Portail HAL EHESS (École des hautes études en sciences sociales)
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Tribulations en terre lointaine
No full textChen Quzhen 陈渠珍（1882-1952）, Jiaoye chen meng 艽野尘梦, Chongqing renmin chubanshe, 2019, 327p
Extraction automatique des néologismes en chinois et en vietnamien (2015–2025)
No full textInternational audienc
Quand les calebasses se sont tues : quelles voies pour une histoire des objets de musique amérindiens antillais (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècle) ?
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High alpine preglacial caves modified by glacial processes and late condensationcorrosion in the Scerscen Valley (Valmalenco, Western Alps, Italy)
No full textInternational audienceThe Scerscen Valley (western Italian Alps) is home to caves at an altitude of around 2600 m, opening close to the Speleogenesis edge of a glacier. The aim of the research as part of a multi-disciplinary project was to reconstruct the evolution Alpine Cosmogenic GeomorphologyHydrogeologyglaciersburial dating of cosmonucleide some the of caves the related most burial recent to dating, the processes, geological recorded such and morphology paleoenvironmental as condensation-corrosion and micrometeorology, evolution and of sediment the carried area deposition. and out mineralogical to evaluate We the performed identifirole of cation by XRD, and hydrogeology using dye tracing and physical and chemical analyses. The cosmonucleide dating of quartz pebbles showed that the Veronica Cave is the oldest, with deposits dated at 1.3 ± 0.4 Ma, and possibly even older. It certainly formed at a much lower altitude (approx. 1300 m a.s.l. or lower) during the Alpine uplift. The Morgana and Marsooi caves, given the smaller volume of their phreatic conduits (1/3 of Veronica), are possibly more recent, formed during interglacials and evolved close to a glacial body. The caves initiated in dolomitic marble under the influence of sulfuric acid speleogenesis (SAS) due to pyrite oxidation. The conduits were then enlarged dramatically under phreatic conditions. The caves have evolved since their preglacial formation, with phases of filling by fluvio-glacial sediments and unclogging. Water tracing and physico-chemical analysis attest to a well-karstified aquifer, with rapid water circulation (>20 m/h) and low temperatures (~2 °C), draining towards the main spring, "La Prediletta", located at the foot of the dolomitic marbles. Microclimatic records (cave temperature and humidity) show seasonal cycles of condensation and evaporation, influenced by air exchanges with the outside atmosphere. These processes contributed to the formation of secondary minerals by evaporation (gypsum, hydromagnesite…) and, above all, to the significant enlargement of passages by the retreat of walls with characteristic morphologies (facets and grooved walls). The Scerscen caves bear witness to a long geological and climatic history, from their formation before the Mid-Pleistocene ice ages to their present-day evolution. They offer valuable insights into karst processes in the high mountains, and interactions between glaciers and aquifers
Une autre place de la folie en politique
No full textInternational audienceThe question of the mental health of those in power does not exhaust the issue of madness in politics. Ever since Socrates on the Athens Agora, the philosophical questioning has often taken the form of a radical critique of political values and practices in the name of justice. Since law takes a central place in this critique, it is interesting to analyse the modern transformation of the Socratic thesis regarding the primacy of justice. After drawing a portrait of Socrates as an extravagant character, the article focuses on a twofold refutation: that it is not foolish to demand justice between nations (Grotius), and that it is not unreasonable to obey the laws of the state, contrary to what Hobbes’ madman in Leviathan claims.La question de la santé mentale des gouvernants n’épuise pas la question de la folie en politique. Depuis Socrate sur l’agora d’Athènes, le question-nement philosophique a pris plus d’une fois la forme d’une critique radicale, au nom de la justice, des valeurs et des pratiques de la politique. Comme le droit occupe une place centrale dans cette critique, il est intéressant d’analyser la transformation à l’époque moderne de la thèse socratique de la priorité de la justice. Après avoir dessiné le portrait de Socrate en personnage extravagant, nous nous intéresserons à une double réfutation : qu’il n’est pas fou de réclamer une justice entre les nations (Grotius) et qu’il n’est pas déraisonnable d’obéir aux lois de l’État, contrairement à ce que prétend l’insensé de Hobbes dans le Léviathan
Who are the healthcare professionals involved in interprofessional team meetings in French multidisciplinary primary care centres? A quantitative analysis of eight centres
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND: Interprofessional collaboration is crucial for providing high-quality care to patients with complex conditions in primary care. In France, multidisciplinary primary care centres (MPCC) receive funding if they organise at least 6 interprofessional team meetings (ITM) per year to discuss complex patient situations and collectively define care strategies. It remains unclear how ITM have been implemented in France. This study analyses healthcare professionals’ involvement in ITMs within MPCCs. METHOD: A multicenter retrospective quantitative study in 8 French MPCCs based on the analysis of ITM reports for the period from 2018 to 2019 was conducted. RESULTS: 1733 patients’situations (n = 1733 cases) discussed during ITMs were analysed. The 8 MPCCs were heterogeneous in terms of geographical location, creation date, and size (3 MPCCs with > 20,000 patients followed by more than 60 professionals and 3 MPCCs with < 20 professionals). On average, five healthcare professionals attended each ITM, with huge variations among MPCCs. The nurse-general practitioner (GP) pair was central. At least one GP was present at 89% (n = 1469) and nurses at 38.15% (n = 630) of ITMs. Participation of other professionals was less frequent and varied according to the MPCC. Physiotherapists were present at 7.8% of ITMs, and other healthcare professionals were present at < 6% of ITMs, including pharmacists (3% of ITMs). In some cases, healthcare professionals external to MPCC, particularly those related to mental health, were also involved in ITMs. CONCLUSIONS: Depending on the MPCC, the professionals involved in ITM vary widely, with the nurse-GP pair at the centre. The relative absence of certain professionals needs to be analysed in order to encourage interprofessional working. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable
CONNECTING MAX-ENTROPY WITH COMPUTATIONAL GEOMETRY, LP AND SDP
No full textInternational audienceWe consider the well-known max-(relative) entropy problem Θ(y) = infQ≪P DKL(Q P ) with Kullback-Leibler divergence on a domain Ω ⊂ R d , and with "moment" constraints h dQ = y, y ∈ R m . We show that when m ≤ d, Θ is the Cramér transform of a function v that solves a simply related computational geometry problem. Also, and remarkably, to the canonical LP: min x≥0 {c T x : A x = y}, with A ∈ R m×d , one may associate a max-entropy problem with a suitably chosen reference measure P on R d + and linear mapping h(x) = Ax, such that its associated perspective function ε Θ(y/ε) is the optimal value of the log-barrier formulation (with parameter ε) of the dual LP (and so it converges to the LP optimal value as ε → 0). An analogous result also holds for the canonical SDP: min X 0 { C, X : A(X) = y }
Redesign adaptatif des paysages urbains industriels. Le cas d'étude de la place de TEE à Komotini, Grèce
No full textInternational audienceDeindustrialization has left many industrial buildings inactive, raising questions about their role in contemporary urban life. This article explores how semiotics and psychogeography can reframe such structures as dynamic architectural happenings, shifting emphasis from preservation toward social value and collective experience. This research focuses on Komotini, Greece, where the Technical Chamber Square is reinterpreted through references to the adjacent Tobacco Warehouse. By integrating architectural traces of the past into new recreational and sporting functions, this study demonstrates how heritage can be embedded into everyday practices. Methodologically, this research employs qualitative approaches, including demographic and historical analysis of Komotini's urban and industrial development, alongside psychogeographic drifting walks. Twenty interviews were conducted with local business owners, residents, and visitors, as well as psychogeographic walks, generating insights into how communities interact with industrial heritage. The findings indicate that semiotics and psychogeography are effective tools for activating public spaces near former industrial sites, enabling the built environment to be understood as a layered record of successive interventions. The study concludes that adaptive redesign offers designers a methodology that can embed industrial fragments into vibrant public realms that sustain diverse communities, catalyze local economies, and honor historical identity through lived practices
