Journal of Public Health Sciences
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Predisposing Factors of Vaginal Discharge in Pregnant Women in the Coastal Area of Bengkulu City
Get PDFPregnancy, a natural process, entails physiological discomfort, such as vaginal discharge. This discharge is categorized as normal (physiological) or abnormal (pathological). Normal discharge is colorless, odorless, and not excessive, while abnormal discharge is cloudy, thick, and may have unpleasant odors and itchiness. This study in the coastal area of Bengkulu City aims to identify characteristics of pregnant women and explore predisposing factors for vaginal discharge. Utilizing a quantitative survey method with 107 purposively sampled pregnant women, the study focused on independent variables like Knowledge and Personal Hygiene, with vaginal discharge as the dependent variable. The results indicate that over half of the respondents (57%) demonstrated good knowledge, 52.3% exhibited good personal hygiene behavior, and 61% experienced physiological vaginal discharge. In conclusion, knowledge and personal hygiene emerge as critical factors influencing vaginal discharge in pregnant women
Optimizing Handwashing Practices through Audiovisual-Based Health Education: A Pre-Experimental Study at Sanggar Belajar Aisyiyah Kampung Pandan, Malaysia
Get PDFThe correct practice of handwashing among preschool children remains notably deficient, consequently contributing to a heightened prevalence of infectious diseases within this age group. To ameliorate this situation, the utilization of audiovisual-based health education has been proposed as an effective means. The principal aim of this investigation is to enhance handwashing behaviors in preschool children. Employing a quantitative approach, the study adopted a pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test research design, encompassing a sample size of 46 participants selected via a total sampling technique. Data was gathered through the utilization of observation sheets and subsequently analyzed employing the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The outcomes unveiled that, before the implementation of health education, handwashing behavior was predominantly subpar, with 95.6% of cases falling into this category. However, post-health education, the majority of cases (87%) exhibited commendable handwashing behavior. This transformation was supported by a p-value of 0.000, underscoring the substantive impact of audiovisual-based health education on handwashing practices among preschool children. It is advisable for the research site to consistently reinforce these behaviors by regularly presenting handwashing instructional videos
Stroke and Ischemic Heart Disease among LGBT Sexual and Gender Minorities in Japan
Get PDFLeading causes of death in Japan include stroke and ischemic heart disease (IHD). It has been unclear regarding risk for these diseases among sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) in Japan. Using cross-sectional data from JACSIS (Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey) 2022, participants were categorized in cisgender/heterosexual, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender based on sex at birth, gender identity and sexual orientation. Outcome was measured by past history of stroke or IHD. Multivariable logistic regression was constructed adjusting for risk factors. 24,298 participants were eligible for analysis. Overweight/obesity was prevalent among gay and bisexual participants, while lesbians and transgenders were implausible compared to cisgender/heterosexuals. After adjusting for potential covariates, all SGM groups experienced increased prevalence of stroke (transgender odds ratio [OR], 2.97; 95% CI, 1.74-5.06, gay OR, 2.69; 95%CI, 2.00-3.64, lesbian OR, 2.44; 95%CI, 1.0-3.40, bisexual OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.01-3.40) and IHD (transgender OR, 2.92; 95%CI, 1.75-4.86, gay OR, 2.18; 95%CI, 1.64-2.91, lesbian OR, 1.96; 95%CI, 1.32-2.93, bisexual OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.65-2.31) compared to cisgender/heterosexuals. SGMs in Japan have different prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors compared to Western countries. SGMs face higher prevalence of stroke or IHD, and transgenders were most vulnerable. There is much need in support for the health of SGMs in Japan
The Relationship Between Social Support and Depression Level in Victims of Domestic Violence
Get PDFDomestic violence (DV) has significant mental health consequences, including depression. Social support plays a critical role in mitigating these effects. This study aims to explore the relationship between social support and depression levels among domestic violence victims. The research employed a correlational, cross-sectional design, collecting data via questionnaires. The instruments used included demographic data, the Social Support Questionnaire-6 (SSQ-6) to assess social support, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to measure depression levels. The study population consisted of 40 women victims of domestic violence who had reported their cases to the UPTD PPA in West Java Province. Bivariate data analysis was conducted using the Spearman test. The majority of respondents were aged 25-44 (57.5%), had a high school education (40%), were unemployed (75%), and had experienced psychological violence (30%). A notable 62.5% of respondents reported insufficient social support, and 45% were found to have moderate depression. The analysis revealed a significant relationship between social support and depression levels (p-value= 0.005, <0.05). These findings confirm that there is a significant association between social support and depression levels in domestic violence victims
Cupping Therapy as a Complementary Approach to Enhancing Kidney Health: A Review of Current Evidence
Get PDFMaintaining good kidney health is of paramount importance for the overall well-being and longevity of an individual., The exploration of complementary and alternative therapeutic practices to support overall health including renal function is a subject of growing interest over the years. Cupping therapy is an example of such intervention which has gained attention for its potential benefits in various health issues, including pain management, recovery, gastrointestinal issues, and preventive therapy. This study summarizes the findings from various studies on the impact of cupping therapy on parameters related to kidney health. The review emphasizes the need for further research to establish the efficacy and safety of cupping therapy as a complementary approach in the maintenance of kidney health, prevention and management of renal disorders, as well as the need for standardized practice of its applications
Exploring Coconut Oil as a Green Substitute for Xylene in Histology Clearing: A Thorough Literature Review on Enhanced Quality Descriptions
Get PDFCoconut oil, derived from tropical plants, contains steroid compounds, tocopherols, and tocotrienols that can replace alcohol in tissue preparations. These substances are then substituted with solutions that bind effectively to paraffin. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of histology preparations using natural ingredients, specifically coconut oil and xylene, as alternatives in the clearing process. Utilizing the literature review method, we accessed research journals from Google Scholar and Pubmed databases, focusing on PICO keywords within 2013-2022. The findings indicate that coconut oil can efficiently clear tissue preparations, allowing paraffin to permeate the tissue's pores. This, in turn, enhances the visibility of cellular structures such as the nucleus and cytoplasm when observed under a microscope. The study highlights coconut oil as a credible substitute for xylene, recognizing its ability to produce high-quality histology preparations. Its adoption as an alternative to xylene is attributed to its eco-friendly composition and non-toxic properties, positioning it as a promising choice for advancing histological techniques
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Antibiotic Use: Inputs to the Development of Educational Materials on Antibiotics
Get PDFThis research study was designed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antibiotic use among patients of Rural Health Units in the 5th Congressional District of Camarines Sur, Philippines. Specifically, it aimed to determine the relationship between the demographic profile of the patients and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices on antibiotic use. We also analyze the relationship between the factors that influence antibiotic use and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices and develop educational materials for awareness campaign and counseling. This study uses the descriptive-survey method, of which the questionnaire as the primary data gathering tool supplemented by guided interviews. We used the quota sampling method to determine the 350 respondents in the study. We selected 50 patients from each municipality using the convenience method. Most of the patient’s antibiotics use were highly influenced by the financial problem or personal factors, environmental factors, lack of knowledge and information on antibiotics, and socio-economic factors. The personal, environmental, and socio-economic factors that influence antibiotic use are significantly related to the patients' knowledge, attitudes, and antibiotic use practices. The educational materials developed in the study may enhance the level of awareness upon its utilization during educational campaign and patients counseling.
Examining The Diabetic Patient's Awareness of Their Conditions and Physical Activity Level in Saudi Arabia
Get PDFOver the past decade, thousands of research described the effects of increased physical activity on diabetic patients. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered one of the most chronic diseases that face humankind; it is a severe and long-term condition with a significant impact on the lives and well-being of individuals, families, and societies worldwide. The study participants comprised 41 males and 59 females. Their age ranged from less than 18 to more than 51. We asked the participants how old they were when they were diagnosed with diabetes. Their responses were % in 36-50 and followed by 53%. Our result shows that the first-degree kinship was 36%, and the Second-degree kinship was 51%. Our study indicated that recent studies show that Saudi populations have a high level of diabetic disease among Saudi individuals. Our results confirm that half of them have Second-degree kinship regarding the diabetic's history of DM, and diabetes is relevant among KSA individuals. The majority of the respondents are using insulin as their treatment. Furthermore, 57% lack knowledge of who got the DM. Additionally, we found that those who are inactive in their lives are 50%, while those who are highly active are 8%
Antibacterial and Alteration of Drug Resistance Activities of Black Cumin Seed (Nigella Sativa) Extracts against Urinary Pathogens
Get PDFMost urinary pathogens that cause urinary tract infection (UTI) have developed multidrug-antibiotic resistance (MDR) and forewarned our research interest in investigating natural products to increase medicinal plant usage as alternative therapies for infectious diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activities of ethanolic extract from black cumin seeds (Nigella sativa), which were evaluated by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays against clinically isolated MDR urinary pathogens and compared with E.coli ATCC 35218. In this study, the ethanol extract of Nigella sativa possesses strong microbial growth inhibitory effects against the tested pathogens. The inhibitory activity of ethanolic extract (EE) was more robust with dose-dependent inhibitory effects. The minimum MIC values were observed for Proteus mirabilis (1.5 mg/ml), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2 mg/ml), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumonia (2.5 mg/ml), ESBL producing Escherichia coli(2.75 mg/ml)and Acinetobacter baumannii(2.5 mg/ml).MBC inhibitory effects of ethanolic extracts were more significant than those of corresponding MIC results for all clinically isolated urinary pathogens. The bactericidal values of ethanol extracts were slightly increased than the related MIC. All the data was compared with E.coli ATCC 35218. This study augmented the effective antibacterial activity of Niofla sativa seed extract against carbapenem-resistant E. coli and Klebsiella pneumonia clinical isolates. Thus, it might be an effective potential source of safe and natural antimicrobial agents against emerging ESBL-producing clinical isolates
The Therapeutic Benefits of Warm Compresses in Alleviating Menstrual Pain (Dysmenorrhea) among Young Woman
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of warm compresses in reducing dysmenorrhea, or menstrual pain, among young women. A pre-experimental study was conducted on 30 female students of 7th-grade at SMPK Waimangura (a junior high school) using a One-Group Pre-test Post-test Design, with respondents selected through purposive sampling. The study used a numerical rating scale to gauge the level of menstrual pain, and the data was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Prior to applying warm compresses, most of the participants reported moderate pain, but after the application of warm compresses, the majority reported no pain. The results showed a significant effect of warm compresses in reducing menstrual pain, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). Therefore, it is recommended that young women use warm compresses as a non-pharmacological method to alleviate menstrual pain by applying a clean towel-covered glass bottle for 15-20 minutes. This intervention is effective in reducing muscle spasms in the abdominal area, providing a sense of comfort, and reducing pain