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Late La Tène knobbed rings and armrings in the south-eastern Carpathian Basin: beloved jewellery and amulets of the Scordiscan women?
No full textKnobbed rings and armrings are among the most numerous Late La Tène forms of jewellery in the territory of the Scordisci. Even though the circumstances of discovery are unknown for most finds, the knobbed rings and armrings found in the richly furnished grave 1 in the cemetery of Sotin – Zmajevac showed that they were popular and frequently worn items of jewellery, which seems to be confirmed by numerous finds from settlements around Vinkovci. Based on size differences, some knobbed rings are assumed to have served as pendants, while those of larger diameter are believed to be arm jewellery. Parallels for knobbed rings and armrings from Scordiscan sites have been found in Transylvania and central Europe, confirming the intensive cultural contacts and involvement of the Scordisci in the complex communication networks of the Late La Tène. Among the finds from Scordiscan sites, many knobbed rings belong to the Szárazd – Regöly type, which is characteristic for the south-eastern Carpathian Basin, but their function is still unclear. On the other hand, the presence of triple knobbed rings and rings with zoomorphic representations indicates a connection between the Scordisci and contemporary communities in central Europe. The finds from grave 1 in Sotin show that knobbed rings and armrings could have been worn by women of high status in the community, who used body ornamentation to display various aspects of their visual identity
Late Antique glazed and non-glazed mortars from Verušed and Lobor
No full textU radu su predstavljeni i analizirani kasnoantički glazirani tarionici s lokaliteta Josipovac – Verušed kraj Osijeka i Lobor – Majka Božja Gorska u Hrvatskome zagorju, a uz njih i drugi tarionici pronađeni u Verušedu. Antičko i kasnoantičko ruralno naselje u Verušedu, prema dosadašnjim spoznajama temeljenima na pronađenome pokretnom materijalu, posebno metalnim predmetima, pokazuje vremenski okvir života od 2. do najkasnije početka 5. stoljeća. S druge strane, lokalitet u Loboru, zahvaljujući više izoliranom i refugijalnom karakteru svoga položaja u nestabilnim vremenima kasne antike, nastavio je egzistirati i u 6. stoljeću. Prosperitet je obilježila izgradnja, održavanje i obnova značajnoga crkvenog kompleksa koji je bio središte kasnoantičkoga visinskog naselja u čijem su kontekstu pronađeni ulomci glaziranih tarionika. S obzirom na različitosti između ta dva lokaliteta, izdvojeni su uzorci kasnoantičkih glaziranih tarionika kako bi se utvrdio stupanj sličnosti proizvodnje, distribucije i korištenja toga tipa glaziranoga posuđa. Ulomci tarionika su tipološki i kronološki analizirani, a obrađene su i druge osnovne karakteristike kasnoantičkih glaziranih tarionika, poput dimenzija, granulata, premaza, glazure i ukrasa. Glazirani tarionici s lokaliteta Josipovac – Verušed i Lobor – Majka Božja Gorska uspoređeni su međusobno, kao i s dostupnim podacima o glaziranim tarionicima s drugih istovremenih lokaliteta.This paper presents and analyzes late antique glazed mortars from the sites Josipovac – Verušed near Osijek and Lobor – Our Lady of the Mountain in Hrvatsko Zagorje, as well as non-glazed mortars found in Verušed. Previous research on small finds, especially metal objects, confirms that the antique and late antique rural settlement in Verušed was inhabited from the 2nd to the beginning of the 5th century at the latest. On the other hand, the site in Lobor, due to its isolated geographic position in the unstable times of Late Antiquity, survived into the 6th century, its prosperity marked by the construction, maintenance, and restoration of a significant church complex that was the center of the late antique hillfort in the context of which the fragments of glazed mortars were found. Considering the differences between these two sites, samples of late antique glazed mortars were chosen in order to determine the degree of similarity and difference in the production, distribution, and use of this type of glazed pottery. Mortar fragments are typologically and chronologically analyzed, with a discussion of other basic characteristics of late antique glazed mortars, such as measurements, grit, slip, glaze, and decorations. Glazed mortars from Josipovac – Verušed and Lobor – Our Lady of the Mountain are compared with each other and with the available data on glazed mortars from other similar sites
Exploring the Late Bronze Age settlement at Novi Grad na Savi in 2021
Get PDFU spomen na prof. dr. sc. Nives Majnarić-Pandžić (1938. – 2022.)
Probna arheološka istraživanja provedena su u jesen 2021. godine u Novi Gradu na Savi u okviru istraživačkoga projekta HRZZ IP 2019-04-2520. Cilj istraživanja bilo je locirati groblje kasnobrončanodobnoga naselja Novi Grad koje je istraživano sedamdesetih godina 20. stoljeća. Položaj pet sondi za istraživanja odabran je na gredi smještenoj sjeverno od naselja prema površinskim nalazima sitnih ulomaka kasnobrončanodobne keramike i spaljenih kostiju na položajima Rupečica i Matkovača. Provedena istraživanja dala su rezultate u tri sonde. U dvije istočnije sonde otkrivene su po dvije jame s rijetkim nalazima prapovijesne keramike. U najzapadnijoj sondi 5 otkriven je veći broj jama te ukopi za stupove koji se mogu datirati u kraj srednjega i početak kasnoga brončanog doba. Otkrivena je i stratigrafski mlađa jama koja se, prema keramičkim ulomcima, može datirati u početak mlađe faze kasnoga brončanog doba. Rezultati probnoga istraživanja u Novi Gradu ukazuju na kompleksnu naseobinsku sliku tijekom srednjega i kasnoga brončanog doba na promatranome prostoru kojega obilježavaju blaga uzvišenja smještena uz rijeku Savu na kojima su dokumentirani intenzivni tragovi naseljavanja tijekom različitih faza razvoja kasnoga brončanog doba, na što je vjerojatno utjecala promjena klimatskih uvjeta kao i razina rijeke Save.In memory of Prof. Nives Majnarić-Pandžić (1938–2022)
Trial archaeological excavations at Novi Grad na Savi were carried out in the fall of 2021 within the HRZZ IP 2019-04-2520 research project. The goal was to find the cemetery of Novi Grad, a Late Bronze Age settlement researched in the 1970s. The locations of the five trenches on the ridge north of the settlement were chosen on the basis of surface finds of small fragments of Late Bronze Age pottery and burnt bones at the sites of Rupečica and Matkovača. The results were obtained from three trenches. In each of the two easternmost trenches there were two pits with rare finds of prehistoric pottery. In the westernmost trench, Trench 5, there was a large number of pits and postholes that can be dated to the end of the Middle Bronze Age and the beginning of the Late Bronze Age. There was also a younger pit in the stratigraphic sense; based on the ceramic fragments, it can be dated to the beginning of the younger phase of the Late Bronze Age. The results of the trial excavations at Novi Grad indicate a complex habitation picture for the Middle and Late Bronze Age in the observed area, characterized by mild elevations along the River Sava with documented intensive traces of habitation during the different development phases of the Late Bronze Age, probably influenced by changes in climate conditions and the level of the River Sava
Parts of Roman belt sets, horse harness and other military equipment in museum collections in Bosnia and Herzegovina (a selection)
No full textU Zemaljskome muzeju Bosne i Hercegovine, u Franjevačkome samostanu u Tolisi, zatim muzeju u Doboju, Muzeju Hercegovine u Mostaru kao i drugim muzejskim ustanovama, između mnogobrojnih nalaza, čuva se i određeni broj predmeta koji se mogu uvrstiti u širu skupinu predmeta koji pripadaju pojasnim garniturama, okovima, falerama, dugmadima, pojasnim jezičcima, privjescima, vrhu korice mača te dijelovima kacige. Ovi predmeti u najvećoj mjeri pripadaju dijelu vojničke opreme za remenje, pojaseve, zatim kao dio konjske opreme, cipela, oklopa i drugih dijelova. Navedeni predmeti služili su u praktične svrhe, ali i kao dio dekorativnoga sadržaja. U nekim slučajevima pojedine forme su u odnosu na interpretaciju mogle imati i apotropejsko i profilaktičko značenje. S obzirom na široki spektar predmeta koji su obrađeni, i datacijski okvir je razmjerno širi te se kreće od 1. stoljeća pa do razdoblja kasne antike.Among the many artefacts held by the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Franciscan monastery in Tolisa, the museum in Doboj, the Museum of Herzegovina in Mostar and other museums, are a number that form a diverse group including belt sets, belt plates, phalerae, buttons, strap-ends, pendants, the tips of scabbards and helmet parts. Most of these are belonged to military straps and belts, or to horse harness, shoes, armour etc., and were both practical and decorative. Some examples could be interpreted as apotropaic and prophylactic in nature. This broadly defined group also covers a wide range of dates, from the 1st century to late Antiquity
Spatial analysis of a Roman road: Incero – Stravianis – Mursa. Hill section
Get PDFFokus ovog rada je na istraživanju brdske dionice rimske ceste koja je vodila od naselja Incero (Požeška kotlina) preko Stravianae (okolica Našica?) do Mursae (Osijek), a koja se spominje u rimskom itineraru kao dio regionalne ceste Siscia – Mursa. Raniji istraživači ove ceste iznose podatak da je antička cesta prema putnoj postaji Stravianis bila trasirana kroz gorje Krndiju, a najčešće se ubicira nedaleko od Bedemgrada odnosno Gradca Našičkog, na čijem je širem području u dosadašnjim istraživanjima zabilježena i najveća koncentracija rimskih nalaza na području Krndije. Kako bi istražili geoprometne karakteristike predmetne dionice ove rimske ceste odnosno pokušali shvatiti razloge trasiranja ove rimske ceste brdskim područjem Krndije, u ovom radu smo primjenili metode i alate koje koristi arheologija krajolika odnosno mogućnosti geografskog informacijskog sustava. Unutar tog sustava smo georeferencirali podatke iz izvora, literature i terenskih pregleda te koristeći Least Cost Path algoritam generirali optimalne rute između ključnih točaka, što je omogućilo geoprometnu analizu i predikciju najpotentnijih koridora kojima je mogla biti trasirana predmetna dionica. Primjenom ovakve metodologije dobili smo rezultate koji na temelju konkretnih prostornih analiza u velikoj mjeri potvrđuju ranije pretpostavke o trasi, ali i donose neka nova saznanja koja ukazuju na mogućnost trasiranja ove ceste alternativnim odnosno direktnijim pravcem prema Mursi, koji ranije nije uziman u obzir.This paper focuses on the exploration of the hill section of the Roman road that led from the settlement of Incero (the Požega basin) via Stravianis (around Našice) to Mursa (Osijek), which is mentioned in Roman itineraries as part of a regional road, Siscia – Mursa. Earlier researchers of this road report that the ancient road to the road station of Stravianis was routed through the Krndija Mountains, and is usually thought to be near Bedemgrad, i.e. Gradac Našički, as previous research found the largest concentration of Roman finds in its wider area. In order to investigate the spatial characteristics of that section of the route of the Roman road and why it was routed through this particular hilly area of Krndije, this paper applies the methods and tools used by landscape archaeology – more precisely, the capabilities of the geographic information system; within that system, we georeferenced the data from ancient sources, literature, and field surveys. We used the Least Cost Path algorithm to generate optimal routes between "key" points, which enabled the spatial analysis and prediction of the corridor in question. By applying this methodology, we obtained results based on specific spatial analyses, largely confirming earlier assumptions about the route and the location of the Roman road station of Stravianis, but also bring some new knowledge indicating the possibility that Romans could also use an alternative or more direct route towards Mursa that was not considered before, umjesto and the location of the Roman road station of Stravianis
Metal finds from the area of the Yahya-Bey tower, present-day Chapel of the Magi, in Gorjani
No full textTijekom 2015. i 2018. godine na prostoru kapele Sveta tri kralja u Gorjanima provedena su arheološka istraživanja. Ustanovljeno je kako je današnja kapela izvorno građena kao osmanska kula tijekom druge polovice 16. stoljeća. Za izgradnju je korištena srednjovjekovna opeka, vjerojatno s ruševina srednjovjekovne Gore/Gare. Kula stambeno-obrambene namjene izvorno se sastojala od prizemlja i, najvjerojatnije, dva kata. Arheološki su istraženi unutrašnjost objekta, kao i veća površina južno i jugozapadno od kule, prilikom čega je otkrivena i veća otpadna kanalizacijska jama koja je pripadajućim zidanim kanalom bila povezana s kulom. U unutrašnjosti kule, u slojevima šute koji su prekrivali izvorni nivo poda, pronađen je samo jedan brončani nalaz, prsten koji se datira u kasno 18. ili rano 19. stoljeće. Među pokretnim nalazima iz arheoloških konteksta, povezanih s otpadno-kanalizacijskom jamom iz vremena osmanskog vladanja Gorom/Garom, izdvaja se zanimljiva, brojna i raznovrsna skupina metalnih nalaza. Među njima prednjače željezni okovi za obuću, slijede noževi, nekoliko alatki, britva, ulomak vatrenog oružja i dr. te oštećeni dijelovi brončanog posuđa. Pronađeni metalni nalazi pružaju nam određeni uvid u način odijevanja te neke običaje i aktivnosti osmanske posade ili posjednika kule.During 2015 and 2016, archaeological excavations were conducted in the area of the Chapel of the Magi, in Gorjani. They revealed that the present-day chapel was originally constructed as an Ottoman tower during the second half of the 16th century. The material used for construction was medieval brick, probably brought from the ruins of medieval Gora/Gara. The tower, used as a residential and defensive unit, originally comprised a ground floor and probably two upper floors. The area archaeologically excavated was the inside of the building and a sizeable area south and southwest of the tower, revealing a large sewage/waste pit connected to the tower by a brick canal. Rubble layers that covered the original floor layer inside the tower yielded only one bronze find: a ring dated to the late 18th or early 19th century. An interesting, numerous and diverse group of metal finds stands out among the movable finds from the archaeological contexts connected to the sewage/waste pit from the unutraštime of Ottoman rule over Gora/Gara. The most numerous ones are iron fittings for footwear, followed by knives, several tools, a razor, a firearm fragment, etc., as well as damaged pieces of bronze kitchenware. The metal finds give us insight into the wardrobe, some customs, and activities of the Ottoman crew, or the tower keepers
Results of Magnetic Prospection in Conection with the Archaeological Excavation Finds of Late Antique and Early Mediaeval Iron Production Sites Velike Hlebine and Dedanovice in The Podravina Region, Croatia
Get PDFSeveral sites containing a concentration of surface material with relatively high quantities of waste products from the bloomery iron production collected during archaeological field survey in the Podravina region as part of the TransFER project were subsequently investigated by magnetic prospecting. Among geophysical methods, the magnetic method is the most effective in identifying various archaeological remains of ironworks due to the high magnetic susceptibility of materials in iron production workshops, which was confirmed in the case of magnetic prospecting in relation to the results of archaeological excavations at Velike Hlebine and Dedanovice sites. The high content of strongly magnetic iron minerals in various iron production waste finds occurs during the smelting process. Other reasons for the higher magnetic susceptibility are fragments of burnt clay from the furnace construction and features such as shalow pits with burnt bottom, and all other materials that were exposed to high temperatures (other tehnical ceramics and the like). The sites of former bloomery iron production were therefore reliably identified on the basis of their magnetic properties and the results evaluated in relation to the excavated features
An insight into craft activities in rural areas of Dalmatia Province - First data on iron working at the Roman settlement in Lopar (Island of Rab)
Get PDFWithin multidisciplinary research carried out at Podšilo bay in Lopar on the island of Rab (north-eastern Adriatic), on the bases of movable finds and, possibly, geophysical measurements, evidence of ironworking has been detected within a Roman rural site where ceramic building materials production was ascertained before. Preliminary analyses of several samples of slug, iron objects and nearby collected minerals support the presumption of metallurgical activities occurring at the site. An overview of regional and wider analogies allows to propose several scenarios of iron working setup, scale and organisation
Evidence of Dalmatian Beekeeping in Roman Antiquity
No full textHoney pots and beehives have not garnered much interest in studies of the history and archaeology of ancient Dalmatia in the past giving the impression of the absence of such evidence. What evidence does exist forms an important addition to the increasingly more perceptible mosaic of ancient Mediterranean apiculture. The current chapter synthesizes what past research exists on this topic and aggregates that with important new research conducted by the authors concerning archaeological evidence of beekeeping in this region
The usage of hearth-related ceramic objects in Late Bronze Age households
No full textU radu se razmatraju nalazi različitih keramičkih predmeta pronađeni u kontekstu ognjišta na kasnobrončanodobnim nalazištima na prostoru kontinentalne Hrvatske. Riječ je o tronožnim pladnjevima, keramičkim prijekladima i prijenosnim pećima. U radu se donose i do sada neobjavljeni nalazi s nalazišta Kalnik – Igrišče te se raspravlja o njihovoj funkciji i značaju unutar brončanodobnih domaćinstava. Razmatranjem morfologije i tragova trošenja nastalih uslijed upotrebe ognjišnih keramičkih predmeta tijekom srednjeg te osobito kasnog brončanog doba uočeni su određeni obrasci i promjene u praksi korištenja takvih predmeta kao pokazatelji promjena u postupcima pripreme hrane. S druge strane takve promjene mogu se dovesti u vezu i sa društveno-ekonomskim prilikama koje su dio regionalnih kulturnih utjecaja.The paper examines various ceramic objects found in the context of hearths at Late Bronze Age sites in continental Croatia. These are tripod pans, ceramic andirons, and portable stoves. The paper presents previously unpublished artifacts from the Kalnik – Igrišče site and discusses their function and significance within Bronze Age households. By examining the morphology and use-wear traces of hearth-related ceramic objects during the Middle and especially Late Bronze Age, certain patterns and changes in the practice of using such objects were observed as indicators of changes in the food preparation process. On the other hand, such changes can also be linked to socio-economic circumstances that are part of regional cultural influences