USU-IR Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara
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The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Eggshells and Polyhalite Fertilizer on the Growth and Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)
No full textWULAN F. A. DAMANIK. The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Eggshells and Polyhalite Fertilizer on the Growth and Production of Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) (Under the supervision of LISA MAWARNI as the Supervisory Committee).
This study aims to evaluate the effect of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) from eggshells and polyhalite fertilizer on the growth and production of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) of the Panglima variety. The study was conducted on Jl. Mahoni Perumnas Bagelen, Padang Hilir District, Tebing Tinggi City from March to August 2025. The study used a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors: LOF dosage (0 and 180 ml/L) and polyhalite dosage (0; 86,07; 172,14; 258,14 kg/ha). The results showed that there was no significant effect of LOF, polyhalite, or their interaction on the parameters of plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, fresh root weight, fresh canopy weight, cob length, cob diameter, number of rows of kernels per cob, cob weight per plant, and cob weight per plot.76 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
IoT-Based Calorimeter Innovation for Deconstructing the Calorific Value of Oil Fuels Produced From Plastic Waste Pyrolysis
No full textThis study aims to design and develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based calorimeter
system to measure the calorific value of pyrolysis oil fuel derived from plastic waste,
specifically high-density polyethylene (HDPE). This research was conducted to
overcome the limitations of conventional calorimeters by integrating digital sensors
and automation systems to improve measurement accuracy and efficiency. The system
was designed using a PT100 RTD temperature sensor with a MAX31865 module, an
INA219 current-voltage sensor, an ESP32 microcontroller, a relay, and an I²C LCD
for data display. Data acquisition and transmission were carried out through the Blynk
IoT platform, which enabled real-time monitoring and automatic storage to Google
Drive. This research was conducted at the LIDA Physics Laboratory of the University
of North Sumatra for five months. The device was calibrated using standard kerosene
fuel with an average temperature increase of 0.65°C to obtain the system's heat
capacity (Ckal) value. Validation tests were conducted using oil from HDPE plastic
pyrolysis. The test results showed average heat values of 7,766 cal/g, 7,435 cal/g, and
8,262 cal/g, with an overall average of 7,821 cal/g and an RSD value of 4.7%,
indicating good precision. The deviation from the reference value (10,936.73 cal/g)
was 28.5%, caused by heat loss and combustion variations. Overall, this IoT-based
calorimeter successfully demonstrated consistent, efficient, and accurate
measurements, making it suitable for analyzing the energy potential of alternative
fuels produced from plastic waste pyrolysis.88 pagesSkripsi Sarjan
Comparison of Accuracy Levels of Interleukin-6 and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio and A2DS2 Score as Predictors of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia In Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
No full textBackground: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a common and feared complication after acute stroke. Stroke-associated pneumonia most often occurs in the first week. Reportedly, 15-25% of stroke patients die from stroke-associated pneumonia, a common complication of acute ischemic stroke. Stroke causes immunosuppression, increasing the risk of infection. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) are inflammatory markers associated with a poor prognosis. The A2DS2 score is often used to predict post-stroke pneumonia due to its simplicity and accuracy.
Objective: To compare the accuracy of IL-6 levels, NLR, and the A2DS2 score as predictors of SAP in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Methods: This observational analytical study with a prospective cohort design was conducted at Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, from June to November 2025. Subjects were acute ischemic stroke patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through examination of IL-6 levels, NLR, and A2DS2 scores on the first day of admission and assessing the incidence of SAP. Univariate analysis was performed to describe the data. The predictive accuracy of IL-6, NLR, and A2DS2 against SAP was assessed using the ROC curve. Bivariate analysis used the chi-square and Fisher exact tests. Multivariate analysis used the logistic regression test.
Results: A total of 50 subjects were included in this study with a mean age of 61.36 ± 10.84 years. IL-6 levels had a sensitivity of 86,7%, specificity of 85,7%, and an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 86,3%. NLR had a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 80%, and an AUC of 85,5%. A2DS2 scores had a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 91,4%, and an AUC of 87,1%. Based on multivariate analysis, IL-6 levels and A2DS2 scores were significant predictors of SAP in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Conclusion: IL-6 levels and A2DS2 scores were significant predictors of SAP in acute ischemic stroke patients.138 PagesTesis Magiste
The Role Of The Community, Village, Women, And Child Empowerment And Protection Office (DPMDP & PA) In Providing Protection For Child Victims Of Sexual Violence In Toba Regency
No full textChildren constitute a vulnerable group that is entitled to protection from all forms of violence, including sexual violence, and the increasing number of cases in Toba Regency indicates that legal and social protection has not been optimally implemented, thereby emphasizing the importance of the role of the Office of Community and Village Empowerment, Women, and Child Protection (DPMDP and PA). The issues examined in this thesis, entitled The Role of the Office of Community and Village Empowerment, Women, and Child Protection (DPMDP and PA) in Providing Protection for Child Victims of Sexual Violence in Toba Regency, include: the regulation of criminal acts of sexual violence against children under Indonesian criminal law, the implementation of the role of DPMDP and PA of Toba Regency in providing protection for child victims of sexual violence, as well as the obstacles encountered and efforts undertaken in the implementation of such protection. This research employs a normative juridical method supported by empirical data, is descriptive-analytical in nature, and applies qualitative analysis techniques to primary and secondary data. The results of the study indicate that the legal regulation of sexual violence against children has developed comprehensively through the 2023 Criminal Code, the Child Protection Law, the Pornography Law, and the Law on Sexual Violence Crimes, while at the regional level the DPMDP and PA of Toba Regency has carried out prevention, handling, and rehabilitation efforts; however, these efforts still face obstacles in the form of limited human resources, budget constraints, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, low public awareness, and weak inter-agency coordination, thus requiring strengthened commitment from the local government and the development of a more integrated and sustainable child protection system.118 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Manufacturing Of Activated Carbon From Cassava Peels (Manihot Utilissima) For Reduction Of Iron (Fe) Metal Levels In Drilled Well Water
No full textBorehole water in some areas often contains iron metal (Fe) that exceeds the threshold set by Permenkes No. 2 Year 2023, which is 0.2 mg/L. Excess iron content can reduce water quality and cause health problems. This study aims to reduce Fe metal levels using activated carbon from cassava peel (Manihot esculenta) and determine the characteristics of activated carbon crystallinity through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) tests. Cassava peels were dehydrated through drying and oven, carbonized at 400°C and chemically activated using 30% NaOH solution. The adsorption process was carried out for 90 minutes with adsorbent mass variations of 1; 2; and 3 g in 100 mL of solution. The initial Fe level was 8.78 mg/L. After adsorption, the Fe concentration decreased to 6.99 mg/L (20.39% efficiency) at 1 g; 5.5 mg/L (37.36%) at 2 g; and 7.51 mg/L (14.36%) at 3 g. The XRD test results showed the amorphous structure of the adsorbent. XRD test results showed an amorphous structure with a dominant peak of carbon 2θ = 23.94˚ in the [002] plane and a weak peak 2θ = 44.6˚ in the [100] plane. Activated carbon from cassava peel has the potential as an alternative adsorbent, but Fe levels have not met the drinking water quality standards set.79 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Horticultural Cold Storage Design and Construction Using a 1 PK Split AC
No full textCold storage is a low-temperature storage system that is widely used to maintain product quality by inhibiting the rate of quality decline. In the field of Mechanical Engineering, the study of refrigeration system performance is important to assess the efficiency and cooling capability of a system. This study aims to design and build a small-scale cold storage with room dimensions of 1.8m × 1.8m × 1.8m using a 1 PK split AC as a cooling unit. The research method includes calculating the cooling load, measuring the temperature distribution of the cold storage room, and analyzing the coefficient of performance (COP). Data were obtained through manufacturing planning. The results showed that the 1 PK split AC was able to maintain the cold storage temperature in the cooling temperature range of 5℃, but the system efficiency decreased with increasing cooling load and operating time. The COP value of 3.28 obtained indicated that the system is still suitable for use in small-scale cold storage applications with a maximum capacity of 92.54 kg. This research is expected to contribute to the development and optimization of a simple refrigeration system based on a split AC as an alternative cooling solution in small-scale cold storage.81 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Criminal Law Enforcement Concerning The Noise Level Threshold of Motorcycle Exhausts Within the Jurisdiction of Medan City Police (Polrestabes Medan) (A Study of Law Number 22 Of 2009 and Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.56/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/10/2019)
No full textThis study was motivated by the widespread use of modified exhaust components, including noisy exhausts, which cause annoyance to some members of the community and violate the principles of ethical driving. The noise generated by exhausts that exceed the maximum threshold demonstrates the indifference of users of noisy exhausts to the orderliness of the community and surrounding drivers. The issuance of Law Number 22 of 2009 and Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.56/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/10/2019 serves as the basic legal reference regarding the use of exhaust components on motorcycles. The following are some of the issues that will be discussed in this study: 1) How is the use of noisy exhaust pipes regulated under positive law in Indonesia? 2) What concrete steps the Medan City Police (Polrestabes) take in dealing with riders who use noisy exhausts based on Law Number 22 of 2009 and Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.56/Menlhk/Setjen/Kum.1/10/2019; and 3) What are the obstacles faced by the Medan City Police Traffic Unit in disciplining users of two-wheeled vehicles with noisy exhaust pipes? This study uses a descriptive empirical juridical method with a legislative and case approach. This study uses primary data obtained from the Medan City Police Traffic Unit (Satlantas) of the Medan Police Headquarters and secondary data derived from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The data analysis method used in this study is qualitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that although basic regulations regarding noise limits for motorcycles and prohibitions on excessive noise already exist, the absence of regulations providing guidance on the enforcement of traffic violations related to noisy exhaust pipes causes problems for both the Traffic Police and motorcycle riders.104 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of The Effect of The Planned Implementation of A Single Salary System And Self-Efficacy on Employee Performance Through Job Satisfaction at The Central Bureau of Statistics of Langkat Regency
No full textEmployee performance is a fundamental element in supporting the quality of statistical services at the Central Bureau of Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistik/BPS). Employees' perceptions of the planned implementation of a single salary system as part of remuneration reform, as well as their level of self-efficacy, are expected to play a role in shaping job satisfaction and improving employee performance. This study aims to analyze the effect of the planned implementation of a single salary system and self- efficacy on employee performance, with job satisfaction as an intervening variable, at the Central Bureau of Statistics of Langkat Regency. This study employed a quantitative approach involving all Civil Servants (Aparatur Sipil Negara/ASN) of BPS Langkat Regency, totaling 39 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that the planned implementation of a single salary system and self-efficacy have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and employee performance. In addition, job satisfaction also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. However, job satisfaction is not proven to mediate the effect of the planned implementation of a single salary system on employee performance, whereas job satisfaction is proven to significantly mediate the effect of self-efficacy on employee performance. These findings imply that improving the performance of BPS employees needs to be supported by a fair and transparent income system, as well as by strengthening employee self-efficacy as an internal factor that plays a role in enhancing job satisfaction and sustainable performance208 PageTesis Magiste
Comparison of the Effects of Chicken and Sheep Manureon the Growth of Three Commodities: Rice, Soybeans, and Pakcoy
No full textThis study aims to analyze the effect of various types of manure on the
growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybeans (Glycine max L.) and pakcoy
(Brassica rapa L.), as well as to provide practical recommendations for the use of
manure in supporting sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. This
research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of North
Sumatra from july 2024 to December 2024. The study employed a Non-Factorial
Randomized Block Design with treatments including chicken manure 20 tons/ha,
sheep manure 20 tons/ha, chicken manure 20 tons/ha + sheep manure 20 tons/ha,
chicken manure 15 tons/ha + sheep manure 15 tons/ha, and chicken manure 10
tons/ha + sheep manure 10 tons/ha. The results showed that the response of rice
plants to chicken manure and sheep manure had a significant effect on plant height,
number of leaves, number of tillers, biomass weight, and fresh weight of the canopy,
but had no significant effect on fresh root weight. The best treatment for rice plants
was obtained with a combination of 20 tons/ha of chicken manure and 20 tons/ha
of sheep manure. A different response was obtained for soybean plants, where the
application of chicken manure and sheep manure had a significant effect on plant
height and number of soybean leaves at 3-5 weeks after sowing. The combination
treatment of 20 tons/ha of chicken manure and 20 tons/ha of sheep manure showed
the highest yield, but did not have a significant effect on biomass weight, fresh
weight of the canopy, and fresh weight of the roots. The response of pakcoy plants
to the application of various doses of chicken manure and sheep manure did not
have a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, biomass weight, fresh
shoot weight, or fresh root weight of pakcoy plants.104 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Effect of Mangosteen Peel Extract (Garcinia Mangostana L) on Inflammatory Markers, Erythropoietin, and Renal Histopathological Picture Wistar Rats Chronic Kidney Disease Model
No full textChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health problem whose prevalence continues to increase, with a global prevalence of 10%. Most CKD patients exhibit a chronic inflammatory state with elevated levels of inflammatory markers, such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as increased prevalence associated with decreased kidney function. Serum hepsidin was significantly higher in haemodialysis (HD) patients compared to controls. In HD patients, inflammation has been associated with Erythropoietin (EPO) resistance mainly due to inflammatory conditions. Plasma markers of oxidative stress were elevated in CKD patients, indicating an increase in systemic oxidative stress through Malondialdehyde (MDA) examination. The peel of mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana L) has been used to treat various diseases such as skin diseases, bacterial infections, and inflammation, as well as to reduce IL-6 levels and lower MDA. This study aims to analyze the effect of giving mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana L) on inflammatory markers (levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Hepcidin, MDA) and Erythropoietin, as well as the histopathological picture of kidney disease in Wistar rats modeled chronic kidney disease.
Methods: Male rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged 12 weeks were divided into 6 groups: normal, negative control (Adenine 600 mg/kgBB 10 days p.o), positive control (Adenine 600 mg/kgBB 10 days p.o + vit. C 45 mg/kgBB 1 time a day, 28 days.p.o), P1 treatment group (Mangosteen Peel Extract (MPE) 200 mg/kgBB, 28 days, p.o), P2 (MPE 400 mg/kgBB, 28 days, p.o), and P3 (MPE 600 mg/kgBB, 28 days, p.o). The design used is the Posttest Only Control Group Design
Results: There was no effect of mangosteen peel extract on IL-6, Hepcidin, EPO, and MDA levels, as well as inflammatory scores from the histopathology of the kidneys of Wistar rats (p > 0.05). There was a significant influence on the progression of kidney function, in the form of a decrease in Urea levels between Negative Control and the P1 and P2 Groups (39.6±2.93 vs 29 ± 1.14 vs 28.2 ± 1.07, p=0.012, respectively) and Creatinine levels between Negative Control and P1, P2 and P3 Groups (0.83 ± 0.14 vs 0.46 ±0.4, vs 0.45 ± 0.05, vs 0.5 ± 0.09, p=0.047, respectively).
Conclusion: No effect of mangosteen peel extract on inflammatory markers, erythropoietin, and renal histopathology of Wistar rats, Chronic Kidney Disease model127pagesDisertasi Dokto