USU-IR Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara
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Correlation Between Body Mass Index (BMI) and Femorotibial Joint Space Width on Lyon-Schuss Knee Radiographs in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, in 2025
No full textBackground: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of osteoarthritis and a frequent cause of chronic health problems. The femorotibial joint space is one of the most predictive factors associated with clinical symptoms and outcomes in patients with knee OA. Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of knee OA. Measurement of the knee joint space is most accurately performed using the Lyon-Schuss position.
Methods: This study is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design conducted at the Radiology Department of H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, from March 2025 to June 2025. The samples included patients with knee OA who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Radiological examinations were performed in the Lyon-Schuss position, and the narrowest femorotibial joint space was measured. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test was employed to assess the relationship between risk factors such as age, sex, occupation, and BMI with OA grade. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess the relationship between femorotibial joint space width and age, sex, and occupation. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to evaluate the association between femorotibial joint space width and BMI as well as OA grade. Correlation analysis was then performed to determine the strength of the relationship between BMI and femorotibial joint space width.
Results: Bivariate analysis showed a relationship between BMI and OA grade (p = 0.093), as well as between femorotibial joint space width and both BMI (p = 0.000) and OA grade (p = 0.000). A negative correlation was found between BMI and femorotibial joint space width, with the regression equation: y = 8.577 - 0.255x, where y represents femorotibial joint space width (mm) and x represents BMI (p = 0.000; R² = 0.306).
Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between body mass index and femorotibial joint space width in patients with knee osteoarthritis.93 PagesTesis Magiste
Understanding and Hospitality Practices of the Toba Batak Community in Tourism Services in Silalahi III Village, Dairi Regency
No full textThis research is important because tourism development in the Lake Toba area is slow and services are still lacking. This study was conducted using qualitative methods with an ethnographic or historical approach to describe the hospitality practices implemented by Sialahi III tourism actors in providing services to guests. This study also used data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews and data presentation as data sources.
The results of this study indicate that Silalahi III tourism operators do not fully understand hospitality in tourism services, and Silalahi III tourism operators are also not ready and able to practice hospitality in providing services to guests. Silalahi III tourism operators still lack understanding in welcoming guests professionally, and lack of ways to communicate with guests. With conditions like this, where Silalahi III tourism operators do not fully understand the ideal hospitality standards, the quality of the Silalahi III tourist attraction will continue to decline. Silalahi III tourism operators do not have the readiness to carry out hospitality practices in tourism services, because the basic of Silalahi III tourism operators were previously farmers who have now turned into tourism managers. So, still need direction and guidance so that Silalahi III tourism operators are ready and able to carry out hospitality practices in providing good service at the Silalahi III tourist attraction. This research is expected to continue to develop so that it attracts the interest of many people to discuss further regarding the understanding and practice of hospitality at the Silalahi III tourist attraction.
Keywords: Tourism hospitality, Quality of tourism services, Tourism management126 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of land cover changes on the habitat of Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in Gunung Leuser National Park (Case study: Batu Jong-jong Village)
No full textThe ongoing changes in forest area conditions have had a significant impact on wildlife, including the Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus). Batu Jong-Jong Village is one of the areas experiencing human-elephant conflict. To understand the dynamics of this conflict, this study aims to analyze land use changes between 2018 and 2023 and examine community activity patterns that potentially trigger conflicts with wildlife. This research utilizes remote sensing technology through Landsat 8 imagery, which is analyzed using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform with the Random Forest algorithm to produce land cover classifications and a land use change matrix. In addition, a descriptive approach was applied through interviews and questionnaires distributed to local communities living near forest areas. The results of the study identified eight land use classes: Forest, Mixed Gardens, Rubber Plantations, Oil Palm Plantations, Settlements, Agriculture, Rivers, and Open Land. The most significant change occurred in the Forest class, which was converted into Open Land covering an area of 497.47 hectares. Community activities around forest areas generally involve the use of privately held land for plantation purposes, which affects elephant habitats through overlapping between human activities and the elephants’ natural range. Most residents still rely on land ownership documents such as sub-district (SK Camat) and village decrees (SK Desa), which do not fully guarantee legal clarity within the context of conservation area management.70 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Relationship Between Parenting Patterns and Adolescents Sexual Behavior of SMK Negeri 1 Berastagi
No full textAdolescence is a transitional stage marked by curiosity and risk-taking tendencies, which increase vulnerability to premarital sexual behavior. A preliminary survey of 20 students at SMK Negeri 1 Berastagi showed that 51.4% were indicated to engage in risky sexual behaviors, while 68.75% reported receiving positive parenting. This study aimed to examine the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent sexual behavior. The study population consisted of 304 students, with 114 selected through simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis with frequency distribution and bivariate analysis with the chi- square test. The findings revealed a significant relationship between parenting styles and adolescent sexual behavior, with a contingency coefficient of 0.499 and a p-value of 0.0001 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that effective parenting plays a crucial role in preventing risky sexual behavior among adolescents. It is recommended that students actively seek reproductive health information and maintain personal boundaries, parents provide balanced control and open communication, and schools collaborate with families to deliver systematic reproductive health education.123 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
An Analysis of Information Literacy Competence of Library and Information Science Students Using ACRL Standards
No full textThis study aims to analyze the information literacy competence of students in the Library and Information Science program at the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, using the ACRL (Association of College and Research Libraries) standards. Information literacy competence is a critical skill for students to support academic processes, including identifying information needs, accessing relevant sources, and ethically utilizing information. The study employed a qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews involving students from the 2021–2024 cohorts. The findings reveal that students possessed a generally strong level of information literacy competence, particularly in their ability to identify information needs, select credible academic sources, and present information in scholarly work. Additionally, students demonstrated ethical awareness, such as adherence to copyright regulations, avoidance of plagiarism, and caution in disseminating information. However, the study also identified challenges in narrowing research focus, applying advanced search strategies, and utilizing reference management tools. Overall, it can be concluded that the information literacy competence of Library and Information Science students at FIB USU falls within the good category.111 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Influence of Taste and Emotional Marketing on Customer Loyalty (Study at Mcdonald's in Medan City)
No full textThis study aims to analyze the effect of taste and emotional marketing on
customer loyalty at McDonald’s in Medan City. The rapid growth of the fast-food
industry requires companies not only to maintain product quality but also to build
strong emotional connections with customers in order to sustain loyalty amid
increasing competition.
This research is a quantitative study with an associative approach. The
population consists of McDonald’s customers in Medan, with a sample of 96
respondents selected using Purba. Data were collected through questionnaires and
analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS version 25.
The results show that: (1) Taste (X1) has a positive and significant effect on
Customer Loyalty (Y), with a t-value of 2.853 > 1.986, a significance level of 0.000
< 0.05, and a regression coefficient of 0.218; (2) Emotional Marketing (X2) has a
positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty (Y), with a t-value of 6.983 >
1.985, a significance level of 0.005 < 0.05, and a regression coefficient of 0.402;
(3) Taste (X1) and Emotional Marketing (X2) simultaneously have a positive and
significant effect on Customer Loyalty (Y), with an F-value of 69.789 > 3.09 and a
significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. The Adjusted R Square value of 0.592 indicates
that both independent variables explain 59.2% of the variation in customer loyalty,
while the remaining 40.8% is influenced by other factors outside this study.
The conclusion of this research is that consistent taste quality and
appropriate emotional marketing strategies can enhance customer loyalty at
McDonald’s in Medan. The practical implication of this study highlights the
importance of maintaining product taste while strengthening emotional
engagement through customer experience to foster long-term loyalty.161 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Pra-design of a coconut cream manufacturing plant using the UHT process (Ultra-Hight Temperature) with a capacity of 60,000 tons/year
No full textPreliminary Design for a Coconut Cream Manufacturing Plant Using the UHT
System (Ultra-Hight Temperature) with a capacity of 60,000 tons per year and
operating 330 days a year.
This Coconut Cream Manufacturing Plant is planned to be established in
Sangkub I Village, Sangkub District, Bolang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi
Province, with a land area of 25,000 m2 and a workforce of 347 people it will be a
Limited Liability Company (PT) headed by a factory manager with a line and staff
organizational structure.
The results of the economic analysis of this factory's preliminary design are as
follows:
1. Total Investment Capital
2. Total Production Costs
3. Sales Revenue
4. Net Profit
5. Profit Margin
6. Break Even Point (BEP)
: Rp 415,152,484,944.00
: Rp 380.493.029.395,97
: Rp. 148.377.064.690,82
: Rp 98.725.748.019,39
: 26,65%
: 41,26%
7. Return on Investment (ROI) : 23,78%
8. Pay Out Time (POT)
: 4,21 Tahun
9. Return on Network (RON) : 39,63%
10. Internal Rate of Return (IRR) : 24,55%
Based on the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the preliminary design
for a coconut cream factory using the UHT (Ultra-Hight Temperature) process is
feasible.404 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Bacterial Patterns and Antibiotic Susceptibility Tests of Pus Samples from Patients with Surgical Site Infections in the Department of Surgery, Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital
No full textBackground. Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common postoperative
complications that increases morbidity, length of hospital stay, and treatment costs. The
changing pattern of causative bacteria and rising antibiotic resistance present significant
challenges in managing postoperative infections. Objective. This study aims to determine
the bacterial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility profiles from pus samples of patients
with surgical site infections at the Department of Surgery, Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis
Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155,
INDONESIA during the period of January 2024 to June 2025. Method. This was a
descriptive retrospective study using secondary data from positive culture results of pus
samples obtained from patients diagnosed with surgical site infections. Data included
bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility test (antibiogram) results. Univariate
analysis was conducted to describe the frequency distribution of bacterial isolates and
their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Results. A total of 45 samples met the inclusion
criteria. Most patients were aged 45–59 years (40.0%) and female (60.0%). The majority
of cases occurred in the General Surgery Department (40.0%). The predominant
bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli (28.9%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.2%)
among Gram-negative bacteria, and Staphylococcus aureus (15.6%) among Gram-
positive bacteria. Antibiotics with the highest sensitivity rates (≥80%) included
Meropenem, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Cefepime, Vancomycin, Linezolid, and Tetracycline.
Multidrug-resistant isolates such as ESBL-producing E. coli, MRSA, and
carbapenemase-producing strains were also identified, indicating a rising trend of
resistance to β-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Conclusion. Most surgical site
infections were caused by Gram-negative bacteria, particularly E. coli and K.
pneumoniae. Meropenem and Amikacin remained the most effective antibiotics against
Gram-negative isolates, while Vancomycin and Linezolid were effective against Gram-
positive isolates. Continuous surveillance of resistance patterns and strict antibiotic
stewardship are essential to maintain the effectiveness of empirical therapy in hospitals.97 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Resolution of the Registered Baby Care Trademark Dispute (Study of Decision Number 89/Pdt-Sus Trademark / 2022/PN.Niaga /Jkt.Pst)
No full textA brand is a logo or symbol for a product of goods or services that determines
the quality of a product and at the same time has the distinguishing power between one
trademark of goods and services and another. A trademark as an Intellectual Property
Right is basically a sign to identify the origin of goods and services (an indication of
origin) from a company with goods and/or services of another company. To Know and
Analyze the Settlement of Trademark Disputes That Have Been Registered Regarding
Decision Number 89/PDT-SUS Trademark/ 2022/PN.NIAGA/JKT. PST). To Know
and Analyze the Cancellation of the BC Baby Care Trademark Regarding Decision
Number 89/PDT-SUS Trademark/ 2022/PN.NIAGA/JKT. PST Is in Accordance with
Law Number 20 of 2016. To Know and Analyze the Legal Consequences of
Trademarks That Have Been Registered and Canceled Regarding Decision Number
89/PDT-SUS Trademark/ 2022/PN.NIAGA/JKT. PST) Related to the Baby Care
Trademark Dispute. The research method used in this study is a normative legal
research type. Based on the example of the case of the use of the trademark "Baby
Care", for similar products, the court finally decided to declare that the trademark was
legally void for trademark registration. The legal consequence of the cancellation of
trademark registration based on a court decision that has permanent legal force is the
removal of the trademark in question from the General Register of Trademarks. The
party that can remove a registered trademark after a court decision is the Director
General of Intellectual Property by means of deletion. The certificate obtained from the
trademark registration owned by the entrepreneur is ultimately no longer valid from
the date of the deletion, so that it directly results in the legal protection for the rights
holder also ending.123 PagesTesis Magiste
Induction of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) with the Giving ZPT NAA (Napthalene Acetic Acid) and BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) On In Vitro
No full textThis study aims to determine the effect of the combination of NAA
(Napthalene Acetic Acid) and BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) on the formation of
mangosteen buds (Garcinia mangostana L.) In Vitro. This research was conducted
at the Laboratory of Alifa Agricultural Research Center (ALIFA-ARC) Medan, from
January to May 2025. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD)
method with two treatment factors and three replicates. The first factor is NAA
concentration consisting of N0 (0 mg/L), N1 (0.5 mg/L) and N2 (1 mg/L). The
second factor is the concentration of BAP consisting of B0 (0 mg/L), B1 (3 mg/L)
and B2 (6 mg/L). Parameters observed were the percentage of live explants,
percentage of contaminated explants, percentage of explants forming buds, time of
bud emergence, number of buds, shoot height, number of roots and number of
leaves. The results showed that the administration of NAA did not have a significant
effect on all observation parameters. The provision of BAP had a significant effect
on the parameters of the percentage of explants forming shoots, but did not have a
significant effect on the parameters of the percentage of living explants, the
percentage of contaminated explants, the time to appear shoots, the number of
shoots, shoot height, the number of roots and the number of leaves. The interaction
between the treatment combination of NAA and BAP had a significant effect on the
parameters of the percentage of living explants and the number of roots, but did not
have a significant effect on the parameters of the percentage of contaminated
explants, the percentage of explants forming buds, the time to appear buds, the
number of buds, the height of the shoots and the number of leaves.64 PagesSkripsi Sarjan