International Journal of Scientific Research in Biological Sciences
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A Preliminary survey on acarine fauna inhabiting different stored products in four districts of Malabar region, Kerala (India)
Get PDFThe present paper reports for the occurrence of mites on stored products in four districts of Malabar region in Kerala which includes 33 species under 14 genera 12 families and 3 orders viz, Trombidiformes (suborder Prostigmata), Mesostigmata and Sarcoptiformes (Cohort Astigmata). The Family Cheyletidae represented as the most dominating family while Cheyletus malaccensis was the most abundant species found in stored products. The representatives of Stigmaeidae and Cunaxidae families were also dominant. Among the stored product, from pepper maximum number of mite species were identified followed by boiled rice and raw rice. Coriander represented with six species of mites whereas wheat represented with five species. This study also reported 3 species namely Lasioseius sp.1, Stigmaeus sp1 and Tydeus sp.1 which appeared to be un described and among these one species Lasioseius sp.1 which is being reported here for the first time from India inhabiting stored products.
 
Elementary flux mode analysis of central carbon metabolism in Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus to enhance hydrogen production
Get PDFMicrobial hydrogen production from biomass has been perceived as an imperative wellspring of renewable energy. Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus has proven itself to be an excellent candidate for biological hydrogen production. Hydrogen is produced as a biological product from central carbon metabolism pathway by the utilization of various soluble sugar substrates. An organism’s metabolism is a key factor in understanding its physiology, therefore, metabolic network of central carbon metabolism of C. saccharolyticus was reconstructed. The reconstructed and refined central carbon metabolism network comprises 31 reactions (excluding the efflux and influx reactions) and 40 metabolites in total. An elementary flux mode analysis of central carbon metabolism was carried out to investigate the underlying biochemical mechanism of hydrogen production by determining their intermediate fluxes, using linear programming (LP) method available in CellNetAnalyzer software. An in silico gene knockout of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and pyruvate kinase (pyk) of the modeled central carbon metabolism pathway allows the maximum theoretical hydrogen yield of 46.2758 mmol/gDW/hr. The single gene knockout of ldh gene tends to increase the flux rate of hydrogen to 32%. Similarly, double gene knockout of ldh and pyk genes yielded an increase in hydrogen flux rate to 35%. Ultimately, this elementary flux mode analysis study of central carbon metabolism pathway of C. saccharolyticus with glucose as substrate or carbon source would further act as a model for strain improvement.
 
Evaluation of Phytochemicals from Malbranchea cinnamomea, a thermophilic fungi isolated from compost (vegetable waste compost)
Get PDFThe study was conducted at Department of Botany, Bangalore University, Bengaluru. Vegetable wastes are created during harvesting, transportation, storage, marketing and processing. The mixed vegetable waste were collected from different markets and then composted in heaps and pits. Composting was done during the year 2013. The temperature of the compost were recorded and then the soil samples were collected during thermophilic stage in polythene bags and bought to the laboratory. Isolation was done on Potato Dextrose Agar media (PDA) following serial dilution method and cultures were purified on PDA. The present study was carried out to evaluate the presence of phytochemicals from the isolated thermophilic fungi namely Malbranchea cinnamomea. Then the phytochemicals like totalphenols and flavonoids were estimated or analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively following standard procedure. In conclusion, the culture filtrate of Malbranchea cinnamomea has an ability to produce the phytochemicals. Among the phytochemicals the total phenols was maximum than tannins and flavonoids.
 
Comparative Evaluation of Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of South Indian Bioactive Medicinal Plant Tribulus terrestris
Get PDFIn India researchers are focused on plant medicine to avoid the use of synthetic antibiotics. About 80% of rural population depends on herbal medicine for their primary health care. Due to the inadequacy of information about their phytochemical and therapeutic properties, some of these sources are still remained unrevealed. In this present study Tribulus terrestris (TT) was collected from local area in and around Gobichettipalayam, Erode and Tiruppur District, India. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of Tribulus terrestris (TT) was performed in seven solvents of Chloroform, Petroleum ether, Acetone, Methanol, Ethanol, Ethyl acetate and Aqueous extracts. The phytochemical analysis of crude extracts of Tribulus terrestris showed the presence of carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, phenols, alkaloids and saponins. Each crude extract of the plant Tribulus terrestris was comparatively analyzed for presence of phytoconstituents and ethyl acetate has good extractability. The qualitative estimation of Tannins, Alkaloids, and Flavonoids in the Ethyl acetate extract of Tribulus terrestris was determined by the standard methods. The total Tannin, Alkaloid and Flavonoid content of the Ethyl acetate extracts were 2.76µg/ml,0.56mg/ml and 0.45mg/ml. The thin layer chromatography was performed to find most active constituent in all fractions.
 
Siderophores detection by using blue agar CAS assay methods
Get PDFThe low iron molecules produced from various sources are the siderophores. These are taken up by bacteria to help their process of iron uptake which is necessary for all microbes to obtain environmental iron indeed for important processes. In the present study, siderophore production by bacteria present in the coastal waters of Parangipettai was analyzed. Among the total of 40 isolates obtained, only five were able to produce siderophores by the CAS agar plate assay method. The production of an orange or a yellow hallow zone around a colony indicated that it is a siderophore producer. The present study provides a detailed protocol to prepare the CAS agar without any difficulty.
 
Health Information Science and its growing popularities in Indian self financed universities: Emphasizing Private Universities—A Study
Get PDFHealth is a major concern of today’s age. The development of information technology and computing changes the entire arena of life and the gradual development became responsible for the emergence of Digital Society. Information Technology is about the collection, selection, organization, processing, management and dissemination of information and similar contents viz. data and knowledge. For this task and affairs, several information technological tools have been used and it is increasing rapidly. Today it is very difficult to find out an area where utilization of information technology is absence. Hence healthcare is not an exception. Digital Health becomes an important concept these days for the creation of digital health and medical contents. Similar to other areas like Digital Business, Digital Marketing, Digital Education, Digital Health become a concept and key strategy for the development and modernization of healthcare affairs powered by Information Science and Technology. The integration and combination of information technology and computing create a separate domain and branch called ‘Health Information Science’. However, it is important to note that it is also known as Health Informatics nomenclature in the line of UK based academic units. Initially, the branch was mainly popular in the western countries and developed countries but gradually it is rising as a branch of study in a country like India. Private universities in India are rapidly increasing and the growth, initiative of private initiative is noticeable. This paper is conceptual in nature and deals with aspects of Health Informatics including its growing trends as a program of study in private universities in India.
 
Chemical Characterization of Cumin Seed Oil (Cuminum Cyminum) by Gcms and its Comparative Study
Get PDFCumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is among the large number of spices used to flavour food and beverages. In this study the chemical composition of the extracted cumin seed oil and market cumin oil were analysed by GCMS and compared. The comparative study revealed that there is a huge difference between these two oils. The extracted cumin oil was found rich in oxygenated terpenoids. In addition to this, a comparative study from the data of chemical composition of cumin seeds from different countries also showed variation in the chemical components depending upon the geography, environment, climate, harvesting stage, etc.
 
Entomophily of Apple ecosystem in Kashmir valley, India: A review
Get PDFPollination is a prerequisite for the efficiency of the vast majority of the yields in agrarian and horticultural ecosystems. This is carried out mostly by insects which are the prime agents of pollination in flowering plants. The present article is a review of the pollination aspects of apple orchards of Kashmir. Apple inflorescence requires assistance from insects to carry out the process of pollination and hence more the number of pollinators, higher the chance for better crop yield. The most important role of pollination is played for the most part by the species of Hymenoptera in Apple ecosystems. The pollinators are declining steadily, because of habitat destruction and unrestrained use of agrochemicals, pesticides and other antifungal sprays. Necessary steps should be taken for a better understanding of diversity and bio-ecology of insects in agricultural fields such that the pests, pollinators and other beneficial insects could be monitored easily, which will further aid better and eco-friendly conservation and management tactics. Despite the fact that Kashmir is a leading apple producer in the country, productivity should be increased to meet future demand. New approaches are needed to increase apple production through sustainable ways including increasing insect pollinators that can be employed in apple orchards by farmers. Such a framework will enhance the economic growth from apple cultivation and furthermore conserve the natural pollinator species in Kashmir.
 
Entomophily of Apple ecosystem in Kashmir valley, India: A review
Get PDFPollination is a prerequisite for the efficiency of the vast majority of the yields in agrarian and horticultural ecosystems. This is carried out mostly by insects which are the prime agents of pollination in flowering plants. The present article is a review of the pollination aspects of apple orchards of Kashmir. Apple inflorescence requires assistance from insects to carry out the process of pollination and hence more the number of pollinators, higher the chance for better crop yield. The most important role of pollination is played for the most part by the species of Hymenoptera in Apple ecosystems. The pollinators are declining steadily, because of habitat destruction and unrestrained use of agrochemicals, pesticides and other antifungal sprays. Necessary steps should be taken for a better understanding of diversity and bio-ecology of insects in agricultural fields such that the pests, pollinators and other beneficial insects could be monitored easily, which will further aid better and eco-friendly conservation and management tactics. Despite the fact that Kashmir is a leading apple producer in the country, productivity should be increased to meet future demand. New approaches are needed to increase apple production through sustainable ways including increasing insect pollinators that can be employed in apple orchards by farmers. Such a framework will enhance the economic growth from apple cultivation and furthermore conserve the natural pollinator species in Kashmir.
 
Physico-Chemical Study of Sonrakh River in Junagadh City Gujarat
Get PDFThe present work was undertaken to observe the impact of human activity and sewage disposal in Sonrakh river by analyzing different nutrient parameters. The sampling sites were selected based on their distance from urban (developing) areas and rural (under develop) areas along the Sonrakh River. The physico-chemical parameters like colour, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), acidity, alkalinity, turbidity, calcium, total hardness, total dissolved solids, chloride, magnesium, potassium, fluoride and sodium were analyzed during winter season. During the study It was observed that the main cause of deterioration in water quality was due to the high anthropogenic activities, illegal discharge of sewage and industrial effluent, lack of proper sanitation, unprotected river sites and urban runoff. The results of the present study have been discussed and from the data it can be concluded that the water is moderately polluted, it is clear that the water is not highly polluted, the range of physico-chemical parameters were within the permissible limit.