따라서, 중앙해령 열수계에서의 코발트 농집은 단일 인자(금속 공급원)에 의해 규제되기보다 기질-유체 상호작용, 광화 조건, 재분배 과정이 복합적으로 작용한 결과로 해석되며, 특히 수소가 농집된 고온 유체에 의해 형성된 초염기성암 기반 해저열수광상은 향후 코발트 자원 심해 탐사의 전략적 유망 지역으로 판단된다.2
Isolation and Characterization of Secondary Metabolites from the Marine Sponge Sarcotragus spinosulus
No full textThe marine sponge Sarcotragus spinosulus, collected from Chuuk, Micronesia, was investigated for its secondary metabolites. The study led to the isolation of irciniastatin A (1), a new-in-nature derivative (2), and a previously unreported derivative (3). In addition, eight meroterpenes were obtained: three hydroquinone derivatives (4–6), three chromene derivatives (7–9), and two chromane derivatives (10–11). An unreported 2-substituted thiazole bearing a saturated fatty acid side chain (12) was also characterized. Structural elucidation was performed using 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Biological evaluation of all isolated compounds is currently in progress.2
LC-MS-guided isolation of triterpene glycosides from Holothuria atra: structural features governing TRPA1 inhibition
No full textLC-MS-guided investigation of the sea cucumber Holothuria atra led to the isolation of 16 triterpene glycosides (1–16), including seven previously unreported compounds—three sulfated (1, 3, 5) and four non-sulfated (12, 13, 15, 16). The majority of the compounds were identified as mono-sulfated holothurin derivatives, bearing the typical holostene skeleton, while compounds 15 and 16 featured a new aglycone with an 8(9),11(12)-diene scaffold. As triterpene glycosides have been previously reported to exhibit significant TRPA1 inhibitory effects, a series of chemical modifications was performed on the isolated compounds to elucidate the structural features governing biological activity across this chemical diversity. These modifications included alkaline hydrolysis to produce desulfated analogues (17–19) and acid hydrolysis to yield sapogenins (20–22). The obtained compounds were subsequently evaluated for their efficacy against TRPA1. Among the tested copmounds, sulfated glycoside 6—bearing a 9(11)-holostenediol with a 22-hydroxy side chain—exhibited the most potent TRPA1 inhibition (IC₅₀ = 1.4 µM). These findings provide important insights into the pharmacological potential of sea cucumber glycosides and contribute to the development of marine-derived TRPA1 antagonists for therapeutic applications.2
Tannic acid suppresses vitamin C’s hormetic effects in HCT-15 low-SVCT2-expressing colorectal cancer cells by upregulating SVCT2
No full textIntracellular vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AA) uptake by sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter (SVCT2) is critical for high-dose AA therapy in colorectal cancer. However, hormetic responses to AA treatment are dependent on SVCT2 expression level. In low-SVCT2-expressing colorectal cancer cells, low intracellular AA enhances cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, SVCT2 induction is necessary to increase intracellular AA and thus improve its anti-cancer effects. We report the anticancer effects of combined tannic acid (TA) and AA treatment. In HCT-15 colorectal cancer cells with low SVCT2 expression, TA treatment upregulated SVCT2 expression, which increased the expression of transcription factor and its co-activator, resulting in high intracellular levels of AA (exerting a pro-oxidant effect), thus inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and increasing the percentage of apoptosis cells. Expression of apoptosis-related markers (Bcl-2, BAX, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3) was regulated after treatment with the combination. Furthermore, in a mouse xenograft model, TA induced SVCT2 expression in the tumor, and combined administration of TA with AA impaired tumor growth. These results suggest that TA suppresses the hormetic effects of AA by upregulating SVCT2 expression, which induces intracellular AA uptake and improves the potential for high-dose AA cancer therapy.11Nsciescopu
시간 경과에 따른 해양 침적 쓰레기가 중형저서동물 군집 구조에 미치는 영향 및 회수 후 회복 양상
No full text해양쓰레기는 현재 심각한 환경문제 중 하나로, 그 양은 점점 증가하는 추세를 보이는 것으로 알려져 있다. 다양한 형태의 해양쓰레기 중 저서에 침적되는 쓰레기들은 부유하는 쓰레기들이나 해안에 축적되는 쓰레기들보다 관리 및 수거가 어렵기에, 이들이 환경에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 또한 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 저서 환경에서 생태학적으로 중요한 위치를 차지하는 중형저서동물을 대상으로 이들 군집에 해양침적쓰레기가 주는 영향을 파악하고자 실험을 진행하였다. 실험은 2024년 4월부터 2025년 4월까지, 총 1년간 진행되었다. 쓰레기 설치 전 실험 지역의 군집 구조를 파악하기 위해 최초 대조구 시료를 채취하였고, 이후 4가지 종류의 쓰레기 (통발, 마대, PET병, 타이어)를 인위적으로 실험 지역에 침적시켰다. 실험 시작 후 1, 3, 5, 7개월 경과 시, 침적시킨 쓰레기의 일부를 회수하고 실험구 시료들을 채취하였으며, 비교를 위해 인근의 쓰레기가 없는 지역에서 대조구 시료를 채취하였다. 실험 시작 후 7개월 경과 시에는 침적시켰던 쓰레기들이 모두 회수되었다. 쓰레기가 모두 회수된 후 2개월 및 5개월 경과 시 쓰레기가 존재했던 지역에서의 군집 변화를 확인하고자 회복구 시료들을 채취하였으며, 비교를 위해 인근에서 대조구 시료도 함께 채취하였다. 실험 결과, 중형저서동물 군집 구조는 실험 시작 후 3개월 및 5개월 경과 시 대조구와 실험구 간에 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 중형저서동물의 서식밀도는 실험 시작 후 5개월 경과 시까지 대조구보다 실험구에서 더 낮게 나타났지만, 7개월 경과 시에는 이러한 차이가 거의 나타나지 않았다. 그러나, 7개월 경과 시 타이어에 노출된 실험구의 경우, 대조구 및 다른 실험구와 군집 구조가 분리된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 해양침적쓰레기가 중형저서동물 군집에 부정적 영향을 미칠 수 있지만, 시간이 경과할수록 쓰레기의 존재 외에 다른 환경요소가 주는 영향이 더 강하게 작용했을 가능성을 시사하며, 이러한 영향은 쓰레기의 종류에 따라 다르게 나타나는 것으로 사료된다. 쓰레기가 모두 회수된 후, 대조구와 회복구 간의 중형저서동물 군집의 차이는 특별히 나타내지 않았다. 하지만 회수 후 2개월 경과 시에는 대부분의 회복구가 대조구보다 낮은 서식밀도를 나타내었으며, 회수 후 5개월 경과 시에 대부분 대조구와 유사한 서식밀도가 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 중형저서동물의 서식밀도가 쓰레기 회수 후 충분히 회복되기까지 최소 5개월 이상이 필요함을 시사한다.2
Transcriptional Response of the Jellyfish Sanderia malayensis polyp to Ocean Acidification
No full textOcean acidification, alongside ocean warming, is a growing concern driven by global climate change. These environmental shifts can significantly impact the metabolism and physiology of marine organisms. In this study, we investigated the transcriptional response of the jellyfish Sanderia malayensis polyp to acidified seawater using RNA sequencing and gene ontology (GO) analysis. Polyps were exposed to an acidified condition (pH 7.8) for 10 and 20 days. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that genes associated with fatty acid transport and metabolism, proteolysis, carboxylic acid transport, and molecular binding activity were upregulated after 20 days of exposure. Conversely, GO terms such as DNA integration, metabolic processes, and nucleic acid binding were enriched among downregulated genes in the same group. Additionally, genes involved in the regulation of RNA and DNA metabolic processes, as well as transcription factor activity, appeared to be affected more strongly after 20 days than after 10 days. Overall, our findings suggest that ocean acidification may disrupt various metabolic pathways in Sanderia malayensis polyps, potentially as part of a physiological strategy to maintain homeostasis through the regulation of energy metabolism and genetic stability.2
A Positive Relationship Between Daisaku Ikeda’s Environmental Thoughts and the Growth of Korea Soka Gakkai International (KSGI)
No full textThis paper examines the religious-sociological implications and characteristics of Buddhist environmentalism as articulated in the annual peace proposals of Daisaku Ikeda, founder of Soka Gakkai International (SGI). Leading the lay Buddhist organization established in Guam, USA, in 1975, Ikeda has emphasized the principle of dependent origination and promoted active civic engagement with environmental movements. In the Korean context, a key theoretical question from a religious-sociological perspective is how Ikeda’s environmental ideas have influenced the religious identity of Korea SGI (KSGI) members and contributed to the organization’s growth. Considering that it was not until the 1990s that Buddhist environmentalism in Korea began to move beyond its association with Marxist class struggle and incorporate ecological thought, it is noteworthy that KSGI had already been disseminating Ikeda’s Buddhist environmentalism since the 1970s, fostering an understanding of humanity, nature, and the world from a holistic perspective. This paper concludes that Ikeda’s ideas provided KSGI members with a new Buddhist philosophical and social framework through which to internalize the peaceful coexistence of human and non-human life, grounded in the Buddhist conceptualization of the greater self and global citizenship.33Yscopu
Development of a Mass Antiviral Screening System Using Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus as an RNA Surrogate and Activity Confirmation with a Fish Rhabdovirus
No full textWith emerging viruses and drug resistance on the rise, the discovery and development of innovative antiviral substances and agents are necessary for the effective treatment and control of viral outbreaks. Surrogate viruses are safer alternatives used in research to mimic dangerous or hard-to-culture viruses. They enable efficient, ethical, and cost-effective screening of antiviral compounds. In this study, we used a recombinant viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (rVHSV) expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein as a surrogate for RNA viruses for the high-throughput screening of antiviral agents. An optimized mixture of viruses and EPC host cells was distributed in 96-well plates containing chemical compounds or plant extracts for screening. Using this system, 44,642 chemical compounds and 8104 plant and marine organism extracts were tested; 140 candidates were selected from primary screening, and 8 compounds and 5 plant extracts were further selected based on the selectivity index (SI), representing the ratio of the cytotoxic concentration (CC50) to the inhibition concentration (IC50). Among these, compound 3, which had the highest SI value of 1046, was further tested, considering in vitro activity against VHSV and another fish rhabdovirus, snakehead rhabdovirus (SHRV).11Ysciescopu
Numerical modeling of sediment transport and morphological changes in semi-enclosed garolim bay
No full textThe morphodynamic evolution of tidal flats is primarily controlled by wave and tidal current processes. Sea-level rise (SLR) has the potential to modify these processes, particularly by increasing water depth, which can alter wave characteristics such as propagation and breaking patterns. These changes, in turn, influence overall morphodynamic trends (Elmilady et al., 2022). This study uses numerical modeling to analyze the impact of SLR on hydrodynamic conditions and associated morphological changes. The study area is Garolim Bay, a semi-enclosed coastal bay located on the west coast of South Korea, characterized by well-developed, non-vegetated tidal flats (Figure 1). The hydrodynamic processes in Garolim Bay are mainly driven by tidal variations, with a mean tidal range of 6.39 m during spring tide and 2.86 m during neap tide. The maximum tidal current velocity near the bay mouth reaches 1.4 m/s during flood tide and 1.1 m/s during ebb tide, gradually decreasing towards the inner bay (Jo and Lee, 2008). Notably, the bay is not connected to any major river systems, meaning that the primary sediment supply consists of suspended sediment transported from the bay mouth. This unique setting makes it an ideal site for investigating morphological changes in response to hydrodynamic and marine environmental variations.To study morphological changes in response to SLR, we employed a coupled model consisting of a threedimensional hydrodynamic model integrated with wave, sediment transport, and morphodynamic models. This approach allows for the simulation of three-dimensional flow within the bay, the transport of suspended sediment, and the resulting morphological changes driven by tides and waves (Kim et al., 2023). The comprehensive model was validated using in situ data, including tidal levels, currents, wave heights, and suspended sediment concentrations. Satellite imagery was used to generate a spatial topographic dataset of the bay due to the relatively large study area and extensive tidal flats, which limited drone-based surveys (Figure 1). The impact of SLR on morphological changes was modeled specifically for the flood season, as this period has a relatively more significant influence on tidal flat dynamics due to external forcing conditions such as typhoons. This study could provide valuable insights into the response of tidal flats to SLR-induced hydrodynamic changes within the bay. In particular, given that tidal flats are recognized as blue carbon (Yang et., al, 2025), the results are expected to aid in predicting shifts in sediment dynamics and carbon storage under future sea-level rise scenarios.1