USU-IR Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara
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The Effect of Ethanol Extract From Moringa oleifera Leaves on Kidney Histology of The Breast Cancer Model Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.)
No full textMoringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) have potential as a medicine to maintain renal safety activities which act as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. This study seeks to assess the impact of ethanol extract from moringa leaves on the morphology and histology of the kidneys in rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) with breast cancer models generated by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene (DMBA). This study comprised of six treatments and four replications utilizing a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments included normal controls (untreated rats), negative controls (rats induced with DMBA), positive controls (rats administered doxorubicin), and treatments with ethanol extract of moringa leaves, designated as P1, P2, and P3, at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW, respectively. Observations made included the color, the shape, the weight, and the histology of the rat kidneys, including glomerular diameter, proximal tubules, and necrosis. The analysis results indicate the administration of ethanol extract from Moringa oleifera leaves do not influence the morphology of kidney color and shape. The observations of the kidney weight, the morphology, and the histology reveal significant changes (p< 0.05) between the negative control group and all groups treated with moringa leaf extract. A dosage of 200 mg/kg BW of Moringa oleifera is optimum dosage since it enhances kidney weight shape, reduces glomerular width, diminishes proximal tubule constriction, and decreases renal necrosis.60 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Microplastics in Water in Lake Toba, North Sumatra Province
No full textLake Toba plays an important role in the aquatic ecosystem, but human activities such as fisheries, agriculture, and tourism cause microplastic pollution. This study analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution of microplastics and the environmental factors that influence them. Samples were taken from 21 stations using a purposive sampling method and analyzed in the laboratory. The results showed that the types of microplastics found were fragments, fibers, films, and pellets, with fragments as the dominant type. The most common colors found were black and blue. The abundance of microplastics was higher in the rainy season ( 3,570 particles/m3) compared to the dry season ( 0.629 particles/m3) due to increased water flow and runoff. PCA analysis in the dry season showed an inverse relationship and strong correlation between current and microplastic abundance and temperature with microplastic abundance, while in the rainy season DO showed a direct proportional relationship and moderate correlation with microplastic abundance and temperature showed an inverse relationship and moderate correlation with microplastic abundance. This study provides an overview of microplastic pollution in Lake Toba and can be a basis for more sustainable environmental management.85 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effect of Durian Seed Starch as a Binder in the Manufacture of Biopots from Tea Waste and Blood Clam Shell Flour as Planting Media
No full textTea waste (LT) is one of the biomas produced from tea processing and has not been utilized optimally. Tea waste biomass can be processed into biopots as a planting medium. Efforts to improve the function and quality of tea waste biopots are carried out by adding blood clam shell flour (TCKD) as a filler. The adhesive used to strengthen the physical properties of the biopot is durian seed starch with a variety of solvents in the form of aquadest and eco-enzymes. This study aims to: (1) analyze the effect of the comparison of the composition of LT, TCKD and durian seed starch on the biopot produced; (2) analyze the effect of the addition of eco-enzyme on the quality of the biopots produced; and (3) analyze the quality of the biopots produced. This research consists of several stages, namely: preparation of raw materials, making biopots, analysis of physical properties, mechanical strength, and analysis of plant growth rate. The ratio of LT and TCKD used is 200:0; 180:20; 160:40; 140:60; 120:80; 100:100; 80:120. The best composition of biopot is a formulation of 100 g LT:100 g TCKD with eco-enzyme as a solvent. Biopots with aquadest as solvents have lower physical and mechanical properties compared to eco-enzymes. Eco-enzymes improve the quality of biopots by strengthening the bonds between particles and providing nutrients for plants because they contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, while aquadest is less optimal because it does not contain organic compounds to improve the quality of biopots. The yield of biopot density ranged from 0,43-0,64g/cm3 and water absorption ranged from 60,93-76,27%. The analysis of pH values showed that the resulting biopots had soil pH ranging from 6,10-6,59 and was in accordance with soil acidity. The addition of TCKD up to 100 g increased the compressive strength and hardness of biopots with the results of analysis being 1,57-6,05 MPa and 0,049-0,116 MPa, respectively. However, the excessive addition of clamshell flour (120 g) decreases the hardness value, due to the imbalance of the adhesive composition with the raw material and increased porosity91 PagesTesis Magiste
Analysis of Lead Metal (Pb) Content and Food Safety Quality in Blood Cockles (Anadara granosa) and Antique Ark Cockle (Anadara sp.) in the Waters of Tanjung Balai, North Sumatra
No full textLead metal is a recurring issue resulting from industrial development, increasing urbanization, population density, and the utilization of coastal areas for transportation, residential, and tourism purposes. Heavy metals are among the most common pollutants that accumulate in aquatic biota, impacting their physiological functions even at low contamination levels. Blood cockles (Anadara granosa) and Antique Ark Cockle (Anadara sp.) are popular seafood products in Tanjung Balai Asahan, where the consumption rate is high, making these cockles a primary protein source for the local community. Addressing heavy metal contamination is critical, as high consumption levels can negatively affect public health.This study employed a descriptive method with data collected through observation, and the results were compared to the maximum heavy metal limits set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No. 7387 of 2009. Samples were obtained from the waters of Tanjung Balai and tested for lead metal content in the Fisheries and Marine Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Riau (UNRI) using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).The analysis of Pb content in blood cockles (Anadara granosa) showed variations based on size. Small-sized cockles had the highest Pb concentration at 0.079 mg/kg, the lowest at 0.075 mg/kg, with an average of 0.076 mg/kg. Medium-sized cockles recorded a maximum of 0.015 mg/kg, a minimum of 0.014 mg/kg, with an average of 0.014 mg/kg. Large-sized cockles had the highest Pb concentration at 0.034 mg/kg, the lowest at 0.032 mg/kg, with an average of 0.032 mg/kg.
Keywords: Antique Ark Cockle, Blood Cockle, Lead, Consumption Limit, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer55 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Tourism Potential of Namo Bongolia Natural Bath Sikabung- Kabung as a Tourism Destination Deli Serdang Regency
No full textNamo Bongolia Natural Bath is a natural tourist attraction in the form of clear river water from a large river that originates from a spring from the upstream near the peak of Merga Silima. potential that attracts tourists. Activities that we can do at Namo Bongolia Natural Bath Sikabung-kabung are camping, bathing in the river, cooking or having a barbecue on the edge of the river, but it has not been well organized. The purpose of this study was to find out what the tourism potential is in Namo Bongolia Natural Bath Sikabung-kabung, The research method used was field observation, in addition the author also obtained a library where the data was obtained from books, articles, and other library sources. The results of the study show that the Namo Bongolia Sikabung-kabung Natural Baths Nature Tourism has the potential for clear water, attractive camping grounds, natural beauty, etc. However, inadequate road access makes it difficult for elderly tourists to travel to the Namo Bongolia Sikabung-kabung Natural Baths.46 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
A Comparative Analysis Of The Altman Z-Score, Grover, Springate, And Zmijewski Models In Predicting Bankruptcy In Banking Companies Listed On The Indonesian Stock Exchange
No full textCompanies experiencing prolonged financial distress are more likely to face bankruptcy. Bankruptcy can cause significant losses to various stakeholders, making it essential to have predictive models that provide early warnings. This study aims to analyze whether there are significant differences between the Altman Z-Score model and the Grover model, the Altman Z-Score model and the Springate model, the Altman Z-Score model and Zmjiewski model, the Grover model and the Springate model, the Grover model and the Zmjiewski model, as well as the Springate model and the Zmjiewski model in predicting bankruptcy in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2023. The Study population consists of 47 banking companies. The sample selection was conducted using purposive sampling, resulting in a final sample of 44 banking companies that met the specified criteria. Data analysis was performed using a paired sample t-test with assistance of SPSS statistical software and Microsoft Excel.
The results indicate significant differences between the Altman Z-Score model and the Grover model, the Altman Z-Score model and the Springate model, the Altman Z-Score model and Zmjiewski model, the Grover model and the Springate model, the Grover model and the Zmjiewski model, and the Springate model and the Zmjiewski model. Among these models, the Grover model demonstrated the highest level of accuracy, followed by the Altman Z-Score model, the Zmijewski model, and finally, the Springate model.152 PagesTesis Magiste
Strategy Analysis in the Development of Coastal Ecotourism in Paropo I Village, Silahisabungan District, Dairi Regency
No full textEcotourism is a tourist trip to a natural area to preserve the environment and the welfare of the local community. Paropo I Village Beach, located on the shores of Lake Toba, has great potential as an ecotourism destination with beautiful scenery and strong local culture. However, its development faces challenges such as limited infrastructure, minimal facilities, and lack of community participation. This study aims to identify ecotourism development strategies in Paropo I Village using SWOT analysis. The results of the study showed strengths in natural beauty and culture (value 2.1), weaknesses in infrastructure and public facilities (value 1.4), opportunities for improving the local economy and promoting environmentally friendly tourism (value 2.27), and threats in the form of environmental and ecosystem damage (value 1.84). The proposed strategies include increasing accessibility, building environmentally friendly facilities, empowering the community through training, and effective waste management. By implementing the principles of sustainable ecotourism, Paropo I Village Beach is expected to develop as a leading destination that supports the local economy, preserves nature, and maintains culture.101 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of the Effectiveness, Contribution and Potential of Restaurant Tax on Regional Taxes in Pematangsiantar City (Study at Regional Financial and Income Management Board of Pematangsiantar City)
No full textRestaurant tax is one of the main components in the regional tax structure which has a strategic role in supporting the financing of development and the delivery of public services in the Pematangsiantar City. The rapid development of the tourism industry and the culinary business in this area also encourages an increase in potential revenue from the taxation sector. However, the actual achievements in tax collection restaurants still have not reached an optimal level, which is reflected in its relatively small contribution to total local tax revenue.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of effectiveness and contribution of restaurant tax to the regional tax revenue of Pematangsiantar City during the period 2020-2023, project the potential revenue of restaurant tax in 2024, and identify various inhibiting factors and government efforts in increasing restaurant tax realization.
This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study at the Regional Financial and Income Management Board of Pematangsiantar City. Data were collected through interviews, observation, documentation studies, and analysis of primary and secondary data. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing to answer research questions.
The results revealed that during the period 2020-2023, restaurant tax realization showed very effective performance with an average achievement of 108.54% of the target. However, its contribution to total local tax revenue is still relatively insufficient with an average contribution of 13%. The projected revenue potential in 2024 reaches Rp18.06 billion. Some of the main challenges include low taxpayer awareness and limited supervisory capacity, while improvement efforts are focused on implementation of tapping box technology, education programs, and synergy across agencies. The results of this study can be used as a basis for consideration in developing policies to strengthen local revenue.115 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
Differences in Maximum Mouth Opening Based on Age, Gender, and Body Mass Index in Tanjung Rejo Village, Medan Sunggal District
No full textMaximum mouth opening is a crucial parameter in diagnosing and evaluating the function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory muscles. Aim: to analyze the differences in maximum mouth opening based on age, gender, and Body Mass Index (BMI) among the residents of Tanjung Rejo Village, Medan Sunggal District. Methods: an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 180 participants (90 males and 90 females) grouped into the age categories of 20–30, 31–40, 41–50, 51–60, and 61–70 years. Participants were selected using simple random sampling and purposive sampling methods. Maximum mouth opening was measured using a therabite device, while BMI was calculated from weight and height data. Data analysis was performed using an independent t-test, Oneway anova, and Pearson correlation with a significance level of p0.05). A weak yet significant positive correlation was found between body weight, height, and maximum mouth opening (p<0.05). Conclusion: maximum mouth opening is influenced by age, gender, and BMI. This study serves as a reference for diagnosing TMJ disorders and as preliminary data for further research.93 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Implementation of Lean Manufacturing in HSB UMKM Yatim with QFD and Fuzzy COPRAS Integration Approach
No full textThe garment industry is one of the key sectors where product quality is a crucial aspect to consider. However, over the past few decades, the industry has experienced a decline in quality due to the pressure of fast production in response to high market demand, which has led to compromised quality standards and increased waste in the garment manufacturing process, particularly at the MSME level. This study aims to eliminate waste by selecting appropriate strategies and improving efficiency in the production process of alma mater blazers at HSB Yatim MSME. Therefore, the implementation of lean manufacturing is required as a solution through three stages: identifying waste, selecting appropriate lean tools using the integration of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Fuzzy COPRAS, and implementing the selected lean tools along with mapping the value stream.The research findings identified waste in the form of scrap, overprocessing, motion, and rework. Based on the integration of QFD and Fuzzy COPRAS, the recommended lean tool is the implementation of PDCA to address the waste problems in the production process. The PDCA implementation was carried out through two main approaches: the development of standard operating procedures and the use of jig tools. The application of this method successfully reduced material usage by 6.67% and eliminated scrap, rework, motion, and overprocessing. The production process time of one alma mater suit product or Manufacturing Lead Time (MLT) was also reduced by 335.064 and Process Cycle Effeciency (PCE) increased to 5.12 indicating that the efficiency of the process has been achieved and waste has been eliminated.The design results show that the application of the integration of QFD and Fuzzy COPRAS results in a lean tool proposal, namely the application of PDCA with a decrease in waste and an increase in production efficiency.126 PagesTesis Magiste