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Crystallized phenol treatment vs excision and primary closure in pilonidal sinus disease: A randomized clinical trial in adolescent patients
No full textIntroduction: Pilonidal sinus is a chronic inflammatory disease seen in the intergluteal sulcus. A wide variety of treatment modalities have been described for the management of this disease, however optimal therapy remains controversial. The study aims to compare phenol treatment, a minimally invasive method used in the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease, with the commonly practiced surgical methods of excision and primary closure in the adolescent age group. Patients and methods: Adolescent patients who presented with pilonidal sinus disease between January 2018 and December 2018 were randomized into 2 groups as phenol treatment and surgical treatment (after obtaining consent for the study). Early complications and recurrence rates after 24 months of follow-up were the two main endpoints of the study. Results: A total of 100 patients (phenol group n = 50, surgery group n = 50) were included in the study. Both groups were similar in terms of age, gender, and BMI. The mean duration of the procedure was 12.4 ± 2.84 min in the phenol group and 42.3 ± 7.22 min in the surgery group (p = 0.00). There was no difference in postoperative complications between the groups (p = 0.22). After 24 months of follow-up, recurrence was found in 8% (n = 4) of the cases in the phenol group and 10% (n = 5) of the cases in the surgery group (p = 0.5). Conclusion: In our study, phenol treatment and excision/primary closure methods for pilonidal sinus disease have similar complication and recurrence rates. However, phenol treatment seems to be the method of choice in the adolescent age group as it has the advantage of being a minimally invasive method and it does not affect subsequent surgical treatments. Level of evidence: Level II treatment study
A comparison of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia in terms of anterior mediastinal fat properties
No full textAim: The shape and physical properties of the anterior mediastinum can be easily affected by inflammatory lung diseases, tuberculosis, empyema, radiotherapy, chronic fibrotic lung diseases, previous surgery, and after steroid therapy. We planned to compare the properties of anterior mediastinal fat (AMF) in 3 different groups: patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), patients with chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia (cHP), and in the healthy control group. We investigate the AMF shape, dimensions, and AMF area properties on the images of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and to find any difference between IPF and cHP patients in terms of AMF. Material and Method: The study comprises a total of 80 cases in the three groups. The first group comprises 26 cases diagnosed as IPF. The second group comprises 19 cases diagnosed as cHP. The third group comprises 35 control patients. The clinical, demographical, and AMF characteristics on HRCT were retrospectively evaluated. The AMF shape and area characteristics were compared between the three groups. Results: There was no statistical difference between the mean ages of cases, BMIs, and smoking status in IPF, cHP, and control groups. Gender distribution was found statistically significant between the 3 groups (p=0.001). A statistically significant difference was observed between the IPF and cHP groups in terms of FVC levels (2.67±0.59, 2.14±0.80, respectively; p=0.024). Also, a statistically significant difference was observed between the IPF and cHP groups in terms of DLCO levels (57.42±17.21; 77.31±35.21; respectively; p=0.016). In the evaluation of AMF shape properties between two groups (cHP and IPF), the concave figure was significantly more frequent in cHP group (p=0.014). The AMF area analyses revealed that the IPF group’s areas were significantly greater than the cHP and control group’s. The AP dimension of AMF analyses revealed that only the cHP group’s dimensions were significantly smaller than the control group’s (p=0.037). In the analysis of the transverse dimension of AMF, the IPF group’s dimensions were significantly greater than the cHP and control group’s (p<0.0001 and p=0.007; respectively) and also the cHP group’s dimensions were significantly greater than the control group’s (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The transverse length, total AMF area, and shape characteristics of AMF can be evaluated as a radiological marker for differential diagnosis of IPF and cHP, whose differential diagnosis may be difficult. Both the transverse length and AMF area can take greater values in the IPF group than in the cHP group
Effects of Modified Osteoplastic Pterional Craniotomy on Temporal Muscle Volume and Frontal Muscle Nerve Function
No full textIntroduction ?Pterional craniotomy is a surgical approach frequently used in aneurysm and skull base surgery. Pterional craniotomy may lead to cosmetic and functional problems, such as eyebrow drop due to facial nerve frontal branch damage, temporal muscle atrophy, and temporomandibular joint pain. The aim was to compare the postoperative effects of our modified osteoplastic craniotomy with classical pterional craniotomy in terms of any change in volume of temporal muscle and in the degree of frontal muscle nerve damage. Materials and Methods ?Aneurysm cases were operated with either modified osteoplastic pterional craniotomy or free bone flap pterional craniotomy according to the surgeon's preference. Outcomes were compared in terms of temporal muscle volume and frontal muscle nerve function 6 months postoperatively. Results ?Preoperative temporal muscle volume in the modified osteoplastic pterional and free bone flap pterional craniotomy groups were not different (p > 0.05). However, significantly less atrophy was observed in the postoperative temporal muscle volume of the osteoplastic group compared with the classical craniotomy group (p 0.05). Conclusion ?Modified osteoplastic pterional craniotomy significantly reduced atrophy of temporal muscle and caused proportionally less frontal muscle nerve damage compared with pterional craniotomy, although this latter outcome was not significant. These findings suggest that osteoplastic craniotomy may be a more advantageous intervention in cosmetic and functional terms compared with classical pterional craniotomy
Bist’te İşlem Gören Şirketlerin Muhasebe Uygulayıcılarının Tfrs’nin Uygulanmasına Yönelik Değerlendirmeleri
No full textGloballeşme ve uluslararası yatırım kararları finansal bilgi kullanıcıları açısından finansal bilgilerin yorumlanması ve karşılaştırılabilmesi ihtiyacını gündeme getirmiştir. Söz konusu ihtiyacın karşılanması amacıyla Uluslararası Finansal Raporlama Standartları oluşturulmuş ve Türkiye de bu standartlara uyum çabası içerisine girmiştir. Bu çerçevede araştırmada muhasebe meslek mensuplarının standartlar hakkındaki görüşlerinin ve demografik faktörlerle görüşler arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesi amacıyla hisseleri Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören şirketlerde çalışan 269 muhasebe meslek mensubu ile anket araştırması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda muhasebe meslek mensuplarının standartlara yönelik görüşleri ile yaş, eğitim, pozisyon, mesleki yeterlilik ve standartlara geçiş nedeni arasında ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir
Nepotizmin Üretkenlik Karşıtı İş Davranışları Üzerindeki Etkisi
No full textBu çalışmanın amacı nepotizmin üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları üzerindeki etkisini keşfetmektir. Araştırma 2019 yılında Kahramanmaraş’ta faaliyet gösteren tekstil firmalarının çalışanları üzerinde yapılmıştır. Veriler anket yöntemi ile toplanmış ve 482 çalışan araştırmaya katılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programı ile analiz edilmiş ve sonuçlar bulgulara göre yorumlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, nepotizmin üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları üzerinde istatistiksel olarak zayıf düzeyde, pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. Örgütlerde meydana gelen nepotizm uygulamaları çalışanlar üzerinde olumsuz etki yaratmaktadır. Bu nedenle işletmelerin verimlilik ve performansı düşmekte ve üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışları artmaktadır. İşletme yöneticilerinin üretkenlik karşıtı iş davranışlarına neden olan faktörlerle mücadele etmesi ve bu alanda daha kapsamlı araştırmalar yapılmasına ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır
The relationship between oral cancer and cadmium: a review
No full textCadmium (Cd) has been classifed as a type I carcinogen. Since it is ingested orally through food and tobacco use, Cd is likely to be closely related to oral cancers. The relationship between cadmium and oral cancer was investigated using papers on Pubmed and Web of Science. Thus a total of 11 studies from these databases were included in the review. Cd concentrations were signifcantly higher in both the blood and hair of oral cancer patients than in controls. Additionally, it has been reported that Cd increases the activity of reactive oxygen species. Tobacco plants contain varying levels of Cd. The presence of high Cd concentrations in patients who use tobacco products and develop oral cancer is strong evidence that Cd is directly related to oral cancer. While planning a study to determine the Cd concentrations in biological samples, it is advisable to examine the methodologies of previous studies and to avoid technical defciencies. New cell line studies are required to explain the relationship between Cd and autophagy-apoptosis
Comparison of clinical characteristics of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron
No full textOBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of mutations by comparing wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron regarding clinical features in patients with COVID-19. It also aimed to assess whether SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold value could predict COVID-19 severity. METHODS: A total of 960 wild-type and 411 Omicron variant patients with positive results in SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test from oropharyngeal and/or nasopharyngeal samples during their hospital admissions were included in this retrospective study. The reference symptoms of the patients were obtained from the hospital database. The correlation between chest computed tomography findings and the "cycle threshold" of patients with wild-type SARS-CoV-2 was assessed. RESULTS: Cough, fever, shortness of breath, loss of taste and smell, and diarrhea were found to be statistically significantly higher (p=0.001; 0.001; 0.001; 0.001; and 0.006; respectively) in the wild-type cohort, while in the Omicron cohort, sore throat and headache were found to be statistically significantly higher (p=0.001 and 0.003, respectively). An inverse relationship was found between chest computed tomography findings and viral load. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that the Omicron variant tended to infect predominantly the upper respiratory tract and showed decreased lung infectivity, and the disease progressed with a milder clinical course. Therefore, the study showed that the tropism of the virus was changed and the viral phenotype was affected. It was also found that SARS-CoV-2 viral load did not predict COVID-19 severity in patients with wild-type SARS-CoV-2
Detection of Intestinal Parasites by Different Methods in Our Type 2 Diabetic Patients
No full textAim: Long term persistently high blood glucose levels result in various complications and conditions in diabetic patients. One of them is gastrointestinal disorders and the other is increased risk of infectious diseases like parasitosis. The aim of the study is to demonstrate of intestinal parasites with various techniques in diabetic patients and confirm of the frequency of the parasites. Methods: A total of 65 patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included in the study. Laboratory tests were done and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded. Fecal specimens were evaluated with direct microscopy, Kinyoun acid-fast staining method, trichrome staining method and antigen screening test. Results: Of the patients included in the study 31 were male and 34 were female. While 53.8% of the patients had no chronic complications of diabetes, 33.8% had multiple complications. Thirty (46.2%) patients had gastrointestinal complaints. Examination of stool samples revealed G. intestinalis in two patients (3.07%) , C. parvum in three patients (4.6%), and G. intestinalis + E. histolytica in six patients (9.2%) by RAT. No association was found between the existence of parasite determined by RAT and any of the patient characteristics of age, sex, duration of diabetes, and dyspeptic complaints (p-values are 0.27; 0.14; 0.90; 0.68, respectively). Conclusion: This is the first study to explore the prevalence rate of parasitosis detected by RAT in patients with diabetes. In this study, we also compared different parasite detection methods in this patient population and showed that RAT is a more sensitive method
Laryngopharyngeal lesion awareness of physicians performing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: Survey study
No full textIntroduction: Early diagnosis of cancers in the laryngeal and pharyngeal (LF) region is important for minimally invasive treatment and prolongation of survival. In the practice of otolaryngology diseases, hypopharyngeal cancers are mostly diagnosed in the late period. The aim of this study is to evaluate the approaches of gastroenterology and general surgery specialists to LF region lesions during upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods: Endoscopist physicians who agreed to participate in our study and performed UGI endoscopy were asked to fill out the online questionnaire and the results were evaluated. Survey results; It is based on demographic information, professional experience and characteristics of the procedure, endoscopy evaluation criteria, whether anatomical regions are evaluated and laryngeal and hypopharyngeal region lesions can be defined. Results: It was observed that 88% of the 100 participants who participated in the survey evaluated the LF region, and 71% encountered lesions in the hypopharynx, 62% with lesions obstructing the esophagus entrance, and 52% with laryngeal lesions. It was determined that 23.7% of the physicians who encountered hypopharyngeal lesions and 11.5% of the physicians who encountered laryngeal lesions took biopsies from the lesions in these regions. As the endoscopic experience increased, the identifiability of the lesions increased statistically significantly (p<0.05). The identifiability of the lesions was found to be statistically significantly lower in the group who thought that the education received during their residency was insufficient (p<0.05). Conclusion: With the routine evaluation of LF structures during endoscopy of the UGI, it is possible to diagnose lesions in this region at an early stage. In this age, where minimally invasive and organ-preserving endoscopic treatments are at the forefront, routine evaluation of LF regions should be included in the UGI endoscopy training required to increase the accuracy of diagnostic approaches. To increase the early diagnosis rate, endoscopists should be informed about the examination of anatomical regions in detail, and they should be encouraged to take biopsies in suspicious cases. In this period, the percentage of biopsy should be increased by performing simultaneous otolaryngology consultation
Metaverse ve Din Kavramlarının Sosyal Medya Madenciliği Yolu ile İncelenmesi
No full textİnternet teknolojilerinde yaşanan gelişmeler neticesinde insanların kendilerini ifade edebilecekleri, sosyalleşebilecekleri ve paylaşımlarda bulunacakları sosyal alanların sayısında artış yaşanmıştır. Bu alanlar dijitalleşme doğrultusunda sosyal medya platformları olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Sosyal medya platformlarında muazzam boyutta veri oluşmaktadır. Büyük ya da yığın veri olarak da adlandırılan bu veri sosyal bilimler alanlarının bir çoğunda merak oluşturmakta ve anlamlı sonuçlar çıkarmak üzere inceleme altına alınmaktadır. Sosyal medya madenciliği diye adlandırılan bu süreçte Twitter özellikle özgür ifade alanı olarak büyük yer edinmektedir. Mark Zuckerberg şirketini Meta ismini değiştirmesi ile dikkatler metaverse kavramına çekilmiştir. Bu anlamla toplumsal ve de ticari olarak metaverse'in etkilerinin araştırılması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Toplumu şekillendiren önemli bir faktör olan dini inanışların metaverse içerisindeki yansımasının araştırılması diğer bir gerekliliktir. Bu amaçla çalışmada metaverse ve din ile ilişkilendirilen ifadelere yönelik atılan tweetler sosyal medya madenciliği yöntemi ile çekilerek içerik analizi yapılmış ve yorumlanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak çalışmada R programlama kullanılmıştır