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Plan upravljanja istraživačkim podacima - KulturFER (IP-2022-10-1846)
No full textPlan upravljanja istraživačkim podacima - KulturFER (IP-2022-10-1846
Comparative malacological collection as a scientific tool in archaeology
No full textLjušture mekušaca čest su nalaz, kako na arheološkim lokalitetima, tako i u arheološkim analizama. S obzirom da se ovaj tip nalaza često pronalazi u velikim količinama, pristup usporednoj malakološkoj zbirci bitno pridonosi bržoj i preciznijoj taksonomskoj determinaciji malakoloških uzoraka s arheoloških lokaliteta. Premda u Hrvatskoj postoje vrlo bogate malakološke zbirke, niti jedna od njih nije specijalizirana za analizu arheoloških uzoraka. Iz tog se razloga pojavila potreba za predstavljanjem teorijskog okvira i praktičnih primjera u stvaranju takve zbirke. Sama struktura zbirke oslanja se na već postojeća pravila za stvaranje malakoloških zbirki. U radu je prikazan proces stvaranja usporedne malakološke zbirke kroz nekoliko koraka: prikupljanje, priprema, pohrana, organizacija i dugoročna zaštita zbirke. Ipak, zbog specifičnosti arheoloških uzoraka u vidu tafonomskih modifikacija, ovaj tip zbirke zahtijeva dodatne razine. Na ovaj će se način, osim preciznije taksonomske analize, dobiti i kvalitetnija tafonomska analiza, što će u konačnici rezultirati cjelovitijim interpretacijama arheoloških pitanja.Fragments of mollusc shells have become a common find, both at archaeological sites and in scientific analyses. Given that this type of find is often found in large quantities, access to a comparative archaeomalacological collection significantly contributes to a faster and more precise taxonomic determination of malacological samples from archaeological sites. Although there are very abundant malacological collections in Croatia, none of them are specialized for the analysis of archaeological samples. For this reason, the need arose to present a theoretical framework and practical examples in the process of building such a collection. The structure of the collection relies on the existing rules for creating malacological collections. The paper presents the process of creating a comparative archaeomalacological collection through several steps: collection, preparation, storage, organization and long-term protection of the collection. However, due to the peculiarities of archaeological samples in the form of taphonomic modifications, this type of collection requires additional levels. It will result not only in a more precise taxonomic analysis, but also in a higher-quality taphonomic analysis, which will ultimately lead to more accurate interpretations of archaeological issues
Bronze and Iron Age settlements at the site of Osijek – Ciglana and Zeleno polje
Get PDFArheološkim istraživanjima na lokalitetu Osijek – Ciglana i Zeleno polje utvrđeni su ostaci naselja iz brončanoga i željeznoga doba. Najstarije naselje, osnovano tijekom srednjega brončanog doba, kontinuirano je živjelo do starije faze kasnoga brončanog doba. Nakon dužega hijatusa, položaj je ponovno naseljen u mlađoj fazi starijega željeznog doba te zatim ponovno u kasnolatenskome razdoblju. Istraženost veće površine omogućila je praćenje promjena u strukturi i organizaciji naselja, dok provedene arheozoološke i arheobotaničke analize svjedoče o privredi stanovništva naseljenoga na istome prostoru tijekom dužega vremenskog razdoblja. Na brončanodobnom naselju najveće su promjene primjetne na prijelazu starije u mlađu srednjobrončanodobnu fazu, što se poklapa s nestankom inkrustirane keramike srednjega brončanog doba te nešto češćom pojavom materijala kakav se pripisuje kulturi grobnih humaka. Rezultati arheozooloških i arheobotaničkih analiza pokazuju kako se, bez obzira na promjene arheoloških kultura i razdoblja, privreda stanovništva naseljenoga na istome mjestu nije bitno mijenjala.Archaeological research at the site of Osijek – Ciglana and Zeleno polje revealed remains of a Bronze and Iron Age settlement. The earliest settlement was established during the Middle Bronze Age and was continually settled till the early phase of the Late Bronze Age. After a long hiatus, the site was settled again in the late phase of the Early Iron Age and in the Late La Tene period. Excavation of a larger area enabled researchers to track changes in the structure and organization of the settlement, while the conducted archaeozoological and archaeobotanical analyses testified to the economy of a population settled in the same area over a longer period of time. In the Bronze Age settlement, the most significant changes are noticeable at the turn of the early to the late phase of the Middle Bronze Age, which corresponds to the disappearance of encrusted pottery of the Middle Bronze Age and somewhat more common appearance of material assigned to the Tumulus culture. The results of archaeozoological and archaeobotanical analyses show that, regardless of the changes of archaeological cultures and periods, the economy of the population settled in the same area did not significantly alter
Ruralni krajolici rimske (sjeverne) Liburnije: dijakronijski razvoj organizacije i gospodarstva u izvangradskim područjima u svjetlu novijih arheoloških istraživanja (Sažetak)
Get PDFThe archaeology of Roman rural landscapes in the province of Dalmatia, and especially northern Liburnia, has until recently focused on single-site or single-monument analyses, allowing for only geographically patchy and chronologically limited conclusions. Considering the results of recent research in the wider Kvarner and sub-Velebit area, the paper discusses issues of Roman extra-urban territorial organisation, the formation and evolution of settlement and economies on rural estates. Using several case studies, the role of indigenous residents and immigrants in the organisation of the countryside during the early Imperial era is addressed, testifying to a diversified social structure of both landowners and the employed workforce. Later developments in rural settlement are analysed through the prism of newly emergent geopolitical factors emerging in the region from the 3rd century onward. The Christianisation of rural areas and associated novel social practices, and possibly new forms of habitation, are also covered. Finally, the final phases of use of rural sites can now be more cogently discussed thanks to new data from several, mainly insular sites.Pristupajući sjeverozapadnom dijelu provincije Dalmacije, odnosno sjevernoj Liburniji, kroz suvremene metode interpretacije (rimskih) krajolika, u radu se raspravlja o formiranju, organizaciji i evoluciji izvangradskih naselja i njihovoj ekonomiji. U tu su svrhu prikupljeni podaci recentnih istraživanja provedenih na obalnome i otočnome dijelu Kvarnera, Hrvatskoga i podvelebitskog primorja. Kako bi se razumjele promjene, odnosno kontinuitet naseljavanja izvangradskih područja, rasprava započinje pregledom dostupnih podataka za predrimsku organi¬zaciju ruralnih krajolika. Potom se, na temelju još uvijek sporadičnih i ograničenih podataka, raspravlja o formiranju rimskoga tzv. krajolika vila, o pojedincima, odnosno društvenim grupama te o gospodarskim aktivnostima koje je moguće povezati uz te, mahom novonastale, lokalitete.
Detektirajući društveno-političke promjene koje su zahvatile širu jadransku regiju i specifično sjevernu Liburniju u 3., a moguće već i u 2. stoljeću, u radu se raspravlja o mogućim primjerima prvoga „vala“ transformacija ruralnih kra¬jolika, posebno u smislu snažnih promjena gospodarskih aktivnosti, ali moguće i strukturnih značajki ruralnih sklopova.
Daljnji razvoj i evoluciju ruralnih i izvangradskih prostora sjeverne Liburnije nešto je lakše pratiti zahvaljujući dosadašnjem velikom interesu istraživača za crkvena zdanja koja su postupno počela dominirati krajolikom od 5. st. nadalje. Sagledavajući njihov položaj u odnosu na ranije lokalitete te njihove karakteristike i pojedine nalaze, predlaže se interpretacija o značenju kapilarne kristijanizacije izvangradskih prostora u kontekstu društvenih odnosa i praksi kasnoantičkoga razdoblja. S druge strane, još uvijek rijetki podaci o transformacijama ruralnih rezidencijalno-proizvodnih sklopova omogućavaju detektiranje pojedinih procesa, poput reupotrebe i recikliranja, te njihovu interpretaciju kroz prizmu gospodarstva i mogućeg nastajanja novih oblika naseljavanja.
Iako su u radu analizirani podaci još uvijek nedostatni, posebno iz aspekta materijalne kulture, a uzorak lokaliteta daleko je od zadovoljavajućega, dijak¬ronijsko sagledavanje razvoja i transformacija ruralnoga krajolika sjeverne Li¬burnije omogućeno je analizom koja uzima u obzir različite pokazatelje i izvore te analogije iz okolnih područja. Buduća stratigrafska istraživanja ruralnih lokaliteta i paralelna analiza materijalne kulture, posebno njihova dosljedna objava, zasig¬urno će pomoći u razrješenju brojnih, ovdje tek naznačenih i još uvijek otvorenih pitanja te omogućiti stvaranje robusnijeg modela razvoja rimskih ruralnih krajolika sjeverne Liburnije
Discovering the Old Dubrovnik Cathedrals. Research Activities and the International Collaboration in 2020–2022
Get PDFU radu su predstavljene aktivnosti provedene u okviru projekta Otkrivanje starih dubrovačkih katedrala u razdoblju 2020. – 2022. godine, koje uključuju novouspostavljene suradnje s domaćim i inozemnim institucijama i konzorcijima. Temeljni cilj projekta stručna je i znanstvena obrada pokretnih spomenika i arheoloških nalaza s lokaliteta dubrovačke katedrale, istraženog davnih 1980-ih. Nakon što je u prethodnim ciklusima obrađeno 80% nalaza (poglavito kamene plastike i žbuka zidnih slika prethodnica barokne prvostolnice), od 2020. godine pristupilo se prikupljanju i obradi podataka za nalaze in situ, što se primarno odnosi na očuvane cjeline najstarije bazilike, njena svetišta i bočnih brodova. Donose se preliminarni rezultati povezivanja podataka za nalaze kamene plastike predromaničkog razdoblja i ulomke žbuka in situ te iz arheološkog sloja, a koji postavljaju osnove za nešto drugačije kronološke odrednice pojedinih faza opremanja crkve od do sada važećih. Dobivene rezultate unaprijedit će analize žbuka i kostiju iz grobova s nalazišta AMS 14C metodom, kao i analize uzoraka morta iz zida svetišta i tla s prostora srednjeg broda crkve, metodama OSL i arheomagnetizma, a koje su u tijeku. Za daljnju interpretaciju nalaza od osobite je važnosti provedena aktivnost izrade nove dokumentacije – fotogrametrijskih snimaka svetišta i pojedinih grobnih cjelina te multipspektralnih snimaka slikanih prizora i crteža iz bočnih brodova crkve.The paper presents the activities of the project Discovering the Old Dubrovnik Cathedrals in the period 2020–2022, including the activities of the newly established collaborations with Croatian institutions and international consortia. The main goal of the project is the expert and scientific analysis of all movable monuments and archaeological finds from the site of Dubrovnik Cathedral, which was archaeologically excavated in the 1980s. After 80% of all movable finds were analysed in the previous phases of the project (mainly the stone sculpture and the plaster of the wall paintings of the two churches preceding the Baroque cathedral), the collecting and analysing of data for the in situ finds was initiated in 2020. This refers primarily to the preserved parts of the earliest basilica, its sanctuary, and the side aisles. We present the preliminary results of integrating data for pre-Romanesque stone sculpture and different layers of plaster in situ, laying the foundations for a chronological determination of particular phases of church-furnishing that differs from the current ones. The obtained results will be complemented by the AMS 14C analysis of the samples of plaster and bones from the graves collected on the site, and by the OSL and archaeomagnetism analysis of the samples of mortar from the sanctuary wall and of the soil from the area of the main aisle of the church, which are all in progress. It is of great importance for further interpretation of the finds that the site was documented using contemporary methods: photogrammetric images of the sanctuary and individual burial units, and multispectral images of painted scenes and drawings from the side aisles of the church
The Mesolithic in Slovenia
Get PDFV članku predstavljamo zgodovino in stanje raziskav mezolitika ter pomembnejša mezolitska najdišča v Sloveniji. Poznavanje mezolitika v Sloveniji je kljub številnim novoodkritim najdiščem še vedno skromno. Razlog za to so neustrezne izkopavalne metode v preteklosti in pomanjkanje sistematičnih raziskav, ki bi zajele večje površine. Revizijsko mokro sejanje dela deponije izkopane mezolitske plasti Male Triglavce je na dan prineslo bogato zbirko mikrolitskih orodij, ki kažejo, da je na najdišču poleg kastelnovjenske zastopana tudi sovterjenska tehnološka tradicija. Obe mezolitski fazi sta verjetno zastopani tudi v najdišču Viktorjev spodmol. Pri podvodnih raziskavah struge potoka Ljubija na Ljubljanskem barju je bila poleg resedimentiranih kamnitih in koščenih orodij najdena človeška lobanja, radiokarbonsko datirana v zgodnji holocen. V gorah Zgornjega Posočja je bilo po zaslugi ljubiteljskih arheologov odkritih več planih najdišč kamnitih artefaktov. Na podlagi kamnitih najdb, zbranih s površinskim nabiranjem in pri arheoloških izkopavanjih, lahko nekatera izmed njih opredelimo v sovterjen, najdišče Leskovca II na planini Leskovca pa bi lahko pripadalo celo epigravetjenu. Na najdiščih, kjer so se ohranili živalski ostanki, sta med lovnimi živalmi najbolje zastopana navadni jelen in divja svinja.The article presents the history, the state of Mesolithic research and the most important Mesolithic sites in Slovenia. Knowledge about the Mesolithic in Slovenia is still poor, despite numerous newly discovered sites. This is due to inadequate excavation methods in the past and the lack of systematic research that would cover larger areas. Revision and wet sieving of part of the backdirt of the excavated Mesolithic layer of Mala Triglavca revealed a rich collection of microlithic tools, showing that, in addition to the Castelnovian, the Sauveterrian technological tradition is also represented at this site. Both Mesolithic phases are probably also represented in the Viktorjev spodmol. During underwater investigations of the Ljubija stream in the Ljubljansko barje (Ljubljana Marshes), in addition to resedimented stone and osseous tools, a human skull was found, which was radiocarbon dated to the Early Holocene. Thanks to amateur archaeologists, several open-air sites with stone artefacts were discovered in the mountains of the Upper Soča Valley. Based on stone artefacts collected during surface surveys and archaeological excavations, some of these sites can be assigned to the Sauveterrian, and the site of Leskovca II on the Leskovca alp may even belong to the Epigravettian. At the sites where faunal remains have been preserved, red deer and wild boar predominate among the hunting animals
Archaeological excavations on Ivana Pavla II Street (the so-called Lupi plot) in Stari Grad on the island of Hvar (2021)
No full textU radu se donose rezultati zaštitnih arheoloških iskopavanja koja je hvarska tvrtka Kantharos, u suradnji s Institutom za arheologiju, provela 2021. godine u Ulici Ivana Pavla II (tzv. parcela Lupi) u Starome Gradu na otoku Hvaru. Istraživanjem na predmetnoj lokaciji utvrđeno je postojanje antičkoga objekta, s ostacima arhitekture te popratnih pokretnih nalaza i životinjskih ostataka, koji ukazuju na intenzivno korištenje prostora tijekom grčkoga i rimskog perioda (od 4. st. pr. Kr. do 3. st. po Kr.), nakon čega dolazi do njegova napuštanja, vjerojatno zbog suženja gradskoga prostora evidentiranoga gradnjom novoga bedema.
Uočen je nedostatak podatka na kraju teksta, nakon dopune teksta, pdf verzija rada je zamijenjen 20.2.2023.The paper presents the results of the archaeological rescue excavations that were conducted by the archaeological company Kantharos in cooperation with the Institute of Archaeology in 2021 on Ivana Pavla II Street (the so-called Lupi plot) in Stari Grad on the island of Hvar. The excavations found an ancient building, with the remains of architecture and concomitant artefacts and animal remains, indicating that the space was intensively used during the Greek and Roman periods (from the 4th century BC to the 3rd century AD), after which it was abandoned, probably because of the narrowing of the urban area indicated by the construction of a new rampart.
A lack of data at the end of the text was noticed, after the text was added, the pdf version of the paper was replaced on 20.2.2023
Preliminarna tipologija i kontekstualna analiza rimskoga i kasnoantičkoga kuhinjskog posuđa iz antičkoga ruralnog naselja u uvali Podšilo na otoku Rabu (sjeveroistočni Jadran, Hrvatska)
No full textThe paper presents a preliminary typology of coarse cooking ware from the Roman/late antique layers of the rural settlement at Podšilo bay on the island of Rab. The vessels have been associated with several basic shapes and divided by types, while fabrics have been described macroscopically. Analogies and a contextual analysis were used to propose dating and to assess provenience for well-known ware classes or to define areas of circulation for those with a more regional distribution. By analyzing the distribution within the settlement, we propose a tentative conclusion on their use within the latest phase of frequentation, and an attempt at understanding the culinary practices and household use of the ware.
This paper stems from the activities carried out within the framework of the grant from the Polish National Science Center (Narodowe Centrum Nauki - NCN): “The fall, crisis or transformation? Correlation of the late antique settlement pattern changes with environment and climate fluctuations in the north-eastern Adriatic region based on results of geoarchaeological and palaeoclimatic research”, ID: 478202, NO. 2020/37/B/HS3/02458.U radu se donosi preliminarna tipologija grube kuhinjske keramike iz rimskih/kasnoantičkih slojeva ruralnoga naselja u uvali Podšilo na otoku Rabu. Posude su interpretirane morfološki prema nekoliko osnovnih oblika i podijeljene u tipove, dok su keramičke strukture opisane na temelju makroskopskih opažanja. Analogije i kontekstualna analiza omogućile su prijedlog datacija te determinaciju provenijencije za keramičke klase šire distribucije odnosno definiciju distribucijskih zona za one regionalne cirkulacije. Analizom distribucije posuda unutar samoga lokaliteta donose se preliminarni zaključci o njihovom korištenju u zadnjoj fazi upotrebe prostora naselja, kao i kulinarskim praksama te kućanskoj upotrebi ovoga posuđa.
Ovaj rad proizlazi iz aktivnosti provedenih u okviru stipendije Poljskog nacionalnog znanstvenog centra (Narodowe Centrum Nauki – NCN): „Pad, kriza ili transfomacija? Korelacija promjena kasnoantičkog obrasca naseljavanja s okolišem i klimatskim fluktuacijama u regiji sjeveroistočnog Jadrana na temelju rezultata geoarheoloških i paleoklimatskih istraživanja“, ID: 478202, NO. 2020/37/B/HS3/02458
Roman Pottery and Glass Manufactures. Production and trade in the Adriatic region and beyond. Proceedings of the 4th International Archaeological Colloquium (Crikvenica, 8-9 November 2017)
No full text32 papers consider issues of pottery production in the wider Adriatic area during Roman times, in particular relation to landscape and communication features, ceramic building materials, as well as general studies on ceramic production, pottery and glass finds
Late la Tène fibulae of the Rakitno-type. Evidence of contacts between the western Balkans and the southern part of the Carpathian basin
Get PDFFibulae with a knob on a backward-bent foot, of which different variants of the Picugi type are probably best known, evolved in the eastern Adriatic and its hinterland, and the wider south- eastern Alps during the last two centuries BC. A similar but distinct type of fibula named the Rakitno type has been identified based on its morphological characteristics and distribution. Fibulae of this type have mainly been recorded at sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but also in the Sava valley and eastern Slavonia. Similarities in the way they are decorated, with a series of knobs on the backward-bent foot, link fibulae of the Rakitno type with other contemporary forms recorded in the south-eastern part of the Carpathian Basin (fibulae of the Jarak type) and the south-eastern Alps (fibulae of the Mihovo type), indicating that designs were exchanged and then adapted to different communities in local workshops. On the other hand, finds of fibulae of the Rakitno type at sites in eastern Slavonia attest to contacts with communities settled in the western Balkans. Despite the absence of finds from closed associations, documented comparisons allow for fibulae of the Rakitno type to be dated to the latter half of the 2nd and the early 1st centuries BC, with the assumption that this design was typical of female costume