Stephen F. Austin State University

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    The Unique Challenges and Best Practices for Rural School Principals: Attracting and Retaining Skilled Teachers in Small Communities

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    The study aimed to address rural school principals with unique challenges and responsibilities who have the critical task of attracting and retaining skilled teachers. These schools often face challenges in hiring and keeping quality teachers due to their remote locations, low salaries, and additional workloads. The research focused on identifying effective leadership practice strategies that can significantly impact teacher recruitment, hiring, and retention in such schools. Given the growing shortage of teachers across the state and country, there is an urgent need to find systemic solutions for rural school leaders. The study\u27s objective was to identify innovative practices in attracting and retaining high-quality teachers that have worked well in 1A and 2A Texas schools and provide practical suggestions for school administrators to support teachers in small rural schools. By identifying effective leadership strategies, this study could contribute to efforts to improve the education system in small rural schools and help close the achievement gap between rural and urban students. The study attempts to guide principals who face difficulties in attracting and retaining quality teachers in their schools. The research could also help develop policies that provide better support for teachers in rural schools, thereby improving the quality of education and students\u27 overall well-being in these areas

    Peer Perceptions of Parent-Students Seeking Higher Education

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    With a growing number of parents pursuing academia, it is imperative that researchers understand the social environment in which parent-students function. Stereotypes of parent-students may be held by peers, faculty, and other educational supervisors. Across two previous independent studies, evidence and rationale were provided to suggest that both positive and negative perceptions of parent-students exist, with noted differences between gender. The purpose of the current 2x2x2 between-subjects study was to analyze the social perceptions of students enrolled in higher education as varied by parenthood status, age, and gender. The social perceptions included measures accounting for perceptions of intelligence and academic success, personality, and level of parental involvement. Findings indicated a significant difference in perceptions of intelligence and academic success across age and parenthood status, such that parents were perceived as more friendly and hardworking in academia, and younger parent-students particularly were perceived to choose more difficult academic majors as compared to their same-age, childless counterparts. The findings of this study, both statistically significant and non-significant, contribute to the expansion of the limited knowledge base of perceptions of parent-students

    Influence of perlite/biosolid composition on growth and uptake of Cd and Mn by radish (Raphanus sativus L.) under greenhouse conditions

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    The effects of different perlite/biosolid compositions upon the uptake of Cd and Mn, and the growth of radish plants (Raphanus sativus L) was investigated by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-OES and ICP-MS). Mn and Cd were added in soluble forms to perlite/biosolid compositions. Notably, Mn concentrations in diferent plant parts were found to increase with increase in biosolid compositions, in the order [Mn]leaves\u3e [Mn]shoot \u3e [Mn]roots. This is plausible for Mn, in conformity with the essential role Mn plays during photosynthesis, in metabolic processes, and oxidation–reduction processes in cells. Results indicate that Mn concentrations in plant parts increased up to ~ 50% (wt/wt) perlite/biosolid application rates. In contrast the Cd uptake concentrations in plant parts decreased in the order [Cd]roots\u3e [Cd]shoots\u3e [Cd]leaf. Thus, toxic Cd tends to be sequestered in the roots vis-à-vis Mn that is translocated to the leaves. These results suggest that radish plants sequester Cd in the roots. Biosolids therefore play an important role in sequestering and binding of Cd. The observed concomitant increase in biomass yields implicates the rich contribution of N and P from biosolids. The results from the greenhouse experiments lead to the conclusion on the role played by the biosolids in cleanup and remediations for Cd and Mn, which increased in plant parts with composted wastewater sludge-compositions

    Partnering Educational Leadership and Preservice Teacher Candidates to Conduct Virtual Classroom Observations via a Practitioner-Based Mentor-Teacher Candidate Model

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    This research proposes a new model for Educational Leadership and Teacher Preparation Programs through a “Practitioner-Based Mentor-Teacher Candidate Model”, which is intended to be beneficial to both the aspiring school leader as the evaluator and mentor and the preservice teacher as the recipient of the feedback. With the shift to virtual and hybrid learning during the recent global health pandemic, methods to classroom observational-based supervision were challenged to adapt appropriately. Through a partnership of leadership and teacher preparation programs, the implementation of virtual classroom observations, including post-conferencing to encourage authentic and reflective feedback is proposed to provide evidence-based strategies for leadership candidates to fulfill their requirements for state licensure while advancing as instructional leaders and for preservice teachers to be better prepared for today’s classroom. This model is intended to help educator preparation programs provide innovative and sound support to leadership and teacher candidates as they navigate their preparation programs. A successful pairing of these student groups has the potential to create a powerful collaboration through a pedagogical approach in which the teacher candidates are engaged with future school leaders who they collaborate with as mentors

    Bridging the Cultural Gap

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    Multicultural education is about teaching people about each other without bias. Banks, C. (2016) states “Teachers need to understand their students’ community and home life (pg. 278).” As teachers it is our duty to ensure that every student that enters our classroom leaves with a sense of worth and knowing that each of them matter regardless of ethnicity, religion, gender or cultural

    Educator Experiences in the Reshaping of Schools During Challenging Times: The New normal or Is It?

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    The purpose of this photovoice study was to better understand how the recent COVID-19 global health pandemic has professionally and emotionally impacted current school leadership. Educators faced varied challenges during this unprecedented time with a rapid shift from in-class to online or hybrid learning and often back and forth between both. The findings identified three overarching themes as major challenges faced by school leaders and professional school counselors during this pandemic: problem solving, emotional brutality, and exhaustion. The findings inform education stakeholders and policymakers about the experiences of educators in times of crisis, specifically during the recent global health pandemic. Implications for the practice led to the need for educators to identify their own opportunities and challenges to further adapt to these new expectations amid a disruptive time that has become the “new norm.” Educators are charged with reshaping education by providing the necessary resources to ensure effective teaching and learning (academic factors) and physical and emotional well-being (non-academic factors). Adapting to this new norm requires sound leadership support systems to be in place. Further research is encouraged to engage in additional interviews and focus groups, including photovoice methodology to continue examining the experiences of educators currently charged with keeping both academic and non-academic factors initiatives accountable during challenging times

    Preparing Aspiring Leaders to Address Special Education Needs in an Embedded Principal Residency Program: A Content Analysis

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    This content analysis aims to investigate the effectiveness of a job-embedded principal residency program in addressing special education needs within schools. By analyzing various sources such as action plans, participant reflections, and student outcomes, this research seeks to provide insights into the impact of the program on improving special education practices, fostering inclusive environments, and enhancing overall student achievement. The findings of this study have the potential to inform principal preparation programs, school administrators, and educators about the benefits and challenges of implementing best practices to support support students with special education students

    Self-Care Rates Among Undergraduate Human Services Students

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    For students enrolled in undergraduate human services programs, self-care can be a strategy for managing the stress and strains of academic life. However, few studies investigate the self-care practices of students enrolled in these educational programs. This study looks at the rate human services undergraduate students engage in self-care practices and considers how exploring these self-care practices can contribute to the knowledge base of future students related to this topic. Findings reveal the types of self-care behaviors most often engaged in and at what rate students practiced these behaviors. More studies are needed to examine the self-care practices of students enrolled in undergraduate human services programs

    The Road Less Traveled: Why Black males Choose Alternative Routes that Lead to Education

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    This study uses critical race theory and qualitative interviews to understand the perspectives of 10 Black males that have entered the field of education through non-traditional routes. It seeks to highlight the rationale for not choosing education as a first option, what eventually led them into the field, and finally how educational leaders might better recruit. As the field continues to evolve with demographics still heavily favoring women, decision makers in school districts, universities, and alternative certification programs need to understand the best methods to recruit and retain Black males in education. The findings of this research will benefit these stakeholders and their constituents and inform practitioners, particularly after the Covid-19 pandemic and current teacher shortage

    Leading Causes of Death in Texas Counties in 2021

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    After being given data from the County Health Rankings for Texas in 2021, we wanted to determine the leading causes of death in Texas counties for the given year by utilizing the data and other variables found to estimate multiple linear regression models that would help form a conclusion. Statistical research and literature have shown that there are several leading causes of death in the United States: heart disease, cancer, COVID-19, and unintentional accidents being the top four. After comparing our data to current literature, we found that our results only somewhat aligned with one another

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