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Erosion Estimation and Design of Soil and Water Conservation Techniques as Erosion Mitigation Efforts in the Wampu Watershed
No full textEstimation of erosion in the Watershed (DAS) is very important to be done for better watershed management. High levels of erosion can determine the condition of a land. High erosion can cause a decrease in the effectiveness of land use to environmental damage such as landslides due to erosion of the topsoil so that the soil's ability to retain and absorb water is reduced. Wampu Watershed is one of the watersheds in North Sumatra Province which is classified as vulnerable to erosion and there have been few studies on erosion in Wampu Watershed. This study aims to estimate erosion and design soil and water conservation techniques that are in accordance with the conditions in Wampu Watershed. This study uses the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method with factors that affect the amount of erosion such as rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope gradient (LS) and land cover and land management (CP). The results of the study showed that the very light erosion hazard class covering an area of 203,310 Ha was the largest erosion class in the Wampu Watershed, followed by light erosion covering an area of 149,242.00 Ha, then moderate erosion covering an area of 45,814.02 Ha, then severe erosion covering an area of 14,412.90 Ha and very severe erosion covering an area of 2,794.30 Ha. The upstream part of the Wampu Watershed, especially in Karo Regency, is the area with the widest very heavy erosion level. Soil and water conservation design is the initial step to prevent erosion in the Wampu Watershed. Soil and water conservation techniques in open land can be implemented by planting ground cover plants, replanting woody plants or planting herbal plants that have ecological and economic functions.80 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Implementation of Civil Servant Performance Management Policy at the Personnel and Human Resource Development Agency of Gunungsitoli City
No full textCivil Servant performance management is an important aspect in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of government bureaucracy. The implementation of good performance management policies aims to encourage civil servants to achieve organizational goals and improve the quality of public services. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of civil servant performance management policies. This research focuses on performance planning at the Gunungsitoli. Performance planning is a crucial initial stage in the performance management cycle because it determines the direction, indicators, and work achievements evaluated. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies.
The results of the research show that the performance planning process at the Gunungsitoli City Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM) adheres to applicable regulations, such as Ministerial Regulation of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform (PermenPAN-RB) Number 6 of 2022 concerning Civil Servant Performance Management. However, in its implementation, a number of obstacles were still found, such as a lack of employee understanding regarding the preparation of Employee Performance Targets (SKP) in accordance with the regulations. On the other hand, leadership commitment and regulatory support are the main supporting factors in implementing this policy.235 PagesTesis Magiste
Implementation of the Food Security Assistance Program through the Distribution of Livestock and Plant Seedlings in Bangun Purba Village
No full textFood security is a crucial foundation for breaking the cycle of poverty,
particularly in rural areas vulnerable to limited food access. The Bangun Purba
Village Government implemented a food security program through the distribution
of livestock and plant seeds as a strategy to increase food availability and
community income. This study aims to describe the program's implementation
process, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and assess its impact on poverty
alleviation in the village.
The research method used a qualitative descriptive approach, with data
collection techniques including interviews, observation, and documentation.
Informants included the village head, program coordinator, members of the Village
Consultative Body (BPD), and aid recipients. Data and information were analyzed
based on David C. Korten's theory of Program Implementation Success, which
includes indicators for the Program, Implementing Organization, and Target
Group.
The results indicate that the program has contributed to increasing food
availability for some communities, but its effectiveness has not been maximized due
to uneven aid distribution, lack of technical assistance, minimal outreach, and weak
coordination between relevant parties. Recommendations include improving the
quality of field assistance, strengthening cross-agency coordination, and regular
evaluation to ensure targeted and sustainable aid in Bangun Purba Village.176 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Preliminary Design of a Hydrogen Production Plant from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Using Pyrolysis Process with a Capacity of 1,700 Tons/Year
No full textFossil energy sources such as petroleum and coal are rapidly depleting due to their non-renewable nature. Therefore, the development of alternative and renewable energy sources is crucial. Biomass is one of the renewable resources that can be utilized as a substitute for fossil fuels. Among various biomass options, oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) have the potential to be converted into hydrogen, serving as an alternative energy carrier to replace fossil-based fuels. This study presents the preliminary design of a hydrogen production plant with a capacity of 1,700 tons per year, operating 330 days annually. The raw material required is 208,860.805 kg/day of EFB. The main processes involved include raw material preparation, pyrolysis, water-gas shift reaction, and gas purification. Pyrolysis is carried out in a reactor operating at 500°C and 1 atm, producing hydrogen gas as the primary product. The proposed plant will be located in Payah Bagas District, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, covering a land area of 16,182 m². The plant will operate as a Limited Liability Company (PT) with a line-and-staff organizational structure, employing 138 workers. Economic feasibility analysis indicates that the total investment capital required is Rp. 102,349,497,290, with an annual production cost of Rp. 206,152,181,035 and estimated sales revenue of Rp. 360,010,079,160. The net profit is projected at Rp. 102,370,502,253, resulting in a profit margin of 41%, return on investment (ROI) of 25.73%, break-even point (BEP) of 41.66%, pay-out time (POT) of 3.9 years, return on net worth (RON) of 42.88%, and an internal rate of return (IRR) of 29.28%. Based on the economic analysis, it can be concluded that the hydrogen production plant is technically and economically feasible to be established.362 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Impact of Internships in Japan on Japanese Literature Alumni of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, University of North Sumatra, who are Working in Japan
No full textThis study aims to determine the impact of internship programs in Japan on
alumni of the Japanese Literature Department, Faculty of Cultural Sciences,
University of North Sumatra, who are currently working in Japan. The theories
used in this study are impact theory and cross-cultural adaptation theory. The
research method used is quantitative descriptive research with data collection
techniques through questionnaires. The results show that internship programs in
Japan have a positive impact on alumni. Most alumni are able to adapt to the
disciplined Japanese work culture, improve their technical and soft skills such as
communication, cooperation, and self-confidence. In addition, the internship
experience also helps alumni improve their Japanese language skills and makes it
easier for them to find employment in Japan.68 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Anticancer Activity Of Terpenoid-Rich Extract and Essential Oil From Jungga Orange Peel (Citrus Jambhiri Lush.) Against T47d Cells
No full textBackground: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women
worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Indonesia. Cancer is
characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and abnormal proliferation that disrupts
normal cell structure and function. Citrus fruit peel is known to contain terpenoid
compounds, including that of Jungga orange (Citrus jambhiri Lush.), which
contains bioactive constituents such as D-limonene, γ-terpinene, and β-pinene with
potential anticancer properties.
Objective: To evaluate the anticancer activity of terpenoid-rich extract and
essential oil from Jungga orange peel through cell cycle inhibition, apoptosis
induction, and suppression of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR expression.
Methods: Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay, while cell cycle
distribution, apoptosis, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR protein expression were analyzed
using flow cytometry.
Results: The IC₅₀ values of the terpenoid-rich extract (TRE) and essential oil (EO)
were 39.80 µg/mL and 68.49 µg/mL, respectively, both demonstrating strong and
selective cytotoxic activity against T47D cells (selectivity indices of 4.73 and
4.67), which were higher than that of doxorubicin (SI 2.13). Treatment with TRE
at 10 µg/mL resulted in greater cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction compared
to EO at 20 µg/mL. TRE also significantly downregulated PI3K, Akt, and
especially mTOR expression, whereas EO showed a comparatively weaker
inhibitory effect.
Conclusion: Terpenoid-rich extract and essential oil from Jungga orange peel
exhibit selective anticancer potential against T47D cells. TRE demonstrated
stronger activity than EO, although both were less effective than doxorubicin.154 pagesTesis Magiste
Isolation and Identification of Flavonoids Compounds from Bark of he Rambai (Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg)
No full textFlavonoid compounds were successfully isolated from rambai (Baccaurea motleyana) stem bark through maceration-methanol extraction, followed by partition extraction using ethyl acetate and n-hexane solvents. The result was an extract in the ethyl acetate phase, which was then evaporated. The concentrated ethyl acetate extract was initially characterized by TLC, then purified via gradient column chromatography (silica gel; chloroform-ethyl acetate 90:10→10:90). The fourth fraction of the column results was then purified using Preparative TLC with a chloroform:ethyl acetate (20:80) solvent system. The isolate obtained was a brownish-yellow amorphous solid (4.8 mg) with an Rf value of 0.64 on TLC using a chloroform:ethyl acetate (20:80) solvent system. Further characterization was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry technique showing 2 bands, namely the first band with a wavelength of 340 nm with an absorbance of 0.2278 and band II with a wavelength of 281 nm with an absorbance of 0.2564. Infrared spectrophotometer analysis (FT-IR) with the results obtained the presence of functional groups O-H Stretching with a frequency (in cm⁻¹) 3448.72 cm-1, C-H sp3 Stretching with a frequency (in cm⁻¹) 2924.09 cm-1, C=O ketone Stretching with a frequency (in cm⁻¹) 1660.71 cm-1, C=C aromatic Stretching with a frequency (in cm⁻¹) 1616.35 cm-1, C-H sp3 Bending with a frequency (in cm⁻¹) 1440.83 cm-1, C-O Stretching with a frequency (in cm⁻¹) 1296.16 cm-1, C-H sp2 Bending out-of-plane with a wavelength of 873.59 cm-1. The 1H-NMR spectrum identified a characteristic H-3 proton signal at a chemical shift of δ 6.55 ppm for the flavone compound. Spectroscopic data concluded that the isolated compound belongs to the flavone group, which is a subclass of flavonoids.67 pagesSkripsi Sarjan
Influence Of Social Media Marketing On Customer Loyalty In Kopiku.Ni's Product
No full textThis study aims to analyze the influence of social media marketing and
consumer behavior on consumer loyalty toward the Kopiku.Ni product. The
background of this research based on the importance of utilizing social media as
a marketing tool and understanding consumer behavior in building customer
loyalty. This research uses a quantitive approach with a survey method. Data
were collected throught questionnaires distributed to 40 respondents who are
consumers of Kopiku.Ni. the data analysis technique was conducted using
structural equation modeling (SEM) based on the partial least square (PLS) with
the help of SmartPLS 4 software. The result of study show that social media
marketing has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. In addition,
consumer behavior not have significant effect on customer loyalty. These findings
indicate that marketing strategies through social media and a good understanding
of consume behavior are important factors in increasing customer loyalty toward
Kopiku.Ni products.78 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Phenology of Flower and Fruit Development and Characterization of Several Types of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) at the University of North Sumatra
No full textLotus is a perennial aquatic plant, where this plant belongs to the subfamily Nelumbonaceae which consists of one genus Nelumbo. The naturally occurring process of flower growth is studied in flowering phenology. Meanwhile, characterization aims to determine the characteristics or characteristics of the relevant varieties. Using the phenology of flower and fruit development as the basis for plant breeding, this study aims to explain the growth phase of flowers in several types of lotus. This research will be carried out in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra with an altitude of ±25 meters above sea level in January 2025 to June 2025. The research was carried out using descriptive methods and observation of the development of flowers and fruits. The observation involved 2 types of lotus plants, namely pink and multicolored types. Lotus plants take 12-14 days to complete their flowering process and it takes 3-4 days to enter the fertilization process once the flowers are fully blooming. Characterization in Lotus plants varies in each sample observed.72 PageSkripsi Sarjan
Dynamics of the Langen Setio Budi Lestari Art Studio in Sei Mencirim Village Sunggal Ditsrict Deli Serdang Regency (1970-2005)
No full textThis study discusses the journey and dynamics of the Langen Setio Budi Lestari
Art Studio, which was founded in 1970 in Sei Mencirim Village, Sunggal District,
Deli Serdang Regency, by Jumadi together with the Javanese diaspora community
as an effort to preserve ancestral culture, particularly Ketoprak Dor art. This study
uses a historical method consisting of four stages, namely Heuristics, Criticism,
Interpretation, and Historiography. The data was obtained through interviews with
the head of the Langen Setio Budi Lestari art studio, several members and former
members, as well as the community around Sei Mencirim Village. This study
reveals how the studio experienced a period of glory, decline due to modernization,
a revival in the early 2000s through musical instrument innovation, and its
involvement in Kuda Kepang art, which was later discontinued due to spiritual
conflicts and the urge to refocus on Ketoprak Dor. The results of the study show
that the success of the studio was influenced by the enthusiasm of the community,
an adaptive organizational structure, and the ability to harmonize tradition with the
needs of the times. However, challenges such as a lack of regeneration, declining
interest among the younger generation, and shifting social and religious values
became significant obstacles.133 PagesSkripsi Sarjan