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Prapovijesno naselje u Ribnici kod Brežica (jugoistočna Slovenija)
Get PDFThe archaeological site of Ribnica near Brežice has been known to the general public since the mid-1950s as the location of the Roman roadside station Romula. Between 2001 and 2004, extensive archaeological excavations took place on the site because of the planned construction of the Ljubljana – Obrežje highway; among other things, it proved that this location was attractive not only to the Romans, but also to settlers in prehistory, the Middle Ages, and modern times. The earliest archaeological remains at Ribnica date to the Eneolithic period, followed by the Bronze Age settlement and a few pits from the La Tène period. Among the prehistoric finds, those from the Bronze Age are the most numerous, while those from the Eneolithic and the La Tène period appear only sporadically. Although two decades have passed since the excavations at Ribnica, the research results have not been published yet. In this paper, we provide an overview of the prehistoric remains discovered in Ribnica near Brežice.Arheološko nalazište Ribnica kod Brežica poznato je u javnosti od sredine pedesetih godina 20. stoljeća kao lokacija rimske cestovne postaje Romula. Između 2001. i 2004. na nalazištu su sprovedena opsežna arheološka istraživanja zbog planirane izgradnje ceste Ljubljana – Obrežje, a između ostaloga se pokazalo da je ta lokacija bila privlačna ne samo Rimljanima, nego i doseljenicima u prapovijesti, srednjem i novom vijeku. Najstariji arheološki ostatci u Ribnici potječu iz eneolitika, a zatim slijedi brončanodobno naselje i nekoliko jama iz latena. Među prapovijesnim nalazima najviše je onih iz brončanog doba, dok se oni iz eneolitika i latena javljaju samo sporadično. Iako su od istraživanja u Ribnici protekla dva desetljeća, rezultati istraživanja još nisu objavljeni. U ovom članku dajemo pregled prapovijesnih ostataka otkrivenih u Ribnici kod Brežica
Prapovijesno naselje u Ribnici kod Brežica (jugoistočna Slovenija)
Get PDFThe archaeological site of Ribnica near Brežice has been known to the general public since the mid-1950s as the location of the Roman roadside station Romula. Between 2001 and 2004, extensive archaeological excavations took place on the site because of the planned construction of the Ljubljana – Obrežje highway; among other things, it proved that this location was attractive not only to the Romans, but also to settlers in prehistory, the Middle Ages, and modern times. The earliest archaeological remains at Ribnica date to the Eneolithic period, followed by the Bronze Age settlement and a few pits from the La Tène period. Among the prehistoric finds, those from the Bronze Age are the most numerous, while those from the Eneolithic and the La Tène period appear only sporadically. Although two decades have passed since the excavations at Ribnica, the research results have not been published yet. In this paper, we provide an overview of the prehistoric remains discovered in Ribnica near Brežice.Arheološko nalazište Ribnica kod Brežica poznato je u javnosti od sredine pedesetih godina 20. stoljeća kao lokacija rimske cestovne postaje Romula. Između 2001. i 2004. na nalazištu su sprovedena opsežna arheološka istraživanja zbog planirane izgradnje ceste Ljubljana – Obrežje, a između ostaloga se pokazalo da je ta lokacija bila privlačna ne samo Rimljanima, nego i doseljenicima u prapovijesti, srednjem i novom vijeku. Najstariji arheološki ostatci u Ribnici potječu iz eneolitika, a zatim slijedi brončanodobno naselje i nekoliko jama iz latena. Među prapovijesnim nalazima najviše je onih iz brončanog doba, dok se oni iz eneolitika i latena javljaju samo sporadično. Iako su od istraživanja u Ribnici protekla dva desetljeća, rezultati istraživanja još nisu objavljeni. U ovom članku dajemo pregled prapovijesnih ostataka otkrivenih u Ribnici kod Brežica
Archaeobotanical Analysis of “Liburnian” Pottery from the Nadin – Gradina site
Get PDFU radu su analizirani biljni makroostaci na glinenim ulomcima s organskim primjesama s nalazišta Nadin – Gradina u sjevernoj Dalmaciji. Ulomci keramičke posude većih dimenzija skladišne namjene potječu iz jednog zatvorenog naseobinskog konteksta (SJ 419) datiranog radiokarbonskom metodom u razdoblje starijeg željeznog doba, odnosno u vremenski okvir posljednje četvrtine 9. st. pr. Kr. do sredine 8. st. pr. Kr. Organske primjese korištene su od najranijh vremena u smjesi za izradu keramike kako bi se utjecalo na svojstva konačnog keramičkog produkta. Takvi sušeni ili pečeni keramički predmeti sadrže tragove korištenja biljnih primjesa u vidu otisaka i biljnih ostataka. Identificirani biljni ostaci većim dijelom potječu od ostataka vršidbe žitarica: pšeno, stabljike i listovi te pljeve i ostaci klasa. Na temelju analize otisaka i ostataka biljnih primjesa bilo je moguće determinirati krupnozrne žitarice: ječam (Hordeum sp.) i pšenicu (Triticum sp.) te sitnozrne: proso/muhar (Panicum/Setaria sp.). od ostalih nalaza pronađeni su tragovi masline (Olea europaea) i drijena (cf. Cornus mas) te skupine trava (Poaceae). Otisci i ostaci biljnih primjesa u keramici često ostaju nezamijećeni, iako predstavljaju vrijednu dopunu klasičnoj analizi biljnih makrofosila, a time i dodatne podatke o gospodarskim strategijama i okolišu zajednice koja je keramiku proizvela.The paper analyses plant macroremains on clay sherds containing organic inclusions from the Nadin – Gradina site in northern Dalmatia. Sherds of a large pottery vessel intended for storage have been found in a closed settlement context (SU 419), dated using radiocarbon method to the Early Iron Age, that is, to the period between the last quarter of the 9th century BC and the middle of the 8th century BC. Organic inclusions in pottery pastes have been used since the earliest times with the intention of influencing the properties of the final ceramic product. Such dried or fired pottery contains traces of the plant temper employed, in the form of imprints and plant remains. The identified plant remains consist mainly of remains of cereal threshing: grains, stems and leaves, glumes and remains of ears. The analysis of the imprints and remains of plant temper allowed us to identify large-grained cereals – barley (Hordeum sp.) and wheat (Triticum sp.) – and small-grained cereals: broomcorn/foxtail millet (Panicum/Setaria sp.). Among other finds, there are traces of olive (Olea europaea) and cornelian cherry (cf. Cornus mas), and of grasses (Poaceae). The imprints and plant inclusions in pottery often remain unnoticed, but they are a valuable complement to the classical analysis of plant macrofossils, and provide additional information on the economic strategies and environment of the community which produced the pottery
Paulje, mound XI (mound K): new absolute dates and provenience of the earliest amber finds in Serbia
No full textRad prikazuje tri nova apsolutna datuma centralnog groba humke XI (K) na nekropoli Paulje u donjem slivu reke Drine. Takođe, prikazuju se rezultati FTIR spektroskopije ćilibarskih nalaza iz četiri humke sa nekropole, uključujući i tumul XI (K). Uopšte uzev, nije bilo iznenađujućih rezultata, tj. centralni grob idealno se uklapa u predloženi hronološki okvir tzv. Brezjačke kulture (15/14. stoleće pre n.e.), dok su ćilibarski nalazi zasigurno baltičkog porekla. Ove dve činjenice ukazuju da bi se u donjem toku reke Drine ćilibarski nalazi mogli okarakterisati kao jedno od najranijih pojava tzv. baltičkog ćilibra na prostoru centralnog Balkana.
Rad je rezultat projekta Nacionalnog naučnog centra Poljske (NCN) pod brojem 2015/17/N/HS3/00052 i nazivom Circum-Adriatic branch of the amber route in the Bronze Age, i Istraživačkog centra Vazar koledža i Emili Ebi fonda za 2017. godinu pod nazivom Amber Trade in the Balkans and Apennine Peninsula in the Bronze Age.
Istraživanje je podržano od strane Fonda za nauku Republike Srbije, Poziv IDEJE No 7750074, Interactions-Transmission-Transformation: Longdistance connections in Copper and Bronze Age of the Central Balkans – The FLOW.This paper presents three new absolute dates for the central grave of mound XI (K) at the Paulje necropolis in the lower Drina valley. Also, we present the results of FTIR spectroscopy for the amber finds from the 4 mounds in the necropolis, including mound XI (K). In general the results confirm the earlier assumed chronology of the site - the 14C AMS dates fit the timeframe – the central grave fits ideally the previous timeframe for the Brezjak culture, i.e. the 15th and 14th century BC, and all of the amber samples are definitely of Baltic origin. These two facts clearly suggest that the amber finds from the lower Drina could mark one of the earliest appearances of Baltic amber in the Central Balkans.
This work was supported by the National Science Centre (NCN) of Poland under grant no. 2015/17/N/HS3/00052 Circum-Adriatic branch of the amber route in the Bronze Age, and by the Vassar College Research Committee with the 2017 Emily Abbey Fund for Amber Trade in the Balkans and Apennine Peninsula in the Bronze Age.
This research was supported by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia, Grant IDEJE No 7750074, Interactions-Transmission-Transformation: Long-distance connections in Copper and Bronze Age of the Central Balkans – The FLOW
On the medieval sword with inlaid marks from the River Vo glajna at Bežigrad (Celje)
No full textPrispevek predstavlja arheološko najdbo srednjeveškega meča iz obrežnih naplavin reke Voglajne pri Bežigradu, severovzhodno od Celja (Slovenija). Razmeroma dobro ohranjen meč dolžine 95,2 cm in mase 765 g je del izvorne zbirke celjskega Pokrajinskega muzeja, kamor je dospel že pred letom 1889. Orožje lahko na podlagi oblikovnih in metričnih značilnosti rezila z razmeroma širokim žlebom (tip X po E. Oakeshottu oziroma različica 5b po A. Geibigu) ter ročajnega dela z ravnim branikom in mandljastim/lečastim glavičem (kombinacijski tip 16 / var. I (16-15-9-12) po Geibigu) uvrstimo med starejše primerke mečev z glaviči tipa A po Oakeshottu in datiramo v 11. stoletje ali prvo polovico 12. stoletja. Na eni strani rezila so ostanki okoli 20 cm dolgega zaporedja tavširanih železnih znakov, ki zaradi korodiranosti površine žleba ostaja nerazvozlano. Skladnost posameznih delov orožja kaže, da gre verjetno za originalno konfiguracijo meča, domnevno izdelka ene od mečarskih delavnic v osrednjem Porenju. Najdišče meča v bližini Bežigrada, topografsko izpostavljene in strateško pomembne vzpetine v bližini vozlišča prometnih smeri med Štajersko in Kranjsko, opozarja na morebiten obstoj vojaške točke, ki je dopolnjevala nadzorne funkcije domnevanega zgodnjega oporišča grofov Savinjske marke na celjskem Zgornjem (Starem) gradu. Glede na kontekst odkritja sodi meč iz Voglajne v prevladujočo kategorijo vodnih najdb, vendar notranja evidenca orožja ne ponuja zadostnih opor za pojasnitev okoliščin potopitve.The paper presents the archaeological find of a medieval sword recovered from the riverbank deposits of the Voglajna near Bežigrad, northeast of Celje (Slovenia). The relatively well-preserved sword with a length of 95.2 cm and a mass of 765 g is part of the original collection of the Celje Regional Museum, to which it came before 1889. The shape and metric characteristics of the blade with a relatively wide fuller (Oakeshott’s Type X or Geibig’s Variant 5b) and the hilt with a short, straight crossguard and almond-shaped/lenticular pommel (Geibig’s combination Type 16 / Var. I (16-15-9-12)) show it to be an early example of swords with pommels of Oakeshott’s Type A, dating to the 11th or the first half of the 12th century. One side of the blade bears the remains of a 20 cm long sequence of inlaid iron marks, which remain indecipherable due to corrosion. The harmony of the parts seems to indicate a preserved original design, presumably produced by one of the sword workshops on the Middle Rhine. The findspot of the sword in the vicinity of Bežigrad, a topographically exposed and strategically important promontory near the intersection of the routes connecting Styria and Carniola, alerts to the possible existence of a military post that supplemented the control functions of the presumed early stronghold of the Margraves of the Savinja March on Zgornji (Stari) Grad in Celje. The find context of the sword places it in the predominant category of water finds, but the internal evidence (condition after conservation) of the weapon and the available data on the particular circumstances of the find do not provide sufficient support to explain the background of its sinking
Fouille archéologique de Kupinovik (île de Hvar, Croatie) en 2022
Get PDFNous avons décidé de reprendre l’étude du site de Kupinovik, dont l’huilerie antique est actuellement visible. Il s’agissait de réaliser un nettoyage du site afin de pouvoir effectuer un nouveau relevé et une étude du bâti. Nous avons également procédé à plusieurs sondages afin d’obtenir des éléments fiables de datation. Ce site est connu depuis les années 1920 et a fait l’objet d’une fouille à la fin des années 1970
Devotional objects discovered during the archaeological excavations of the church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gora
Get PDFTijekom zaštitnih arheoloških istraživanja crkve Uznesenja Blažene Djevice Marije u Gori istraženo je i dokumentirano ukupno 426 grobova iz više različitih horizonata ukopavanja, ali se na temelju nalaza, prije svega nabožnih predmeta pronađenih u njima, samo četiri groba mogu sa sigurnošću svrstati u najmlađi, postosmanlijski horizont ukopavanja, datiran u 18. stoljeće. U sva su četiri groba pokopani muškarci vrlo loše patološke slike, koja upućuje na kontinuirani i težak fizički rad te loše životne uvjete. Brojnošću i kvalitetom izrade nalaza posebno se ističe pokojnik iz groba 253 koji je, osim vrlo rijetkih nabožnih predmeta, sa stražnje strane vrata imao i kopču za ovratnik (engl. stock buckle), prvi takav objavljeni nalaz iz zatvorene grobne cjeline pronađen u Hrvatskoj. Osim predmeta pronađenih uz pokojnike, detaljno su, uz brojne analogije diljem Europe, obrađeni i oni pronađeni izvan zatvorenih grobnih cjelina. Ukupno je tijekom arheoloških istraživanja u Gori pronađeno pet religijskih medaljica, tri križa i osam zrna krunica, dok je u grobu 297 pronađen predmet koji svojim oblikom podsjeća na brevar.During the archaeological excavation of the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Gora, a total number of 426 graves of various burial horizons were researched and documented. However, only four graves can be dated to the latest, that is post-Ottoman, horizon of the 18th century with certainty, on the basis of the finds from the graves, primarily the devotional objects. All four of the graves had males with poor pathology buried in them, indicating continuous hard labour and poor living conditions. The number and quality of the finds from grave 253 especially stand out; aside from the very rare devotional objects, it also contained a stock buckle that was discovered on the back of the deceased individual’s neck, the first such published find from a closed grave unit in Croatia. Aside from the objects discovered alongside the deceased individuals, this paper also analyses those finds discovered outside closed grave units, listing many analogies across Europe. The archaeological excavation in Gora yielded five religious medals, three crosses and eight rosary beads altogether, while grave 297 yielded an object whose shape is reminiscent of a breverl
North Croatian Late Neolithic relative and absolute chronologies: current state of research
Get PDFRelative chronology of the Late Neolithic in the Sava-Drava-Danube interfluve region (northern Croatia) was introduced in the 1960s and following decades when diversification of pottery styles was more closely studied and named as separate cultures. The most substantial contribution to building a micro-regional relative chronology based on the typology of pottery finds was that of S. Dimitrijević, with later attempts by Z. Marković to re-define relative chronology and add to the still scarce typology of already established pottery stiles. However, splitting up relative chronology into three or four stages of the same “culture” prevailed and is still in use. Attempts to define the absolute chronology are still scarce. Although a fair number of radiocarbon dates have been published, especially in the last 20 years, the quality of samples, lack of sampling strategy, and problematic results received render most of them poorly usable. In addition, there have been no attempts to build a local chronology by combining Bayesian modelling of radiocarbon dates with full statistical seriation of finds from individual sites. This paper focuses on problems related to the past methodology, a new approach to building a more precise local chronology and discusses conclusions about the Late Neolithic microregional chronology of several recently published papers
On the activities and results of the first year of the project Transforming the Adriatic cosmos: insularity, connectivity, and glocal identities of pre-Roman Dalmatia (AdriaCos) (HRZZ UIP-2020-02-2419)
Get PDFPočetkom 2021. godine započeo je uspostavni istraživački projekt Transformiranje jadranskog kozmosa: otočnost, povezanost i glokalni identiteti pred-rimske Dalmacije (AdriaCos) (HRZZ UIP-2020-02-2419). Ovaj petogodišnji projekt financiran je od strane Hrvatske zaklade za znanost a provodi se pri Institutu za arheologiju u Zagrebu (voditeljica dr. sc. Marina Ugarković). U prvoj godini projekta održavale se su različite interdisciplinarne terenske, istraživačke i diseminacijske aktivnosti usmjerene na istraživačka pitanja vezana uz transformacije otoka Hvara i srednjeg Jadrana u 1. tisućljeću pr. Kr.The installation research project Transforming the Adriatic cosmos: insularity, connectivity, and glocal identities of pre-Roman Dalmatia (AdriaCos) (HRZZ UIP-2020-02-2419) began its implementation at the beginning of 2021. This five-year project is financed by the Croatian Science Foundation, and is carried out at the Institute of Archaeology in Zagreb (PI: dr. Marina Ugarković). In the first year of the project there were different interdisciplinary fieldwork, research, and dissemination activities focusing on scientific questions related to the transformations of the island of Hvar and central Adriatic in the 1st millennium BC
On the archaeological excavation of the site of Mukoše near Goriš in 2021
No full textTijekom travnja 2021. godine Institut za arheologiju i Muzej grada Šibenika nastavili su arheološka istraživanja lokaliteta Mukoše kraj Goriša. Riječ je o višeslojnom lokalitetu nastalom urušenjem gornjeg dijela nekog kamenom zidanog objekta impozantne veličine. Jedinstven tlocrt čini pravokutnik s po jednom apsidom na svakoj strani, osim na istočnoj na kojoj su se nalazile dvije apside. Kad je objekt već bio urušen i sličan gomili, u kasnom srednjem vijeku, u njegovom se kutu nalazila promatračnica. Za sada najviše možemo reći tek o završnoj fazi ovog lokaliteta, o vremenu kada je objekt pretvoren u gomilu bio odabran za mjesto pokopavanja. Radiokarbonske nalaze odabranih grobova ove pokope smještaju unutar 16. stoljeća, Upravo se u drugoj četvrtini 16. stoljeća, nakon što je šibensko zaleđe duže vrijeme bila ničija zemlja ispražnjena od stanovništva, na šire područje Goriša doseljava novo stanovništvo – Morlaci kršćani. Oni prvo počinju koristiti već neko vrijeme napuštene posjede, a potom za pokapanje odabiru najbližu lokaciju iz koje su virili čvrsti zidovi vjerujući da je riječ o crkvi, posvećenom tlu.In April 2021, the Institute of Archaeology and the Šibenik Town Museum continued the archaeological excavations at the Mukoše site near Goriš. This multi-layered site was created by the collapse of the upper part of a stone building of imposing size. The unique ground plan consists of a rectangle with one apse on each side, except for the eastern side, where there were two apses. When the building had already collapsed and was similar to a cairn, in the late Middle Ages, it had a watchtower on a corner. For now, most of what we can say concerns the final phase of the site, when the structure-turned-cairn was chosen for burials. The radiocarbon analyses of selected graves date these burials to the 16th century. In fact, in the second quarter of the 16th century, after the Šibenik hinterland had long been a deserted no-man's land, the wider area of Goriš was settled by a new population: Christian Morlachs. They first moved into properties that had been abandoned for some time, and then chose to conduct their burials at the nearest site with upright solid walls, believing it was a church, consecrated ground