USU-IR Repositori Institusi Universitas Sumatera Utara
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The Effect Of Local Revenue, General Allocation Funds, Special Allocation Funds, Profit Sharing Funds, and Region Investment on Regional Financial Independence in Regency/City at North Sumatra Province During 2019-2023
No full textThe study aims to determine the effect of local revenue, general allocation funds, special allocation funds, and region investment toward regional financial indepence in regency/city at north sumatra province in 2019-2023. The sampling technique used in this study was saturated sampling method with a 33 sample of regencies/city with 165 total observation. The data used was secondary data. Data analysis using panel data regression with the selected model Random Effect Model (REM) with Eviews 12 as data processing tools. The result shoerd that local revenue and region investment has a positive influence on regional financial independence, special allocation fund has negative influence on regional financial independence. Meanwhile, general allocation funds and profit sharing fund has did not have an impact on the regional financial independence.114 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Impact of Notarial Inaccuracy in Drafting Lease Agreements Relate to Lease Periods Exceeding the Duration Stipulated in Management Right Agreements (Reviewed Under the Notary Office Law)
No full textA notary is authorized to draw up an authentic deed for any act or agreement required or desired by the parties. A lease agreement is an agreement between two parties in which one party grants the enjoyment of an item to the other party for a specified period in exchange for payment agreed by the lessee. The research questions are: What are the legal provisions regarding lease agreements drawn up in the form of an authentic deed by a notary based on applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia. What are the obligations and responsibilities of a notary in applying legal provisions to the creation of lease agreements according to the UUJN. What are the legal implications of notary negligence in drawing up lease agreements that stipulate a term exceeding the validity period of the management rights.
This research uses normative legal research with a descriptive and analytical approach. The data sources for this research are secondary and primary data, collected through literature and analyzed qualitatively.
The results of the study indicate that the legal provisions regarding lease agreements made in the form of authentic deeds by notaries based on the applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia are stated in the Civil Code, specifically Article 1320 and Article 1548 to Article 1600, as well as Law No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of Notaries. The obligations and responsibilities of notaries in implementing legal provisions in the preparation of lease agreement deeds according to the UUJN include the obligation to ensure the fulfillment of the legal requirements of the agreement and the legality of the object of the agreement, upholding their position and authority as independent public officials. The legal impact of notary negligence in preparing lease agreement deeds that stipulate a period exceeding the validity period of management rights is very significant for the validity of the deed, legal certainty and protection of the rights of the parties. Therefore, the researcher recommends strengthening the principle of notarial prudence through strict verification of land documents, improving guidelines and supervision by the Supervisory Board, and developing further empirical research to improve notarial regulations and practices.148 PagesTesis Magiste
The Effect of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Azolla and Biosaka on the Growth and Production of Red Onions ( Allium cepa L.)
No full textShallots are a spice vegetable plant that plays a role as a daily complementary spice that has a high nutritional content and can be used as a raw material for medicines. The need for shallots continues to increase along with the increasing population. The use of organic fertilizers such as POC azolla and biosaka can support shallot production. This study aims to determine the effect of growth and production of shallots on the provision of POC Azolla and biosaka. This research was conducted at the Research Land of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra at an altitude of ± 25 meters above sea level starting from July to September 2024. This research used a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 2 treatment factors with 3 replications. The first factor is the dose of POC azolla with 4 levels, namely 0, 30, 60, 90 ml/polybag. The second factor is the concentration of biosaka with 4 levels, namely 0, 1.3, 2.6, 4.0 ml/l of water. The administration of Azolla POC significantly increased the increase in plant length at 3 and 7 week after planting, the number of leaves at 3-7 week after planting, the number of tubers, tuber diameter, relative growth rate at 4-6 week after planting, fresh harvest weight of tubers and selling weight of tubers. The administration of biosaca significantly increased the relative growth rate at 2-8 week after planting. The interaction between the administration of Azolla POC and biosaca significantly increased the relative growth rate at 2-4 week after planting, fresh harvest weight of tubers and selling weight of tubers.99 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
The Effect of Colchicine Administration on Phenotypic Performance and Corn (Zea mays L.) Production of the NK 212 Variety
No full textCorn (Zea mays L.) is the second most important food source for humans
after rice. Lodging is a significant problem for several crops, including corn,
because it causes a decrease in yield. The height of corn plants can affect the level
of lodging. This study aims to determine the effect of colchicine administration on
the phenotypic appearance of corn variety NK 212. This study was conducted on
Jalan Sp. Jerman, Saentis, Kec. Percut Sei Tuan, Deli Serdang Regency, North
Sumatra Province, at an altitude of ± 25 meters above sea level from April 2025 to
July 2025. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 2
treatment factors and 3 replicates. The first factor was colchicine concentration
(K): K0 (0 ppm), K1 (400 ppm), K2 (600 ppm). The second factor is the duration of
immersion (N): N1 (6 hours), N2 (12 hours), N3 (18 hours). The parameters
observed in this study included plant height, stem circumference, flowering age,
leaf area, stomatal density, cob diameter, cob length, fresh cob weight, dry cob
weight, number of seeds per row, and number of rows per cob. Based on the results
of the study, colchicine concentration had a significant effect on plant height and
stem circumference but no significant effect on other parameters. The control (K0)
produced the highest plant height and largest stem circumference, while a
concentration of 400 ppm (K1) produced the lowest plant height and smallest stem
circumference. The duration of colchicine immersion had a very significant effect
on plant height and stem circumference but no significant effect on other
parameters. A 12-hour immersion (N2) resulted in the lowest plant height and
smallest stem circumference. The interaction between a concentration of 400 ppm
and an immersion duration of 18 hours resulted in the lowest plant height.63 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Sensitivity Analysis In The DEA Model With A Fuzzy Approach To Measuring The Environmental Performance Of Housing
No full textSensitivity analysis in DEA models using a fuzzy approach can provide significant
benefits in measuring the environmental performance of housing. This method can
help identify and measure the impact of changes in input and output data on efficiency
scores, enabling more accurate and effective decision-making related to improving en
vironmental management. The research methodology used quantitative methods with
descriptive analysis and data efficiency using DEA with a fuzzy approach using out
put orientation, which aims to measure and assess the level of housing environmental
performance efficiency objectively and realistically, considering the high uncertainty
of the data. The data used is secondary data related to indicators related to housing
environmental sustainability. The results show that of the four Decision Making Units
(DMUs) studied, without using the fuzzy approach, only Helvetia Housing achieved
100% efficiency. Meanwhile, Tuntungan, Martubung, and Johor Housing had effi
ciency values of approximately 85.92%, 88.69%, and 94.87%, respectively. When the
fuzzy approach was applied, the efficiency of Johor and Helvetia Housing remained at
100%, while Tuntungan and Martubung Housing experienced a decrease in efficiency
to 78.22%, indicating a significant level of inefficiency. The results of the sensitivity
analysis using a for Helvetia and Johor Housing were stable. Meanwhile, martubung
and tuntungan experienced a decline in line with the high level of data certainty.
This inefficiency was caused by excessive use of drainage inputs, indicating that the
housing complex was not yet able to produce environmental outputs commensurate
with the inputs used68 PagesTesis Magiste
Comparison of Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Expression Before and After Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients at H Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan
No full textIntroduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in
Indonesia, often diagnosed at advanced stages. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
markers—estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2, and Ki
67—are critical for molecular subtype classification, treatment planning, and
prognosis. Chemotherapy may alter these biomarkers, warranting comparative
evaluation before and after treatment.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 31 breast cancer patients at H.
Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, who underwent chemotherapy from
January 2023 to January 2025. Data from medical records and paraffin blocks
were used to assess ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67 expression pre- and post
chemotherapy. Statistical analysis employed Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test.
Results: Mean patient age was 53.68 years; most had invasive ductal carcinoma
(83.9%), grade 3 tumors (48.4%), and stage III disease (90.3%). The most
common chemotherapy regimen was EC + 5FU (29.03%). Post-chemotherapy,
ER decreased in 61.3% of patients, PR in 61.3%, HER2 in 71%, while Ki-67
increased in 77.4% (all p<0.001). Molecular subtype changes were significant
(p=0.031), with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) increasing to 61.3% after
therapy.
Discussion: Findings suggest chemotherapy can induce substantial molecular
changes via clonal selection, gene regulation shifts, and microenvironmental
effects. Loss of ER/PR and HER2 may reduce responsiveness to targeted or
hormonal therapies, while Ki-67 elevation indicates possible tumor repopulation.
Conclusion: Significant alterations in IHC profiles and molecular subtypes occur
after chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Reassessment of biomarkers post
therapy is essential for optimizing subsequent treatment strategies.
Keywords: breast cancer, immunohistochemistry, chemotherapy, ER, PR, HER2,
Ki-67, molecular subtype71 PagesTesis Magiste
Juridicial Review of the Use of DNA (Deoxrybo Nucleic Acid) Test Results in the Investigation of the Crime of Rape (A Case Study in the Jurisdiction of the North Sumatra Regional Police)
No full textThe crime of rape continues to increase and requires strong evidence in the law enforcement process. Developments in forensic science, such as DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) testing, can assist in evidentiary processes due to their high level of accuracy. However, the implementation of DNA test results in the investigation of rape cases still faces juridical and technical challenges. This study examines the legal regulation regarding the use of DNA test results in criminal investigations under positive law in Indonesia, the mechanism for collecting and requesting DNA examinations in criminal investigations, and the implementation, obstacles, and efforts to address these challenges in the investigation of rape cases within the jurisdiction of the North Sumatra Regional Police. The research method used in this study is normative legal research employing statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The data used consist of secondary data supported by primary data. Secondary data were obtained through literature studies, while primary data were obtained through interviews with officers of the North Sumatra Regional Police. The results of this study indicate that the use of DNA testing in criminal investigations in Indonesia already has a legal basis, although it is not explicitly regulated in the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). Nevertheless, DNA test results may be classified as documentary evidence or expert testimony. Their legal standing is strengthened through Law Number 20 of 2025, Law Number 2 of 2002, Regulation of the Chief of Police Number 8 of 2018, Regulation of the Chief of Police Number 10 of 2009, Regulation of the Chief of Police Number 12 of 2011, and Regulation of the Chief of Police Number 6 of 2019. The process of collecting and examining DNA samples is conducted in accordance with forensic procedures as regulated in Regulation of the Chief of Police Number 10 of 2009. In practice, particularly in rape cases within North Sumatra Regional Police, DNA testing has proven effective in uncovering material truth, although internal and external obstacles remain. These challenges are addressed through improvements in facilities, human resources, inter-agency coordination, and persuasive approaches.171 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Preliminary Design Of An Ethylene Dichloride (Edc) Plant Using Ethanol As Feedstock, Using Ethanol Dehydration And Ethylene Oxychlorination Using A Combination Of Copper, Potassium, Magnesium, And Lanthanum Catalysts, With Capacity Of 10,000 Tons/Year
No full textEthylene Dichloride (EDC) is a compound used as a precursor on Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) manufacturing, which primarily used on plastic pipe manufacturing industry. EDC primarily synthesized from Ethylene gas, which non-renewable organic, therefore an alternative feedstock required, that is Ethanol, which easily mass produced. Ethylene Dichloride manufacturing plant preliminary designed to use Ethanol as main Feedstock with capacity of 10.00 Ton/Year, operated 330 days per year. Processes include Ethanol Dehydration, Ethylene Oxychlorination and Product Purification with Distillation. The Plant was planned to be built at Trimulyo Mataram, Seputih Mataram Subdistrict, Middle Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, with required manpower of 190 persons and Limited Liability Company model. Economy Analysis result shows that with capital investment of Rp.419.452.614.700 and production cost of Rp. 310.338.650.861, total sale of Rp.454.600.000.000 and clean profit of Rp.106.897.659.712 gave Profit Margin of 35,15 %, Return on Investment of 25,49 %, Return on Network of 42,48 % dan Internal Rate of Return of 17,96 %. The Plant projected to have Break Even Point at 43,45 % of total capacity, with investment return as long as 3 year and 11 months. Based on said result, the plant is worthy to be established.449 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Analysis of Mangrove Beach Visitor Development Strategy to Increase Coastal Community Income
No full textThe Mangrove Beach of Kampung Nipah is known as a tourist area that not only
offers beautiful coastal scenery but also functions as a center for mangrove forest
conservation. Therefore, a further analysis suggests it can increase the income of
coastal communities through visitor development strategies at the Mangrove
Beach natural tourist destination. As a nature-based ecotourism area, the
Mangrove Beach holds great potential in attracting tourists and supporting the
local economy. This research aims to analyze the visitor development strategies
implemented at Mangrove Beach Kampung Nipah and to examine their impact on
increasing the income of coastal communities in the area. The research method
used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques
including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that
effective development strategies include strengthening nature-based tourist
attractions, promoting through social media, enhancing the role of Tourism
Awareness Groups (Pokdarwis), and developing tourism-supporting infrastructure
and facilities. These strategies have a positive impact on increasing the number of
visitors and directly contribute to community income through various creative
economic activities. This study recommends the importance of collaboration
between the government, local communities, and tourism stakeholders to promote
sustainable tourism development in coastal areas52 PagesKertas Karya Diplom
Relationship Between Liver Fibrosis Index (FIB-4) and the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation Among HFrEF Patients in Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan
No full textIntroduction: Liver fibrosis, which results from chronic congestion in heart failure, indicates a systemic inflammatory response that may lead to atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation (AF). The Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index is a non-invasive tool for assessing hepatic fibrosis. It could serve as a valuable predictor for AF in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), offering a practical approach for early risk stratification. This study aims to explore the relationship between the FIB-4 score and the incidence of AF in HFrEF patients hospitalized at Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, providing valuable insights to inform clinical practice and improve patient outcomes Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 130 HFrEF patients. FIB-4 scores were computed using age, AST, ALT, and platelet count, while AF was diagnosed via electrocardiogram. We utilized chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression to analyze the relationship between fibrosis grade and AF occurrence. Results: The average age of participants was 59 years, with males constituting 56.2%. AF was present in 65 patients (50%). The mean FIB-4 score was 2.49, with 22.3% exhibiting low fibrosis, 42.3% moderate fibrosis, and 35.4% high fibrosis. A significant association was found between FIB-4 fibrosis grade and AF (p=0.002). Patients with moderate fibrosis had a 4.951-fold increased risk (OR 4.951; 95% CI 1.742–14.073; p=0.003), while those with high fibrosis had a 5.649-fold increased risk (OR 5.649; 95% CI 1.936–16.483; p=0.002) compared to low fibrosis patients. Conclusion: The FIB-4 score significantly correlates with AF occurrence in HFrEF patients, although further prospective studies are needed to establish causality. Its potential as a simple, cost-effective, and non-invasive screening tool for identifying those at higher risk for AF warrants consideration in clinical practice.110 PagesTesis Magiste