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A low-latency and area-efficient QCA-based quantum-dot design for next-generation digital sustainable systems
No full textDigital sustainable system plays a vital role in the advancement of dynamic industries, including agriculture, healthcare, smart cities, Edge Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT), by facilitating highspeed, low-power, and highly compressed processing. These systems are based on the capabilities of real-time execution, processing, and analysis of large-scale information with extreme power and area limitations. However, traditional Arithmetic Logic Units (ALUs) based on complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS) are becoming challenging in terms of scalability, power consumption, space demand, and nanoscale fabrication. The ALU is one of the most important parts of such systems and has a direct effect on the overall computing performance, but current implementations cannot sustain the requirements of next-generation applications. To overcome these shortcomings, this paper offers an area-efficient and low-latency ALU that can be designed with the quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology, with the advantage of employing area-efficient layout and simple cell design. The proposed QCA-based ALU has high performance, less delay, and less energy consumption, which makes it properly suitable for the next generation of digital sustainable systems applications. The outcome of the simulation indicates that there are considerable performance gains, such as an 82.37% decrease in energy consumption, and a 9.21% decrease in area relative to current available design. These enhancements emphasize the power of QCA technology as a scalable and low-energy consumption alternative to CMOS in the realization of critical computing components in sustainable digital systems
Developments in the field of respiratory nursing in Türkiye
Full text linkNursing plays a critical role in delivering healthcare services. It is a health discipline encompassing both science and art, designed to support people from birth to the end of life, in health and illness. Nurses are required to identify the physical and psychological needs of individuals, families and society with a comprehensive, human-oriented approach and to meet these needs. Nursing provides essential services at every stage of healthcare, from health protection and improvement to disease treatment and rehabilitation. In T & uuml;rkiye, nursing education is offered at high school, associate and undergraduate levels. Specialisation in a specific branch is possible through Master's and doctoral studies. However, there is no specialised branch or recognised certificate programme in respiratory nursing. Nurses specialising in respiratory diseases typically work in respiratory or intensive care units. Respiratory nurses play a crucial role in care and treatment management within the multidisciplinary team. This viewpoint provides information about the historical development of nursing, nursing education, and the status and development of respiratory nursing in T & uuml;rkiye, as well as the efforts by the International Coalition for Respiratory Nursing to recognise respiratory nursing as a specialty worldwide
Türk toplumundaki çocukluk çağı otizm spektrum bozukluğundaki kraniofasial morfoloji
Full text linkOtizm spektrum bozukluğu sosyal iletişimdeki farklılıklar ve zorluklar, özel ilgilerin ve tekrarlayan davranışların varlığıyla karakterize edilen nörogelişimsel bir durumdur. Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocukların yüz fenotipindeki farklılıkların tanımlanması, OSB 'li olan çocuklarda embriyolojik beyin gelişimindeki değişiklikleri yansıtabilir. Kraniofasial anomaliler sıklıkla nörogelişimsel sendromalarda ortaya çıkar çünkü craniafacial bölgeler intrauterinde beyinle aynı ektodermal tabakadan köken alır ve intrauterin süreçte gelişime devam eder. Bu facial ve mikro fiziksel anomalilerin (MFA) entelektüel fonksiyonlarla ilişkili olduğu çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmaya 6-10 yaşları arasında 50 erkek toplamda 66 OSB 'li çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Her çocukta baş çevresi ölçümü ve antropometrik noktalar (baş çevresi, lateral canthus uzaklığı, philtrum yüksekliği, burun ucu yüksekliği, mandibula yüksekliği (alt dudak çizgisinden gnathion noktasına kadar olan uzaklık), alın yüksekliği (Saç çizgisinden glabella noktasına çekilen hattın kestiği yerdir), angulus oris uzaklığı) belirlenmiş ve bu uzaklıklar ölçülmüştür. Ölçümler sonucunda otizm şiddetini belirlemede kızlar ve erkekler olarak her iki grupta da baş çevresi ölçüsünün otizm şiddetine etki ettiği gözlemlenmiştir. Alın yüksekliği kızlarda ortalama 45.71 ± 6.88 (p=0.176), erkeklerde ise ortalama 38.95 ± 5.75 (p=0.200), baş ölçüsü kız grubunda ortalama 52.13 ± 2.17 (p=0.166), erkek grubunda ise ortalama 53.60 ± 2.14 (p=0.187) şeklinde görülmüştür. Otizm şiddeti için baş çevresi ölçüsü önemli bir değerdir. Baş çevresinin artması ve alın yüksekliğinin azalması OSB'nin şiddettinin arttığını göstermektedir. Daha önce yapılmış çalışmalara ilave olarak OSB 'li Türkiye 'de yaşayan çocukların morfolojik ve morfometrik değerlendirmelerinin GOBDÖ2-TV ve TİGE-II skorlarının derecelendirmesi ve karşılaştırılması açısından önemlidir.Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by differences and difficulties in social communication, the presence of special interests and repetitive behaviors. The identification of differences in the facial phenotype of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may reflect alterations in embryologic brain development in children with ASD. Craniofacial anomalies often occur in neurodevelopmental syndromes because the craniofacial regions originate intrauterine from the same ectodermal layer as the brain and continue to develop intrauterine. Studies have shown that these facial and micro physical anomalies (MFA) are associated with intellectual functioning. In this study, a total of 66 children with ASD (50 boys and 50 girls) aged 6-10 years were included. Head circumference and anthropometric points (head circumference, lateral canthus distance, philtrum height, nasal tip height, mandibular height (the distance from the lower lip line to the gnathion point), forehead height (the distance from the hairline to the glabella point), angulus oris distance) were determined and these distances were measured in each child. As a result of the measurements, it was observed that the head circumference measurement affected the severity of autism in both groups, girls and boys. The mean forehead height was 45.71 ± 6.88 (p=0.176), for girls and 38.95 ± 5.75 (p=0.200), for boys, and the mean head circumference was 52.13 ± 2.17 (p=0.166), for girls and 53.60 ± 2.14 (p=0.187) for boys. Head circumference is an important value for autism severity. Increasing head circumference and decreasing forehead height indicate an increase in the severity of ASD. In addition to previous studies, morphologic and morphometric evaluations of children with ASD living in Turkey are important in terms of grading and comparison of GOBDÖ2-TV and TİGE-II scores
Awareness of Surgical and Medical Intensive Care Nurses' about Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome and Care Practices
Full text linkAlcohol withdrawal syndrome is a significant global health concern affecting individuals with alcohol use disorder, particularly in hospital settings like intensive care units. Early diagnosis and management are crucial but often complicated by symptom overlap with other conditions. This study aims to evaluate the awareness and knowledge of surgical and medical intensive care unit nurses regarding AWS, focusing on risk factor identification, diagnosis, and care practices. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from November 15 to December 01, 2021, involving 112 nurses from public and private hospitals. Data were collected via an online questionnaire developed from existing literature, which included demographic questions and a 20-item alcohol withdrawal syndrome awareness scale, where higher scores indicated better awareness. Statistical analysis utilized the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normality, Mann-Whitney Ufor two- group comparisons, and Kruskal-Wallis H for multiple-group comparisons. A multivariate generalized linear model assessed the influence of independent variables on alcohol withdrawal syndrome awareness. Nurses scored an average of 9.92 out of 20 on the alcohol withdrawal syndrome awareness scale, indicating moderate knowledge. Significant differences in awareness were noted based on professional experience, intensive care unit type, and prior training. Nurses with 5 or more years of experience and those with specific training in alcohol withdrawal syndrome care exhibited higher awareness levels (p < .05). The study reveals a gap in alcohol withdrawal syndrome awareness among intensive care unit nurses, particularly those with less experience and training. Enhanced educational programs and practical exposure are essential for improving early identification and management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in critical care settings
Evaluation of hopelessness, decision regret and desire for retransplantation in patients with graft loss after kidney transplantation
No full textAim: In this descriptive study, it was aimed to evaluate hopelessness, decision regret, and desire to be transplanted again in patients who developed graft loss after kidney transplantation. Material and Method: The study sample consisted of all patients who developed graft loss after kidney transplantation between January 2017 and February 2021 in a private hospital in XXX, who met the inclusion criteria and volunteered for the study. "Patient Information Form", 'Beck Hopelessness Scale' and 'Decision Regret Scale' were used as data collection tools in the study. Findings: It was determined that participants experienced a moderate level of hopelessness after graft rejection (13.370 +/- 4.379) while the average scores on the decision regret scale were generally high (66.435 +/- 18.213). Regarding the desire to be transplanted again, it was observed that the majority of the participants (52.2 %) did not want to be transplanted again. According to the results of the correlation analysis, there was a significant correlation between hopelessness and decision regret scores (p* 0.05). In addition, hopelessness (p = 0.034) scores of individuals who were not employed were significantly higher than those who were employed, and both hopelessness (p = 0.000) and decision regret (p = 0.048) scores of those without religious belief were significantly higher than those with religious belief. Conclusion: The findings of the study emphasize the critical importance of monitoring and psychological support processes before and after kidney transplantation. Understanding the emotional processes individuals experience after kidney transplant graft loss is important for the development of psychological support and intervention strategies
Yetişkinlerde HbA1C ve lipit değerlerinin uyku, yaşam kalitesi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
Full text linkBu araştırma, yetişkin bireylerde HbA1c ve lipit değerleri ile uyku kalitesi, yaşam kalitesi ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma, HbA1c testi ve lipit değerleri ölçülmüş bireylerin, Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi (WHOQOL-BREF), Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi (PUKI) ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (IPAQ) sonuçlarıyla elde edilen verilerin kesitsel olarak değerlendirildiği nicel bir araştırmadır. Araştırma, İstanbul Atlas Üniversitesi Medicine Hospital'a başvuran dahiliye ve Check-Up bölümü hastalarından oluşan bir örneklem üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi, SPSS 27.0 istatistik programı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, HDL kolesterol ile yaşam kalitesi arasında negatif yönde ve anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (r = -0.169, p = 0.020). Ancak, HbA1c, total kolesterol, trigliserid ve LDL ile fiziksel aktivite ve uyku kalitesi arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır (p > 0.05). Ayrıca, HbA1c ve lipit değerleri ile fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve uyku kalitesi arasında da anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmamıştır (p > 0.05). Bu sonuçlar, diyabet yönetiminde yaşam tarzı faktörlerinin önemini vurgulamakta ve bireylerin yaşam kalitesini artırmaya yönelik stratejilerin geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, bireylerin uyku kalitelerini ve fiziksel aktivitelerini artırmayı hedefleyen müdahalelerin, genel sağlık durumlarını iyileştirebileceğini göstermiştir. Anahtar kelimeler: HbA1c, Lipit Değeri, Yaşam Kalitesi, Fiziksel Aktivite, Uyku.This study was conducted to examine the relationships between HbA1c and lipid values and sleep quality, quality of life and physical activity levels in adult individuals. The study is a quantitative study in which the data obtained from the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PUKI) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) results of individuals whose HbA1c test and lipid values were measured were evaluated cross-sectionally. The study was applied to a sample consisting of internal medicine and Check-Up patients who applied to Istanbul Atlas University Medicine Hospital. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 27.0 statistical program. According to the results of the study, a negative and significant correlation was found between HDL cholesterol and quality of life (r = -0.169, p = 0.020). However, no significant relationship was found between HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL with physical activity and sleep quality (p > 0.05). In addition, no significant correlation was found between HbA1c and lipid values and physical activity level and sleep quality (p > 0.05). These results emphasize the importance of lifestyle factors affecting diabetes management and highlight the need to develop strategies to improve the quality of life of individuals. The study suggests that interventions aimed at improving sleep quality and increasing physical activity in individuals can enhance their overall health status. Keywords: HbA1c, Lipit Value, Life Quality, Physical Activity, Sleep
Effects of exercise on response inhibition performance in adolescent males with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A fNIRS Study
No full textThis study aimed to examine the impact of exercise on Go/No-Go task behavioral performance, variations in average oxyhemoglobin concentration in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and capillary lactate levels in adolescent males with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) compared to their healthy peers. This study also aimed to examine the relationships between exercise-induced changes in capillary lactate levels, Go/ No-Go task performance, and average oxyhemoglobin concentration in the DLPFC. The study included 20 male adolescents diagnosed with ADHD as the case group and 20 healthy male adolescents as the control group. In the pre-exercise assessment, the case group showed significantly lower oxyhemoglobin concentration in the DLPFC and fewer correct responses on the Go/No-Go task. However, the difference in oxyhemoglobin concentration during the 'Go' blocks remained significant after exercise, whereas the difference in the 'No-Go' blocks lost significance post-exercise. No significant difference in capillary lactate levels was observed between the groups, either pre- or post-exercise. No direct relationship was observed between changes in capillary lactate levels from pre- to post-exercise and changes in behavioral performance or brain activation. Consistent with the literature, we observed positive changes in certain behavioral performance data following exercise. Further studies are needed with larger sample sizes, including both genders and a wider age range of children and adolescents
The Role of Muscle Architecture as a Determinant of Functional Performance in Women With Knee Osteoarthritis
No full textBackground and Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is associated with early muscular alterations and muscle weakness, which contribute to disease progression. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the potential exacerbation of lower extremity muscle architecture and its impact on functional performance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between knee extensor and ankle plantar flexor muscle architecture, femoral cartilage thickness, age, body mass index (BMI), pain severity, and functional performance in middle-aged women with KOA. Methods: A total of 87 patients diagnosed with KOA (mean age = 51.48 +/- 4.89 years, mean BMI = 27.96 +/- 4.66 kg/m(2)) were included in the study. Ultrasonography was used to assess muscle thickness, adipose tissue thickness, pennation angle, and the muscle/adipose tissue thickness ratio (MATR) of the Rectus Femoris (RF), Vastus Medialis (VM), Vastus Lateralis (VL), and Medial Gastrocnemius (MG) muscles. Physical performance was evaluated through the stair-climbing test and the 10-time sit to stand test. Pearson's correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis were used. Results: The pennation angle of the VL and pain level predicted sit to stand test results; the pennation angle of RF, age, BMI and pain level predicted stair-climbing test results (p < 0.001). Femoral cartilage thickness at the medial condyle, intercondylar area, and lateral condyle correlated with performance in both tests (p < 0.001). Additionally, age, BMI, pain intensity, muscle thickness, pennation angle and MATR of RF, VL, and VM correlated with both functional tests (p < 0.05). Discussion: Muscle architecture alterations correlated with functional test results in patients with KOA. Understanding the influence of muscle architecture on functional parameters can facilitate the development of effective rehabilitation strategies to preserve and optimize patient function before it becomes compromised
Ergoterapi Öğrencilerinin İş Bulma Kaygılarının Aktivite-Rol Dengesi ile İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin iş hayatına geçiş sürecinde hissettikleri iş bulma kaygısı ile algıladıkları aktivite-rol dengesi arasındaki
ilişkiyi incelemekti.
Gereç ve yöntem: İstanbul’daki üniversitelerin ergoterapi bölümlerinde son sınıf öğrencisi olan 78 katılımcının yer aldığı araştırma, kesitsel bir yöntemle
gerçekleştirildi. Katılımcıların demografik bilgileri alındı, İş Bulma Kaygısı Ölçeği ve Aktivite-Rol Dengesi Anketi kullanılarak araştırma verileri elde edildi ve
analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Bulgular, öğrencilerin orta düzeyde iş bulma kaygısına ve aktivite-rol dengesine sahip olduklarını gösterdi. Ayrıca, daha önce iş deneyimi olan
öğrencilerin kaygı düzeyleri ve aktivite-rol dengeleri, iş deneyimi olmayanlara göre daha yüksek bulundu. İş arama süresi ile iş bulma kaygısı ve aktivite-rol
dengesi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki tespit edildi (p=0,020; r=0,262).
Sonuç: Sonuçlar, ergoterapi öğrencilerinin iş bulma kaygılarını azaltmak ve aktivite-rol dengelerini iyileştirmek için kariyer danışmanlığı ve destek
hizmetlerine ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermektedir. Ergoterapi öğrencilerinin iş hayatlarında daha verimli çalışabilmeleri adına bu desteklerin önemli olduğu
düşünülmektedir.Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between university students’ anxiety about finding a job and their perceived activity-role balance during the transition to working life.
Materials and Methods: The study, which included 78 participants who were senior students in occupational therapy departments of universities in Istanbul, was conducted using a cross-sectional method. Demographic information was collected from the participants, and research data was collected and
analysed using the Job Finding Anxiety Scale and the Activity-Role Balance Questionnaire.
Results: The results show that the students have moderate levels of job search anxiety and activity-role balance. In addition, it was found that the levels
of anxiety and activity-role balance of students with previous work experience were higher than those of students without work experience. A statistically
significant relationship was found between the duration of the job search and job anxiety and activity-role balance (p=0,020; r=0,262).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that career counselling and support services are needed to reduce occupational therapy students’ job anxiety and improve their activity-role balance. It is suggested that this support is important for occupational therapy students to be more effective in their professional
lives
New 2-indolinone-indole hybrid compounds carrying a benzoyl moiety as tyrosine kinase inhibitors
No full textIn this study, new 2-indolinone-indole hybrid compounds (4a-s) carrying a benzoyl moiety were synthesized and their cytotoxic effects were examined against pancreatic (MIA-PaCa-2) and colon (HT-29 and HCT-116) cancer cells by MTT assays. Most of the tested compounds exhibited a better inhibitory activity and safety profile than the reference standard sunitinib malate against MIA-PaCa-2 and HCT-116 cancer cells. Compound 4e displayed the greatest cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell with an IC50 value of 0.16 mu M and a remarkable selectivity profile (SI > 625). Compound 4g exhibited a selective activity against HCT-116 cancer cell (IC50 = 0.34 mu M), with no activity against the other cells at the highest concentrations tested. Compound 4b demonstrated a potent inhibitory activity against MIA-PaCa-2 cell (IC50 = 0.54 mu M). General tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) activities and apoptotic effects were examined for compounds 4b, 4e and 4g. The tested compounds were observed to significantly reduce general TK activities in HCT-116 cell and induce apoptosis in HCT-116 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells. Lead compound 4e, the most effective general TKI, was determined to have a specific SRC kinase inhibitor effect in HCT-116 cell and the molecular modelling studies were performed to understand the potential binding mode at the ATP-binding domain of SRC kinase