USU-IR Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara
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The Effect of Ratio of Carrot Juice with Pineapple Head Juice and the Percentage of Xanthan Gum on the Quality of Pineapple Head Carrot Syrup
No full textThis research was aimed to determine the effect of the ratio of carrot juice to pineapple tuber juice and the percentage of xanthan gum and their interaction on the quality of pineapple tuber carrot syrup. This research used a factorial completely randomized design method with two factors, namely the ratio of carrot juice to pineapple tuber juice (S): (90%:10%, 70%:30%, 50%:50%, and 30%:70%) and percentage of xanthan gum (P): (0.050%, 0.075%, 0.100%, and 0.125%). The parameters analyzed were total sugar (%), vitamin C content (mg/100g), beta-carotene content (µg/g), total dissolved solids (˚Brix), total acid (%), viscosity (cP), color descriptive value, aroma descriptive value, taste descriptive value, texture descriptive value, and general acceptance.
The results of the study showed that the ratio of carrot juice with pineapple tuber juice had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the parameters of total sugar, vitamin C content, beta-carotene content, total soluble solids, total acid, viscosity, color descriptive, aroma descriptive, taste descriptive, texture descriptive, and general acceptance hedonic. The percentage of xanthan gum had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the parameters of total dissolved solids, viscosity, descriptive texture and hedonic general acceptance. The interaction between the ratio of carrot juice to pineapple tuber juice and the percentage of xanthan gum had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the viscosity and texture descriptive parameters. The ratio of carrot juice to pineapple tuber juice 30%:70% and the percentage of xanthan gum 0.125% produced the best quality pineapple tuber carrot syrup.113 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Fermented Solo Garlic Extract (Allium sativum L. var. solo garlic) on Motor Coordination Response in Rats
No full textBackground: Solo black garlic is a processed product of solo garlic obtained
through fermentation. This process enhances the content of bioactive compounds,
one of which is s-allyl cysteine. As a stimulant, solo garlic can influence the
function of the central nervous system and improve motor coordination disorders
caused by excessive monosodium glutamate (MSG) induction. Several previous
studies have shown that solo garlic has stimulant effects however no studies have
yet examined the effect of solo black garlic extract (EBHT) on motor coordination
disorders.
Objective: To determine whether the administration of EBHT can improve motor
coordination response in rats induced with MSG and to identify the most effective
dose in enhancing motor coordination response in rats induced with MSG.
Method: This study was conducted experimentally using 5 groups: K(-) (Na-CMC
0.5%), K(+) (Caffeine 9 mg/kg body weight), EBHT 50, 75, 100 mg/kg body
weight. Each group consisted of 5 rats that were induced with MSG at a dose of
4000 mg/kg body weight, followed by the administration of the test preparation for
14 days. Motor coordination assessment on the 15th day was carried out using the
rotarod performance test method.
Results: The average percentage increase in stimulant effects for K(-), K(+), EBHT
50, 75, and 100 mg/kg body weight were -80.61±2.35; 52.40±1.96; 23.47±1.42;
35.66±0.97; 40.48±1.28, respectively. The data obtained were normally distributed
and homogeneous. One Way Anova test showed a significance value of p (0.000)
< 0.05. Post Hoc test revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) between K(-) and
K(+), K(+) and EBHT 50 mg/kg body weight, K(+) and EBHT 75 mg/kg body
weight, and K(+) and EBHT 100 mg/kg body weight.
Conclusion: The administration of EBHT can improve the motor coordination
response in rats induced with MSG, with the most effective dose being 100 mg/kg
body weight.113 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effect of 6% Broccoli Stem Extract Cream (Brassica oleracea L.) on Macular Scars Post-Acne
No full textABSTRACT
Background: Post-acne macular scars often cause skin discoloration, affecting appearance and self-confidence. Various topical therapies have been developed to address this issue. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) is widely cultivated in North Sumatra. Broccoli stems, a byproduct of harvesting, contain bioactive compounds such as sulforaphane and flavonoids, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties so that broccoli stem extract has the potential to help improve post-acne macular scars.
Objective: To analyze the effect of 6% broccoli stem extract cream (Brassica oleracea L.) on post-acne macular scars.
Subjects and Methods: This study was a pre-experimental clinical trial with a pretest-posttest design, involving 30 male and female subjects aged ≥18 years with post-acne macular scars, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Baseline data collection, melanin index assessment, and erythema index evaluation were conducted before and after applying 6% broccoli stem extract cream for 8 weeks. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test, with a significance level set at p<0.05.
Results: Most subjects with macular scars were in the late adolescence age group (18–25 years). A statistically significant reduction (p<0.001) was observed in both the melanin index and erythema index after 8 weeks of applying the 6% broccoli stem extract cream. Clinical improvements were evident, and no side effects were reported. All subjects (100%) were satisfied with the use of the broccoli stem extract cream.
Conclusion: The use of 6% broccoli stem extract cream effectively improves pigmentation and reduces both the melanin index and erythema index in post-acne macular scars. The cream was well tolerated, with no reported side effects and a high level of patient satisfaction.
Keywords: macular scar, acne vulgaris, broccoli stem extract, herbal treatment114 PagesTesis Magiste
Determination of Water Quality Status Using the Pollution Index Method in Aek Sibundong River, Dolok Sanggul District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra
No full textProviding clean water is now a special concern for developed and developing countries, especially Indonesia, with problems providing clean water for the community such as the lack of availability of clean water sources and unequal service provision. The existence of the Aek Sibundong River, which flows through Dolok Sanggul District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency is greatly utilized by the surrounding community for irrigation of rice fields, agriculture, animal husbandry, and other purposes. This research aims to analyze water quality and determine the water quality status of the Aek Sibundong River in Dolok Sanggul District, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra. The method used is the Pollution Index (IP) method in accordance to Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 115 Tahun 2003. The water quality parameters tested include physical parameters, among others, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), turbidity, and temperature, chemical parameters, viz., Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), pH, Phosfat (PO4), Ammonia (NH3), Free Chlorine (Cl2), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), as well as biological parameters, namely Total Coliform. The results of this research show that several parameters at several points sampling have passed the established quality standards and the water quality status of the Aek Sibundong River at various points sampling varies from lightly to moderately polluted. Based on the data from this research, it is concluded that the water quality status of the Aek Sibundong River in 2024 is classified as lightly polluted. This data can be used as a basis for sustainable river water quality management policies.129 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Family Social Support in Reducing Negative Stigma in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Medan Khusus Paru Hospital
No full textTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, the emergence of cases of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
adds to the complexity of the problem. Requires longer treatment, spreads infection,
and the risk of side effects of treatment. In addition, TB-RO patients also face social
problems, namely negative stigma which is not in line with the Family Social Support
they receive. This study was conducted to analyze Family Social Support in reducing
Negative Stigma in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients at the Medan Lung Special
Hospital. Researchers also analyzed Community Intervention with the Community
Development Intervention model at the Mentari Meraki Asa Foundation as a
Community Worker which is an institution in handling Tuberculosis cases in North
Sumatra. Using qualitative methods with data collection through observation,
interviews with 3 key informants and 10 main informants, and documentation. The
results of this study indicate that Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients at the Medan
Lung Special Hospital received 5 forms of Family Social Support based on the
indicators used, namely, Instrumental, Informational, Emotional, Self-esteem, and
from social groups. From the social support they receive, patients still get 2 forms of
stigma from 6 indicators, namely, self-stigma and felt or perceived stigma. While the
form of intervention approach used by the Mentari Meraki Asa Foundation, namely
the Directive (Instructive) Approach, the Non-Directive (Participatory) approach is
less appropriate in handling Tuberculosis cases194 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analyze the Performance of Stationary Otto Engine using a Fuel Mixture of LDPE Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Oil and Pertalite
No full textThis study aims to utilize LDPE plastic waste, such as gallon caps, through
pyrolysis to reduce waste, manage environmental pollution, and produce
biogasoline as a fuel mixture for stationary Otto engines. The specific objectives
include: (1) analyzing the pyrolysis results of LDPE plastic with pure gasoline at
ratios of B0 (100% Pertalite), B5 (95% Pertalite: 5% Biogasoline), B15 (85%
Pertalite: 15% Biogasoline), and B25 (75% Pertalite: 25% Biogasoline); (2)
evaluating the performance of the Otto engine, including torque, power, specific
fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, air-fuel ratio, and temperature; and (3)
measuring exhaust gas emissions (CO, CO2, O2, HC). The study results show that
B25 fuel has the best density of 0.753 g/ml (1.5% higher than Pertalite), the best
viscosity of 0.606 mm²/s (50% higher), and the highest calorific value of 50,872
J/g (8.4% higher). The highest power was achieved with B15 at a load of 500
watts, producing 415 watts, while the best thermal efficiency was found with B5,
which decreased by 2.2% compared to pure Pertalite (B0). The lowest carbon
monoxide (CO) emission, 0.31%, was produced by B25 at a load of 400 watts,
whereas the highest carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, 12.0%, was produced by B15
at the same load. Biogasoline from LDPE pyrolysis has the potential to be an
alternative fuel with good performance and lower environmental impact. This
research provides an innovative solution for managing plastic waste.88 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effect of Chewing Fuji Apple (Malus domestica) on Salivary Flow Rate and Calcium Levels in Pre-Elderly and Young Adults
No full textChewing food is a routine daily activity that plays an important role in the digestive process and impacts saliva production. Consuming fibrous foods, such as apples, increases saliva secretion, effectively reduces plaque due to prolonged chewing, and enhances saliva flow rate, which benefits dental and gingival health. Saliva contains electrolytes like calcium that help maintain tooth integrity and support the remineralization process. Aging is a physiological condition but is also a risk factor for diseases that reduce intrinsic capacity related to vision, hearing, taste, and daily activities. Objective: To analyse the effect of chewing Fuji Apples 32 times on the flow rate and calcium levels in saliva in Pre-Elderly and Young adults. Method: Quasi-experimental with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 36 individuals divided into two groups, each group measuring the flow
rate and calcium levels in saliva before and after chewing Fuji Apples 32 times. Results: There was a significant difference in saliva flow rate and calcium levels (p0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between saliva flow rate and calcium levels after chewing Fuji Apples in the Pre-elderly and Young adult groups.111 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis and Mapping of Noise Levels Due to Tapioca Industry Production Activities of PT. Hari Sejahtera
No full textPT. Hari Sejahtera Tapioka is a prominent industry engaged in the production of tapioca
flour. However, the utilization of machinery in this industry has resulted in elevated noise
levels, posing a potential threat to worker safety. According to Permenaker No. 5 of 2018,
the permissible noise level standard for occupational safety and health is 85 dB(A), with
a maximum exposure duration of 8 hours. To assess the noise level, a comprehensive
survey was administered to 100% of production department personnel. The recommended
course of action involves measuring and mapping the noise level to inform initial
decision-making. Noise level measurements were conducted using a Sound Level Meter
(SLM), in compliance with the noise monitoring regulation stipulated in Ministry of
Environment and Forestry No. 48 of 1996. This regulation mandates noise monitoring at
7 intervals during a 24-hour period, encompassing both overall and operational
assessments. Based on the applicable standard, the highest recorded noise level (LSM) at
PT Hari Sejahtera Tapioka was 88.86 dB(A) at point 13 on Wednesday, while the lowest
noise level was 51.36 dB(A) at point 22. The research findings indicate that noise levels
on working days exceed those on holidays. Moreover, the strategic deployment of barriers
featuring ¾ acoustic panels on the ceiling and rockwool on the walls can effectively
reduce noise levels by up to 50% in the production room.142 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Rice Purchasing Decisions (Case: Medan Mega Trade Center (MMTC) Traditional Market in Percut Sei Tuan District)
No full textThis study aims to analyze the attributes that become consumer preferences in rice purchasing decisions and analyze the attributes most considered by consumers in rice purchasing decisions at the MMTC Traditional Market, Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan. The research location determined purposively, namely in the MMTC Traditional Market, Percut Sei Tuan District with consideration because its roles are quite important and strategic with diverse socio-economic characteristics. The sample determination carried out by using accidental sampling technique, which is based on the spontaneity factor, meaning that anyone who accidentally meets the researcher and matches the characteristics, then that person can be used as a samples. The number of samples in the study was 30 sample. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the rice that is the preference of consumers in the MMTC Traditional Market, Percut Sei Tuan District is bulk rice with medium quality, price 1 month, a clear white degree, and a level of whiteness.80 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Implementation of K-Nearest Neighbor (Knn) Algorithm in Detecting Cyberbullying Comments on Social Media Content Using Chrome Extension
No full textAlong with the development of digital technology, the use of social media among the public is very easily accessible without limits. Through social media users ranging from individuals, groups, etc. can socialize and communicate. Social media provides freedom of expression to users, especially the freedom to comment on content that is seen and watched. However, the freedom to comment on social media is widely misused by irresponsible parties to mock, make fun of, spread hate speech, and provide negative statements containing elements of Religion, Race, Ethnicity, Physical and Sexual or what is often referred to as Cyberbullying. The existence of cyberbullying on social media raises concerns and negative impacts on social media users who are victims. The number of cyberbullying cases through comments with new variations of words, causes difficulty in recognizing cyberbullying. So, to combat cyberbullying on social media, it's crucial to develop a system that can identify remarks that exhibit cyberbullying characteristics. The goal of this project is to develop a website and Chrome extension that can identify cyberbullying remarks on social media material. The words will be represented numerically using the K-Nearest Neighbor method and TF-IDF. The data used in this study were 4574 Indonesian comments crawled from the TikTok application. Through the evaluation results in this study, the model is able to detect cyberbullying comments with an accuracy value of 79% and classification of cyberbullying with labels of religion, race, ethnicity, physique, and sex with an accuracy value of 91%.85 PagesSkripsi Sarjan