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Results of the anthropological analysis of the osteological material from Mukoše site near Goriš from 2021
Get PDFU članku su predstavljeni rezultati antropološke analize koštanih ostataka iz arheoloških iskopavanja provedenih 2021. godine na lokalitetu Mukoše kraj Goriša te preliminarni rezultati antropološke analize svih dosad istraženih i analiziranih kostura s tog lokaliteta. Radiokarbonski datumi dobiveni iz dva uzorka kosti iz grobova pet i šest ukapanje na Mukošama smještaju u 16. stoljeće. Sveukupno je istraženo i analizirano 16 kostura iz 16 grobova, devet dječjih kostura starosti do deset godina te sedam kostura odraslih osoba (četiri muškarca i tri žena) starija od 35 godina. Rezultati antropološke analize uspoređeni su s dostupnim podacima o novovjekovnim populacijama iz Dalmatinske zagore, prvenstveno s rezultatima antropološke analize koštanih ostataka s lokaliteta Koprivno kraj Klisa i Drinovci – Greblje kraj Šibenika. Trenutni rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na nešto bolje uvjete i veću kvalitetu života istraživane populacije no nastavak istraživanja i dodatne informacije omogućit će konkretnije zaključke i usporedbe vezane uz zdravlje i prehranu novovjekovne populacije ukopane na lokalitetu Mukoše.The paper presents the preliminary results of the anthropological analysis of the osteological material from the archaeological excavations conducted at the Mukoše site near Goriš in 2021 and the preliminary results of the anthropological analysis of all the so far investigated and analysed skeletons from that site. The radiocarbon dating obtained from two osteological samples from graves 5 and 6 roughly places the burials at Mukoše in the 16th century. Altogether 16 skeletons from 16 graves were found and analysed: nine subadults up to the age of 10 and seven adults (4 male and 3 female) older than 35 years. The results of the analysis were compared with the available anthropological data for the Early Modern populations from the Dalmatian hinterland (Dalmatinska Zagora), mainly with the results of the anthropological analysis of the osteological assemblage from the Koprivno site near Klis and the Drinovci – Greblje site near Šibenik. The current results suggest that those buried in Mukoše had a somewhat higher standard of living and greater quality of life than their Early Modern counterparts, but further research and information will provide more concrete comparisons and conclusions regarding the health and diet of the Early Modern population buried at the Mukoše site
Bioarchaeological study of the population of Gora near Petrinja, Croatia
No full textIz sakristije crkve Uznesenja Blažene Djevice Marije u Gori analizirano je 50 kostura koji se datiraju od samoga početka XI. pa sve do kraja XVI. ili početka XVII. stoljeća te su kronološki podijeljeni u četiri faze ukopavanja. U svim je fazama kod žena uočena visoka prosječna doživljena starost te je, osim u prvoj fazi, primjetna njihova podzastupljenost u odnosu na muškarce. Najveći mortalitet djece zabilježen je između 2. i 8. godine života kada je fiziološki stres najveći. Pokazatelji subadultnog stresa zabilježeni su u svim fazama te ukazuju na loše životne uvjete i neadekvatnu prehranu. Na to upućuju i slučajevi skorbuta zabilježeni i u prvoj i u drugoj fazi te pojava zaraznih bolesti u prvoj (lepre) i četvrtoj fazi (tuberkuloze). S druge strane, u gorskom je uzorku zabilježena niska učestalost trauma, a većina prisutnih odnosi se na slučajne ozljede. Ipak, o prisutnosti namjernoga nasilja govori perimortalna trauma kod djeteta iz prve faze te antemortalna trauma na nosnim kostima žene iz četvrte faze. Na relativno malome uzorku iz sakristije zabilježen je iznenađujuće velik broj patoloških promjena, visoka učestalost indikatora subadultnog stresa i prisutnost namjernoga nasilja, što ukazuje na nepovoljne životne uvjete na ovome prostoru u svim razmatranim fazama.The analysis comprised of 50 skeletons from the sacristy of the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gora, buried from the beginning of the 11th century until the end of the 16th or the beginning of the 17th century and chronologically divided into four burial phases. In all phases, a high average age at death was observed in females, who are noticeably underrepresented in all the phases except the first. The highest mortality of subadults was recorded between 2 and 8 years of age, when physiological stress is greatest. Indicators of subadult stress have been recorded in all phases, suggesting poor living conditions and inadequate diet. This is further indicated by the cases of scurvy in the first and second phases as well as infectious diseases in the first (leprosy) and fourth (tuberculosis) phases. On the other hand, the Gora sample generally had a low frequency of traumas, most of them related to accidental injuries. However, the presence of intentional violence is indicated by a perimortem trauma in a subadult from the first phase and an antemortem trauma on the nasal bones of a female from the fourth phase. The relatively small sample had a surprisingly large number of pathological changes, a high frequency of subadult stress indicators, and the presence of intentional violence; indicating unfavourable living conditions in this area in all the considered phases
The casting moulds for socketed axes from the site Kalnik – Igrišče
No full textRad donosi rezultate istraživanja kasnobrončanodobnog naselja Kalnik – Igrišče i to dio koji se odnosi na postojanje ljevačke radionice iz perioda kulture polja sa žarama od 12. do 9. st. pr. Kr. Analiziraju se ulomci kalupa koji su služili za lijevanje šupljih sjekira. Donose se njihove tipološke i tehnološke karakteristike te se stavljaju u kontekst istovremenih nalaza s područja južne Panonije i susjednih zemalja.The paper shows the results of the investigation of the Late Bronze Age Kalnik – Igrišče settlement and the bronze-casting workshop from the period of the Urnfield culture (the 12th c. to the 9th c. BC). We analyse the fragments of bronze casting moulds for socketed axes, present their typological and technological characteristics, and put them in the context of the contemporary finds from the southern Pannonian plain and the neighbouring regions
Finds of Roman military equipment and horse harness from the site of Ostrovo – Sokolovac
No full textU nekoliko terenskih pregleda Gradskog muzeja Vinkovci prostora između Ostrova i Gaboša, smještenih sjeverno od Vinkovaca, otkrivena su nova arheološka nalazišta, od kojih se brojnošću kao i raznovrsnošću nalaza izdvaja ono na položaju Ostrovo – Sokolovac. Osim nalaza iz mlađeg željeznog doba, najveći broj prikupljenih predmeta pripada razdoblju antike te ukazuje na postojanje naselja koje se vjerojatno nalazilo uz cestu Cibalae – Mursa. Među metalnim nalazima ističu se elementi pojasnih garnitura, zatim dijelovi konjske opreme (orme) i element oklopa (lorica segmentata) koji se mogu povezati s rimskom vojskom. Iako nedostaje kontekst nalaza, tipološko-kronološka analiza omogućila je izdvajanje dva horizonta potencijalne vojne prisutnosti: prvi, znatno slabije zastupljen, u 1. stoljeće te drugi, u 2. – 3. stoljeće, kojem pripada većina nalaza. Interpretacija nalaza oslanja se na postojeće analogije kao i njihovu kontekstualnu interpretaciju, pri čemu se ukazuje na potencijal uloge veterana.Field surveys of the area between the settlements of Ostrovo and Gaboš north of Vinkovci, carried out by the Vinkovci Municipal Museum, revealed the existence of several new archaeological sites. Among these, the site of Ostrovo – Sokolovac stands out by having numerous and diverse finds. Aside from the Late Iron Age, the largest amount of surface finds belongs to Antiquity, pointing to the existence of a settlement that was probably located alongside the Cibalae – Mursa road. Notable metal finds are the elements of belt sets, horse gear (harness), and an armour element (lorica segmentata) that can be associated with the Roman army. Even though the finds have no contexts, the typological and chronological analysis helped single out two horizons of potential military presence: one from the 1st c. AD, which is poorly represented, and another from the 2nd and 3rd c. AD, which most of the finds belong to. Their interpretation relies on known analogies and their contextual interpretations, with the emphasis on the potential role of veterans
First results of the excavations of the Roman Villa of Bunje (Brač Island, Croatia)
No full textDifferent pottery categories from different production centres were found. Amphorae came from Northern African, Eastern Mediterranean, possibly Eastern Adriatic and Italian workshops along with transported goods. Sigillata finds vary from early Italian, Eastern Mediterranean and later North African types. From the 3rd century AD ARS is dominant along with, later, Phocaean red slipped ware. Pannonian fine wares, such as dark gray PSW bowls and plates, and marmorized bowls, have also been found, just as thin-walled ware from Italic workshops. A certain amount of table ware was not identified in terms of origin, and given the quantity we assume it was produced in yet unknown Eastern Adriatic workshops. Dolia are presumed to have been produced locally too. Cooking ware is present with different vessels, imported from the Eastern Mediterranean, South-Eastern Adriatic (Illyirian ware), North African workshops while some were probably produced locally. Tegulae mostly carry PANSIANA stamps
Loštice goblets and their imitations in the Medieval Slavonia
Get PDFThe Loštice goblets, goods primarily intended to a circle of high feudal lords, originating from North Moravian workshops at the end of the Late Middle Ages were used in the castles all over the Central Europe. Their distribution in the area of medieval Slavonia has not been considered so far in the professional literature. However, archaeological excavations (and one historical record) confirm their presence at six Slavonian castles and one rural settlement. The local and foreign imitations of Loštice goblets have also been found at several Slavonian sites. These new data open up possibilities of further reflections on late medieval trade and the fashion practiced by the Central European medieval elite
To be or...NOT to be Liburnian: views on ethnicity in the Iron Age of the Eastern Adriatic
No full textThe Iron Age landscape of the Eastern Adriatic coast with its immediate hinterland is usually divided into territories assigned to diverse groups, i.e. the Liburni, Iapodes or Delmates, thought to correspond to ethnic communities. Such divisions are probably more rooted in the traditional interpretations of ancient literary sources than in the actual archaeological record. The problematic bias due to the uneven state of research between different areas is another factor to be considered. This simplistic ethnic identification is however challenged with a new critical analysis of both historical and archaeological sources, allowing us to evaluate the results in the light of more recent theoretical approaches to ethnicity and identity.The picture that emerges is that of a non-homogenous ethnic landscape. The paper will give an overview of the current state of research and possible interpretations for the area of northern and central Eastern Adriatic. Further data from other parts of the Adriatic coast will also be addressed in order to demonstrate how our perspective changes in the light of new information. It will also try to answer the questio as to what challenges the ethnic interpretation of the archaeological record poses and how this diverse data may be integrated, while bearing in mind the traditional views on regional identity markers that are still held today
The results of the rescue excavations at the Late La Tene settlement of Lozan – Lendava in the Drava Valley
Get PDFU zaštitnim arheološkim istraživanjima nalazišta Lozan – Lendava kod Špišić Bukovice, koja su provedena u jesen 2019. godine, otkriveni su dijelovi infrastrukture kasnolatenskoga naselja. Nalazište je do sada bilo poznato kao kasnosrednjovjekovno gradište, no u istraživanjima ono nije potvrđeno. Infrastrukturu kasnolatenskoga naselja predstavljali su ostaci ukopanih objekata u kojima su pronađeni ulomci keramičkih posuda izrađenih na lončarskome kolu, no zabilježeni su i pojedini prepoznatljivi oblici koji su izrađeni rukom. Rezultati istraživanja u naselja u Lozanu odgovaraju dosadašnjim spoznajama o istovremenim naseljima oko Virovitice i Koprivnice te ukazuju na intenzivnu naseljenost Podravine tijekom kasnoga latena, odnosno krajem 2. i u 1. st. pr. Kr.The archaeological rescue excavations at the Lozan – Lendava site near Špišić Bukovica, carried out in the fall of 2019, uncovered parts of infrastructure of a Late La Tene settlement. The site used to be known as a late medieval lowland hillfort, but the excavations have not confirmed this. The infrastructure of the Late La Tene settlement was represented by the remains of buried structures containing fragments of wheel-thrown pottery, but there were also particular recognizable handmade shapes. The results of the excavations at the Lozan settlement agree with the known facts about the contemporary settlements around Virovitica and Koprivnica, indicating that the Drava Valley was intensively inhabited during the Late La Tène period, i.e. at the end of the 2nd and in the 1st century BC
On the Stone Mounds of the Island of Šćedro
Get PDFU sklopu projekta „Mapiranje, dokumentiranje i pregled arheoloških lokaliteta otoka Šćedra“, provedenoga u ljeto 2018. i 2019. godine, otkriven je izrazito veliki broj kamenih gomila na otoku Šćedru koje nisu bile ustanovljene u dosadašnjim stručnim i amaterskim arheološkim istraživanjima otoka. Terenskim su pregledom i zračnim istraživanjem, pored suvremenih suhozida, dokumentirane kružne, ovalne i izdužene rasute kamene gomile. Na osnovi pregleda satelitskih snimki Državne geodetske uprave iz 1968. i novih zračnih snimki, uočava se utjecaj vegetacije na (smanjenu) vidljivost takvih tvorevina iz zraka. Proučavanjem posebice kružnih gomila utvrđeno je postojanje obrazaca pri odabiru kamenoga materijala i položaja za njihovo podizanje. Temeljem njihovih karakteristika, smještaja u krajoliku i već istraženih sličnih struktura toga prostora, pretpostavljamo da su arheološkoga karaktera, i to prapovijesni grobni humci, što vjerojatno ukazuje na izrazitiji intenzitet korištenja otoka u prošlosti. Ipak, kao bi se potvrdio i jasno definirao karakter gomila, kao i kronološko određenje svake, trebaju se provesti stručna arheološka iskopavanja.Within the project ‘Mapping, Documenting, and Surveying the Archaeological Sites on the Island of Šćedro’, conducted in the summers of 2018 and 2019, many stone mounds were discovered on the island of Šćedro that had not been recorded in previous expert and amateur archaeological research. The field survey and remote (aerial) sensing documented circular, oval, and elongated bulk cairns, in addition to modern dry-stone walls. A review of satellite images from the State Geodetic Administration from 1968 and new aerial records observed the influence of vegetation on the (reduced) visibility of the archaeological formations from the air. In particular, the study of the circular cairns identified patterns in the selection of stone material and the position for their erection. Based on their characteristics, their location in the landscape, and similar structures already researched in the region, we assume that they are of an archaeological character, probably prehistoric burial mounds, whose presence on the island of Šćedro may indicate a marked intensity of use of the island in the past. However, the character and time of construction of each mound should be confirmed and clearly defined by expert archaeological excavations
Underwater middle Paleolithic site of Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik: lithic perspective
Get PDFKaštel Štafilić – Resnik prvi je sustavno istraživan podvodni paleolitički lokalitet u Hrvatskoj. Lokalitet je smješten u Kaštelanskom zaljevu u srednjoj Dalmaciji koja je, kao i cijeli jadranski bazen, prošla kroz geomorfološke promjene uzrokovane, među ostalim i marinskom transgresijom. Podizanje razine mora na prijelazu iz pleistocena u holocen utjecalo je na destrukciju pleistocenskih slojeva i potapanje lokaliteta. Nalazi su tipološki smješteni u mustjersku kulturu, uz iznimku nekolicine nalaza koji pripadaju gornjem paleolitiku. U radu su predstavljeni rezultati tehnološke i tipološke analize nalaza koje je prikupio I. Svilan u Kaštelanskom zaljevu i, po prvi puta, sirovinske analize litičkih nalaza iz sustavnih istraživanja, ali i iz zbirke I. Svilana, koji potvrđuju Kaštelanski zaljev kao mjesto boravka neandertalaca u srednjem paleolitiku.Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik is the first underwater Paleolithic site in Croatia to be systematically investigated. The site is located in the Kaštela Bay in central Dalmatia which, like the rest of the Adriatic Basin, has undergone geomorphological changes caused, among other factors, by marine transgression. Sea level rise at the Pleistocene to Holocene transition destructively affected the Pleistocene strata and caused the submergence of the site. The lithic finds are typologically placed in the Mousterian culture, with the exception of a few finds belonging to the Upper Paleolithic. The paper presents the results of technological and typological analysis of findings collected by I. Svilan in Kaštela Bay and, for the first time, raw material analysis of lithic finds from systematic research but also from the collection of I. Svilan, which confirm that Neanderthals occupied Kaštela Bay during the Middle Paleolithic