International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences
Not a member yet
697 research outputs found
Sort by
Production of L-Arginine from arginine analogue resistant mutants of Corynebacterium glutamicum
Get PDFL-arginine is an essential amino acid, widely used in pharmaceutical, feed and food industry. It is the precursor molecule in citrulline and nitric oxide synthesis, which in turn plays significant role in a wide variety of patho - physiological functions in the cardiovascular, central and peripheral nervous systems. In the present study, mutagenesis experiments were carried out for isolation of analogue resistant mutants against Corynebacterium glutamicum. Initially, MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration) was identified for arginine analogues by tube dilution method. MIC values found to be Arginine hydroximate – 680 µg/ml. Further, mutagenesis of C. glutamicum was carried out with NTG (300µg/ml) and amino acid analogue resistant mutants were isolated in minimal media. Fermentation was carried out by resistant colonies and estimated the Arginine levels. Production level was found to be 5.2 mg /ml where as in control cells it was 1.4 mg /ml. This study highlighted the C. glutamicum mutant of L-arginine amino acid production.
 
Effect of antimicrobial activity of Eupatorium odoratum against clinical microbes
Get PDFTraditional medicine is an important source of potentially useful compounds for the development of phytotherapetic agent. Antimicrobials of plant origin have enormous therapeutic potential in the treatment of infectious diseases while simultaneously migitigiting many of the side effects that are often associated with synthetic antimicrobials. In the present investigation suggested that the effect of antimicrobial activity of Epotorium odoratum against clinical microbes were performed. In the experiments of the test plant with different concentration of 25, 50, 75, and 100µl of aqueous and methanolic leaf extract were treated against the bacteria like Bacillus sp., E.coli, Entrococcus sp., K.pnemoniae and Staph. aureus and fungi such as Aspergillus flavus, A.niger. A.terreus, Penicillium sp. and Trichoderma sp. Performed respectively. However the antimicrobial properties of E.odoratum leaf with methanolic extract of higher concentration was excellent performance when compared to other solvent of aqueous extract of same plant. It can be concluded that the plant can be used to discover natural products that may serve as lead for the development of new biomedical applications.
 
Observation of Biochemical Property in Brain Tissue of Fish Channa punctatus & Exposed to Deltamethrin
Get PDFThe concept of pesticides is known from ancient time and available in literature around 1000 BCE. Homer referred to the use of sulfur to fumigate homes and by 900 C.E. Synthetic pesticides emerged between 1930 & 1940 as the result of research aimed at developing chemical weapons that were originally tested in insects. The fishes are directly exposed with water containing pesticides & other water soluble pollutants; in hepatocytes detoxification of pesticides takes place and being a neurotoxic nature of deltamethrin, braius, gills & liver tissues were selected to assess the deltamethrin toxicity.
 
Assessment of Phenoloxidase Activity in Hemolymph of Pre, Inter and Post-Molting Stages
Get PDFPhenoloxidase (PO) is an enzyme that vitally protects arthropods both internally and externally. PO protects arthropods internally from invasions by infectious microorganisms, and protects them externally by catalyzing the sclerotization of an animal’s newly formed or repaired exoskeleton In the present study determine the phenoloxidase activity in hemolymph of pre, inter and post molting stages. The phenoloxidase activity was highest in pre-molting followed by inter-molting and post-molting. The stability of the POs was very different depending on a number of factors such as temperatures, pH, substrate used, ionic strength, buffer system, and time of incubation. The results of the present study concluded that pre-molting stage has greater activity of phenol oxidase in hemolymph.
 
Modeling and Docking Studies of Toll Like Receptor 7 From Homo Sapiens with Biosynthetic Compounds Rutin and Kaempferol
Get PDFToll-like receptors (TLRs) serve as signaling molecules that identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) as well as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and are expressed by various skin cells including keratinocytes and melanocytes, which are the main cell types involved in both non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers. A three dimensional model of Toll like receptor 7 from Homo sapiens was generated using 5GMF, as a template with Modeller9v7. With the aid of molecular mechanics and dynamic methods models were generated and checked by Procheck and 3D graph. After energy minimization, the 3D structure of Toll like receptor 7 was compared with a template, and with the aid of the molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics methods, the final models were obtained. Flexible docking studies were performed using a Toll like receptor 7 that is highly expressed with natural inhibitors Rutin and Kaempferol. The results indicated that ARG283, PRO284, LEU286, ILE523, PHE535, MET567, HIS645 in Toll like receptor 7 are important determinant residues in binding process as they have strong hydrogen bonding with these compounds indicating that these are potent inhibitors of toll like receptor 7.
 
The Role of Insects and Microorganisms in Plastic Biodegradation: A Comprehensive Review
Get PDFPlastic has been considered as a major environment polluting material for decades. Its physical, chemical and mechanical properties such as high tensile strength, elongation properties, high molecular weight, inertness and hydrophobic nature make it non-biodegradable. In spite of the fact that both environmental and microbial degradation of plastic have been studied in detail, most of the microorganisms reported so far are limited in their functions. However, the recent approaches in plastic degradation by use of insect caterpillars and their gut microbiota have shown interesting results. Plodia interpunctella (Indian meal worms), Tenebrio molitor (Yellow meal worms) and Galleria mellonella (Greater wax worms) are the insects reported till now in plastic degradation. In this comprehensive review, we have briefly focused on the general introduction and classification of plastics and properties which make plastic persistent in the nature. We also have glanced over certain Plastic biodegradation methods reported till today.
 
Bacterial Production of Protease-A Preliminary Study
Get PDFProteolytic enzyme, also called protease, proteinase, or peptidase, any of a group of enzymes that break the long chainlike molecules of protein into shorter fragments (peptides) and eventually into their components, amino acids proteolytic enzymes are present in bacteria. Protease are produced from various sources but only little information is available regarding the bacterial population in fish wastes of Chidambaram fish market and their efficiency in synthesizing protease enzyme. Isolated 25 bacterial strains and found that only 5 of them are capable of producing protease enzyme that are Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. was the best protease producer among the tested strains. In the present study, all the bacterial species isolated had a better potentiality of degrading market fish wastes.
 
A study on Nymphs and Exuviae of Order Odonata in Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary (Ramsar Site), Gujarat
Get PDFA study was carried out in Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary to assess nymphs and exuviae of dragonflies and damselflies in Nalsarovar Bird Sanctuary (Ramsar Site), Gujarat. A transect survey was carried out covering all seasons. Nymph and exuviae were recorded using Visual Encounter Survey. During survey Odonate nymph and exuviae belonging to five families including Aeshnidae, Libellulidae, Gomphidae, Coenagrionidae, and Lestidae were recorded. Seasonal variations in relative abundance of each family of odonate were analyzed. The relative abundance of Odonates nymph that belonged to family Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae was recorded highest during monsoon, postmonsoon, winter and summer seasons whereas Gomphidae and Coenagrionidae were highest during the pre-monsoon season. However, the relative abundance of Aeshnidae family nymphs was moderate during the postmonsoon season. Similarly, the relative abundance of Odonates exuviae that belonged to family Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae was highest during all seasons. However, the relative abundance of Aeshnidae family exuviae were moderate during the postmonsoon season whereas Lestidae family exuviae was less during the summer and winter season.
 
Antibacterial effects of Citrus limon peel extract on human pathogenic bacteria with special reference to Urinary Tract Infection
Get PDFUrinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common pathogenic infections, specially found in working ladies as well as seen in men and lead to many difficult problems. As the microorganism are resistant day by day from antibiotics. The main objective of this study is evaluated the antimicrobial activity and future prophylactic potential of the Citrus limon peel against strains of human pathogenic bacteria. Phytochemical analysis of citrus fruits shows that they are rich source of flavanones and many polymethoxylated flavones, which are found very rare in other plants, have very strong antibacterial activity. Antimicrobial analysis was done by using agar well diffusion method. The result was found that, the peel extract of lemon were inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as well as Bacillus substilis which show the resistance against nalidixic acid, co-trimoxazole and nitrofuranation antibiotics. On the basis of the present finding lemon peel extract might be a good candidate in the search for a natural antimicrobial agent and can be considered to be as equally potent as the antibiotics, such as, ciprofloxacin.
 
Nutritional Quality of Three Cobitid Fishes of Manipur, India: With Special Reference to Essential Mineral Elements
Get PDFThe study were carried out to determine the proximate composition and essential mineral elements of three Cobitid fish species of Manipur, India viz. Lepidochephalichthys guntea, Pangio pangia and Syncrossus berdmorei. Moisture (76.12±0.05 %) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Pangio pangia. In Syncrossus berdmorei, significantly (p<0.05) higher protein (22.57±0.00 %) and lipid (12.93±0.66 %) were recorded. Whereas, ash (3.23±0.07 %) was significantly higher in Lepidochephalichthys guntea. Macro elements Ca, Mg, K and Na were abundantly found in all the fish studied and micro elements Mg, Ni Cu, Zn, and Fe were also found in adequate amount. Results from the analysis revealed that macro elements viz. Ca (2150±8.71 mg/100g) and Mg (131.7±2.05 mg/100g) and micro elements viz. Na (112.5±0.06 mg/100g), Ni (2.25±0.02 mg/100g), Cu (0.47±0.007 mg/100g) and Zn (3.05±0.014 mg/100g) were found significantly (p<0.05) higher in Lepidochephalichthys guntea. Whereas K (90.81±1.14 mg/100g) and Mn (1.26±0.01 mg/100g) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in Syncrossus berdmorei among the fishes studied. Fe content was recorded significantly (p<0.05) higher than other micro elements and found highest in Syncrossus berdmorei (28.61±0.10 mg/100g) amoung the fish studied. From the above analysis it has been reveal that all the fishes were good sources of protein, lipid, ash and mineral contents which can provide high nutritive value for human diet.