Portail HAL EHESS (École des hautes études en sciences sociales)
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More volatile, less equal. Housing and welfare in 21st century France
No full textInternational audienceContributing to analyses of housing welfare and inequality, this article examines how the territorial circumscription of asset-based welfare policies impact the pattern and trajectory of residential inequality in situ. We look to France, which since the 2000s has used asset-based welfare policies as a tool for rebalancing local territorial cohesion throughout the country.These policies, which once had broad nationwide eligibility, have progressively fragmented into a patchwork of geographically-defined benefits and incentives that seek to catalyze buying and selling in certain places over others. Drawing on aggregated datasets of individual housing locales et de l'État pour réduire les déséquilibres socio-spatiaux, nous nous interrogeons l'équilibre et l'équité d'un tel régime assurantiel liant la propriété d'un logement à l'accumulation patrimoniale.Cet article contribue à l’analyse de l’abordabilité de l’accès à la propriété et des inégalités. Il examine comment la délimitation territoriale des politiques sociales fondées sur les actifs (asset-based welfare) influe sur le modèle et la trajectoire des inégalités résidentielles. L’analyse porte sur la France, qui depuis les années 2000, a explicitement lié à la politique de logement et la construction d’un régime basé sur l’accumulationd’actifs, dans trois régions urbaines (Paris, Lyon, Avignon). A partir de données désagrégées décrivant les achats-ventes de logements (transactions individuelles, liant vendeurs, acheteurs, prix et crédit), nous utilisons des techniques de classification pouranalyser et cartographier les caractéristiques spatiales et temporelles des inégalités résidentielles entre 2002 et 2018. Nous identifions une bifurcation significative dans l’articulation territoriale d’asset-based welfare, tendant vers des dynamiques plus volatiles
"Who is Wo ? The Life and Work of Wolfgang Hamburger (1917–1940)"
No full texthttps://carnetwo.hypotheses.org/236
Henry de Bouillane de Lacoste (1867-1937) : aux frontières de l’Asie. Bilan des recherches effectuées à la BnF
No full textInternational audienc
Why is income volatility associated with poor health? Longitudinal evidence from the UK and France
No full textInternational audienceThere is some evidence that income volatility (fluctuations in income over time) negatively affects mental and physical health, independently of the level of income. Evidence to date has examined fluctuations from year to year or from day to day, whereas a more relevant timescale might be month to month. Here, we use data from the Changing Cost of Living Study, a longitudinal panel from the UK and France with monthly data (n = 484). We examine the association between month-to-month income volatility and two outcomes, self-rated general health and anxiety-depression (a composite measure derived from GAD-7 and PHQ-8 scores). Higher volatility was associated with worse health on both measures, with volatility accounting for similar amounts of variation as the level of income. Some association between income volatility and health is to be expected as a consequence of the concavity of the income-health relationship: because of concavity, a downward fluctuation damages health more than the equivalent upward fluctuation improves it. We show that the observed associations are 3 and 4 times too strong to be explained by this mechanism alone. We suggest that volatility, because it introduces uncertainty and stress, has substantial direct health effects. This claim is important for public policy: it means that policies and institutions that smooth people's income streams can have beneficial health effects even if they don't raise anyone's income
What do NEETs need ? The overall effect of active and passive labor market policies
No full textThe overall effect of active and passive labor market policies is pivotal to motivate programs combining the two components. This paper evaluates a flagship French program for disadvantaged youth Not in Employment Education or Training (NEETs) that combines a year of cash transfers and activation policies. The results show a positive total effect of the program on employment (+21 percentage points, +64% relative to control in LATE terms) emerging after program termination. The analysis of mechanisms suggests a negative effect of the cash transfer component on employment and lock-in from training, compensated by a positive effect of activation policies
Stem alternations in Dumi and Khaling: internal reconstruction, analogy and sound changes
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Distance to the End: The Question of UNsustainability
No full textThis paper considers the dynamics of pollution and sustainable growth in a context where the detrimental effects of pollution on total factor productivity can push the economy to a point of collapse. With environmental policy constrained by tax revenues, we investigate how the proximity to collapse -distance to the end -influences the balance between mitigation and adaptation spending. We show that adaptation policies are recommended when pollution intensity is high, whereas mitigation policies may be more effective when pollution intensity is low. Financing these policies by a carbon tax is more effective than an income tax. Examining the welfare of present and future generations, we reveal that the trade-off between mitigation and adaptation does not align across generations: while current generations may prefer adaptation, future generations tend to benefit more from mitigation