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Elevated serum midkine levels in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients
Get PDFBackground: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused important health, economic, social, and cultural problems worldwide. Recent findings demonstrate an excessive cytokine release during the disease development, especially in the seriously life-threatening form of COVID-19. Among other chemokines and cytokines that are released in high amounts at the infection site of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), midkine (MK), which is a potent pro-inflammatory growth factor/ cytokine, can be also overexpressed and contribute to the pathophysiological process in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Materials and method: Serum was collected from 87 intensive care unit (ICU) patients that are COVID-19 positive and 50 healthy volunteers in the control group with a negative PCR test and without disease symptoms. Circulating MK concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: COVID-19 patients had a significantly higher serum MK concentration compared to non-COVID-19 control subjects (1892.8 +/- 1615.8 pg/mL versus 680.7 +/- 907.6 pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.001). The cut-off MK concentration was 716.7 pg/ mL, with the sensitivity and specificity of 75.9 % and 76.0 %, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of MK was = 0.827. Our findings showed that circulating MK levels are significantly increased in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.
Conclusion: We suggest that MK is involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and may be a part of hypercytokinaemia. Therefore, MK may serve as a supporting biomarker in the diagnosis of COVID-19, and blocking MK actions or its targets may attenuate the inflammatory process and the severity of the disease
The impact of the Covıd-19 pandemic on audiology students in Turkey: e-learning, knowledge of teleaudiology, psychologıcal and socıal status and personal development
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to examine the different effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Audiology students in Turkey in terms of e-learning, tele-Audiology education, psychological-social situations and personal development. The study was carried out using an online survey created on Google Forms. The survey included 4 demographic questions, and 29 questions about the effects of COVID-19 on Audiology students. Study sample: A total of 518 undergraduate and graduate Audiology students participated in the study. The majority of the participants indicated that the pandemic had a negative effect on the practical knowledge and professional competence acquired through the online education system implemented due to the restrictions. A great majority of the participants indicated that their theoretical and practical knowledge about tele- audiology was “too insufficient”. During this period, the level of anxiety in students and damage to their social relationships were obtained as “too much”. In addition, a negative effect was observed in the personal development of the students. The study concluded that strategies and approaches should be developed for the current pandemic period and similar situations that may occur in the future
The role of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on inflammatory parameters n morbidly obese patients
Get PDFBackground: Obesity is an excessive increase in body fat mass and triggers chronic inflammation which causes increased fat accumulation in the visceral fat tissue. The aim of this study was to analyze serum zinc (Zn), Zn-alpha 2 glycoprotein (ZAG), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorni (PPAR-y) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-KB) levels in morbidly obese patients before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and determine the association between alteration in body mass index (BMI), the % Excess Weight Loss (% EWL) and the biochemical parameters.
Methods: Thirty healthy individuals as a control group and 30 morbidly obese patients who had undergone LSG were enrolled in this study. Routine anthropometric and laboratory biochemical parameters in venous blood samples of groups at baseline and 1 and 12 months after LSG were recorded.
Results: Significant weight loss was achieved at 1 and 12 months after LSG. At baseline serum ZAG and PPAR-gamma levels were lower, while NF-kappa B levels were higher in morbidly obese patients compared with the control group. Serum ZAG and PPAR-gamma levels increased white NF-kappa B levels decreased 1 month and 12 months after LSG. Decreased %EWL was negatively correlated with changes in NF-kappa B, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting plasma glucose and insulin at 12 months after LSG in morbidly obese patients. However, %EWL was positively correlated with changes in ZAG.
Conclusions: Obesity was associated with down-regulated serum ZAG and PPAR-gamma levels while up-regulated serum NF-kappa B. Our findings suggest that LSG ameliorates upregulating PPAR-gamma expression, thereby inhibiting NF-kappa B-mediated inflammation by weight loss. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved
Predicting the Overall Survival in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer by Calculating L3 Skeletal Muscle Index Derived from CT
No full textBackground: Pancreatic cancer is mostly diagnosed in advanced stages, and treatment results are not satisfactory. L3 skeletal muscle index (SMI) has emerged as a prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer patients. We aimed to assess the association between sarcopenia and overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer in this study. Methods: Patients who were admitted to the Department of Oncology between March 2012 and December 2019 and diagnosed with pancreatic cancer were evaluated. The computerized tomography images and laboratory parameters of a total of 115 patients were included in this retrospective single-center study. We defined sarcopenia as an SMI <43,56 cm(2)/m(2) for females and <56,44 cm(2)/m(2) for males using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve in the study population. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by using Cox-regression modelling, and survival curves were constructed by using Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 70% of the patients were male, and the mean age was 64.9 +/- 9.9 years (mean +/- SD). 70.6% of female patients and 67.9% of male patients were diagnosed with stage 4 cancer. The prevalence of sarcopenia in the whole patient group was 29.6%. By multivariate analysis, SMI (p=0.009) and advanced stage (p=0.003) were found as poor prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was statistically significantly higher in sarcopenic patients than in non-sarcopenic patients (p=0.031). Conclusion: Patients having sarcopenia at the time of diagnosis may demonstrate poorer overall survival of pancreatic cancer, and SMI may be considered as a potential prognostic factor
The role of S100A12 and Toll-like receptor 4 in assessment of disease activity in familial Mediterranean fever and juvenile idiopathic arthritis
No full textKapalı ErişimObjective Our aim was to investigate the possible relationship between the serum S100A12 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) levels, and the activity of familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in accordance with the routine biochemical parameters. Furthermore, the effectiveness of these 2 biomarkers in distinguishing FMF from JIA has been evaluated. Method Sixty-nine children with FMF, 68 children with JIA, and 35 healthy children were included in this study. S100A12 and TLR4 levels were measured by the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results In the FMF patient group, serum S100A12 level was found to be significantly higher than in both the JIA and control groups (P = .000 and P = .000, respectively). Although S100A12 levels were higher in the attack period compared to the attack-free period, this increase was not statistically significant (P > .05). TLR4 levels were statistically significantly higher in the attack period compared to the attack-free period in children with FMF (P < .05). Although there was no relationship between S100A12 levels and disease activity, there is a clear correlation between S100A12 and the Auto-Inflammatory Disease Activity Index in attack-free FMF patients (r = 0.612 P = .000). Conclusion Serum S100A12 levels were not found to be a potentially valuable biomarker for assessing disease activity in either FMF or JIA. However, TLR4 levels were found to be a valuable biomarker for assessing disease activity in children with FMF. Further research which includes serial monitoring of S100A12 and TLR4 levels in a large cohort will provide detailed information about accuracy of these 2 potential biomarkers in both patients group
Is Li-ESWT effective in diabetic patients with severe erectile dysfunction?
Get PDFNoninvaziv düşük yoğunluklu ekstrakorporeal şok dalgası tedavisi (Li-ESWT), ereksiyon bozukluklarının tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Tedavi için hasta seçimi ve tedavi protokolü konusunda net bir bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada şiddetli erektil disfonksiyonu olan (Uluslararası Erektil Fonksiyon İndeksi-5 [IIEF-5] skorları 5 ila 7) diyabetik hastalarda ekstrakorporeal şok dalgası tedavisinin etkinliğini araştırmayı amaçladık. Çalışmaya IIEF-5 skoru 5 ile 7 arasında olan ve son 6 aydır fosfodiesteraz tip 5 inhibitör tedavisine rağmen potenste düzelme göstermeyen, erektil disfonksiyonlu 63 diyabet hastası dahil edildi. Hastalar IIEF-5 skorlarına ve Ereksiyon Sertliği Ölçeği skorlarına göre değerlendirildi. IIEF-5 skoru (ortalama ± standart sapma [s.d.]), 0,27 ± 0,18'lik bir farkla (P > 0,05) 5,29 ± 1,67'den 5,56 ± 1,85'e yükseldi. Ereksiyon Sertliği Ölçeği puanları (ortalama ± s.d.) ise 0.02 ± 0 farkla 1.46 ± 0.50'den 1.48 ± 0.50'ye yükseldi (P > 0.05). Sonuç olarak, şiddetli erektil disfonksiyonu olan diyabet hastalarında (IIEF-5 skorları 5 ila 7), fosfodiesteraz tip 5 inhibitörlerine verilen yanıt, ekstrakorporeal şok dalgası tedavisinden sonra değişmedi.Noninvasive low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave treatment (Li-ESWT) has been widely used to treat erection disorders. There is no clear information regarding either the selection of patients for the treatment or the treatment protocol. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in diabetic patients with severe erectile dysfunction (International Index of Erectile Function-5 [IIEF-5] scores of 5 to 7). Sixty-three diabetes mellitus patients with erectile dysfunction having IIEF-5 scores of 5 to 7 and not showing a recovery of potency despite phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor therapy for the past 6 months were included in the study. The patients were evaluated based on their IIEF-5 scores and Erection Hardness Scale scores. The IIEF-5 score (mean ± standard deviation [s.d.]) increased from 5.29 ± 1.67 to 5.56 ± 1.85, with a difference of 0.27 ± 0.18 (P > 0.05). The Erection Hardness Scale scores (mean ± s.d.), on the other hand, increased from 1.46 ± 0.50 to 1.48 ± 0.50, with a difference of 0.02 ± 0 (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the response to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors did not change after extracorporeal shockwave treatment in diabetes mellitus patients with severe erectile dysfunction (IIEF-5 scores of 5 to 7)
The prolonged effect of Kinesio Taping on joint torque and muscle activity
No full textPurposeAlthough Kinesio Taping has been extensively used, evidence about the effect of Kinesio Taping is still insufficient. The aim is to determine the effect of Kinesio Taping on elbow joint torque and muscle activity in time and frequency domains.Materials and MethodsThirty-eight healthy subjects were (27 females and 11 males) randomly divided into control and Kinesio Taping groups. Kinesio Taping was applied over biceps brachii muscle in Kinesio Taping group, whereas no taping was applied to control group. Maximum elbow joint torque and electromyography activity in time and frequency domains were assessed during maximum isometric contraction of biceps brachii muscle at baseline, after 10 min, 30 min, and 24 h. Repeated measure ANOVA and mixed ANOVA tests were used for in-group and between-group comparisons, respectively.ResultsElbow joint torques among four assessment sessions were statistically altered in Kinesio Taping group and greater in Kinesio Taping group than in control group (F(3,57)= 3.317, p = 0.026, eta p2 = 0.149; F(3,108)=3.325, p = 0.022, eta p2 = 0.085; respectively). No difference was found in time domain muscle activity among assessment sessions in each group and comparison of groups (p > 0.05). Low-gamma band activity was changed among assessment sessions in Kinesio Taping group (F(3,57)= 6.946, p < 0.001, eta p2 = 0.268) while group x time interaction was not determined.ConclusionsKinesio Taping may influence joint torque of elbow more than without Kinesio Taping condition in 24th hour but the interpretation of this effect as a muscle strength enhancement compared with baseline can be arguable. Even if Kinesio Taping could not affect muscle activity in time domain, low-gamma band activity which is closely related to somatosensorial input may reach highest magnitude 24 h after Kinesio Taping
The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Sexuality: Experiences of Obese Men in Turkey
No full textSexuality is an important aspect of quality of life and also a critical part of a relationship. Because social and cultural factors may affect sexual life, it is believed that the effects of bariatric surgery on male sexuality in different cultures need to be evaluated. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore sexual experiences of Turkish obese men who underwent bariatric surgery. Semi-structured, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 12 men who underwent bariatric surgery at a training and research hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically. This sample of men described sexual dysfunction that lead to relationship problems before surgery. Physical health problems, difficulties at work such as stigma, and sexual problems were the factors that men decided to have bariatric surgery. Obese men stated that satisfaction in both sexual and emotional life improved after surgery. Along with the overall quality of life, improvements in the sexual life of obese men are one of the important effects of bariatric surgery that should be known
Importance of oxidative stress in the evaluation of acute pulmonary embolism severity
Get PDFBackground: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and potentially life-threatening disorder. Our study was aimed
to investigate whether oxidative stress markers can be used as clinical markers in the evaluation of acute PE (APE)
severity.
Methods: 47 patients with objectively documented diagnosis of APE were recorded. Of these patients, 14 had
low-risk PE, 16 had moderate-risk PE, and 17 had high-risk PE. 21 healthy subjects were also enrolled in this study.
Ischemia-modifed albumin (IMA), prooxidants-antioxidants balance (PAB), advanced protein oxidation products
(AOPPs), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured as oxidative stress parameters to evaluate the
role of oxidative stress.
Results: In the low-risk and moderate-risk APE groups, AOPPs and PAB levels were signifcantly higher and FRAP
levels were signifcantly lower than those in the control group. AOPPs and IMA levels in the patients with high-risk
PE were signifcantly higher than those in both the low-risk and moderate-risk APE patients. There was a signifcant
correlation between levels of AOPPs and the levels of both IMA (r: 0.462, p<0.001) and PAB (r:0.378, p<0.005). Serum
FRAP levels were negatively correlated with PAB (r:− 0.683, p<0.001) and AOPPs levels (r:− 0,384, p<0.001). There was
also a signifcant positive correlation between the serum IMA and PAB levels.
Conclusions: We clearly demonstrated that reactive oxygen species formation is signifcantly enhanced in APE. IMA
and AOPPs may be used as clinical markers in the evaluation of APE severity in clinical practice. However, further stud ies with larger patient populations and longer follow-up periods are required to confrm the mechanisms underlying
these fndings
Arteriovenoz Fistul Yarası Olan Bir Olguda Yara Bakımı
No full textDiyaliz gerektiren kronik böbrek yetmezliği olan hastaların bazılarında arteriovenöz fistül (AV) açılması
gerekebilmektedir. Bu hastaların AV fistülleri diyaliz sırasında kulanılmaktadır. Sık kullanıldığından bakım ve
tedavi iyi yapılmalıdır. AV fistülün ülser gelişmesi ve ülserlerin açık yara haline gelmesi hastalarda önemli
bir morbidite ve mortalite nedeni olabilmektedir. Temel yara bakımı prensipleri bu yaraların iyileşmesinde
vazgeçilmez bir unsurdur. Gelişmiş pansuman teknikleri ile birlikte Epidermal Growth Faktör (EGF) ile topikal
tedavi yara iyileşmesini teşvik etmede olumlu etkileri vardır. Bu çalışmada Arteriovenöz fistül (AV) yarası
bulunan bir hastada tedavide kullanılan Recombinant Epidermal Growth Faktör yapılan bir olgu sunulmuştur.Arteriovenous fistula (AV) may need to be opened in some of the chronic kidney patients who require dialysis.
AV fistulas of these patients are used during dialysis. Since it is used frequently, care and treatment should
be done well. Ulcer development of AV fistula and ulcers becoming open wounds can be an important cause
of morbidity and mortality in patients. Basic wound care principles are an indispensable element in the
healing of these wounds. Topical treatment with Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) combined with advanced
dressing techniques has positive effects in promoting wound healing. In this study, a case of Recombinant
Epidermal Growth Factor used in the treatment of a patient with an arteriovenous fistula (AV) wound is
presented