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US CO2 emissions and IPCC components: Evidence of persistence using fractional integration
Full text linkThis paper investigates the persistence of CO2 emissions in the US and per Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) category contribution, evaluating its persistence across time (1970–2022). The structure of the integration factor and major structural breaks are examined to determine the degree of persistence across sectors and to assess policy effectiveness. Empirical results show clear evidence of persistence and non-mean reversion patterns in the long-term CO2 emissions in all sectors; though, log-data show weak mean reversion across global bioenergetic emissions and fossil manufacturing-civil airline emissions. Moreover, structural breaks results suggest that these breaks are mostly related to economic shocks rather than to environmental policies. Excepting Road and Transportation, all IPCC sectors show decreasing emission patterns since 2000. Thus, this persistent profile would suggest that emissions from these sectors would maintain this decreasing pattern in the future. However, Road and Transportation (29 % of total emissions) exhibit a different growing pattern, that suggests further increases if no additional measures are taken. Therefore, to accomplish IPCC commitments, more efforts are recommended with a special focus in the Road and Transportation sector to change the long-term US CO2 emission pattern.Empres
O poder de compra do estado como um instrumento de políticas públicas de desenvolvimento sustentáve
Full text linkA contratação pública emerge como uma ferramenta estratégica com múltiplas facetas, desempenhando papéis cruciais no âmbito das políticas públicas, mostrando-se fundamental para uma administração responsiva capaz de planejar e promover o desenvolvimento sustentável da gestão governamental. Este artigo propõe-se a explorar duas perspectivas fundamentais relacionadas à contratação pública: sua função como instrumento de políticas públicas e sua contribuição para o planejamento e desenvolvimento sustentável da gestão pública.
O problema que conduz essa investigação é: quais os ganhos para a governança pública a compreensão da contratação pública como um instrumento de políticas públicas, fundamental para o planejamento e desenvolvimento sustentável? A hipótese central é que a contratação pública, como instrumento de políticas públicas, desempenha um papel essencial na implementação das estratégias governamentais para abordar questões sociais, econômicas e políticas. Ao adotar uma abordagem que considera os objetivos e diretrizes estabelecidos pelo Estado, a contratação pública se torna um meio eficaz para direcionar recursos e esforços na busca pelo bem comum e pela promoção do interesse público. Neste contexto, é fundamental explorar como os processos de contratação pública podem ser alinhados com as políticas governamentais para maximizar seu impacto e eficácia na consecução dos objetivos estabelecidos.
Além disso, busca-se demostrar em um segundo tópico, como a contratação pública também desempenha um papel significativo no planejamento e desenvolvimento sustentável da gestão pública. Ao adotar práticas que promovem a transparência, eficiência e responsabilidade na gestão dos recursos públicos, a contratação pública pode contribuir para a melhoria da governança e para o alcance de resultados mais sustentáveis a longo prazo.
Propor esse olhar mais complexo e integrado da contratação pública com os problemas centrais da administração pública e focado nos seus compromissos constitucionais através das políticas públicas é o tema central da abordagem do presente ensaio.Ciencias Jurídica
Competitive Anxiety, Sports Injury, and Playing Category in Youth Soccer Players
Full text linkBackground: Adolescence is a critical period of physical, psychological, and social develop ment, during which athletes are particularly vulnerable to stress and injuries. Competitive
anxiety has been identified as a psychological factor that may increase injury risk; however,
its role among young soccer players remains underexplored. Objectives: This study aimed
to analyse the association between competitive anxiety and injury vulnerability in young
male soccer players aged 10 to 15 years. Methods: A total of 322 male soccer players
from youth categories (Alevin, Infantil, and Cadete) participated. Competitive anxiety
was assessed using the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2), and injury data were collected via
a self-reported questionnaire covering the 2024–2025 season. Descriptive, comparative,
and correlational analyses were conducted using non-parametric tests. Results: A high
incidence of injuries was observed, increasing progressively with age category. In the
overall sample, injuries were associated with higher levels of Somatic Anxiety, as well as
with age and sporting experience, variables also linked to increased Worry and reduced
Distraction. When analysed by category, no significant associations between anxiety and
injury were found in Alevin players. In the Infantil group, injury incidence showed a slight
increase with age and experience, but no association with anxiety was detected. Among
Cadete players, injuries were positively related to Somatic Anxiety and Distraction, high lighting the influence of psychological factors at this developmental stage. Conclusions:
These findings underscore the relevance of competitive anxiety, particularly Worry and
Distraction, as risk factors for injury in youth soccer. The implementation of preventive
psychological interventions and ongoing monitoring is recommended to reduce anxiety
levels and injury vulnerability, thereby promoting safer and healthier athletic development
among young soccer playersPsicología y Ciencias de la Salu
Social Media Use and Digital Self-Perception in University Students
Full text linkThis study examines how social media use relates to university students’ digital selfperception
within the framework of sustainable education and the Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs 3 and 4). A quantitative, cross-sectional design was applied to a sample
of 261 undergraduate students from CES Don Bosco (Madrid, Spain), with a response rate
of 24.4%. Participants (75.1% women; age range 18–44) completed a 36-item instrument
developed for this study. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) identified three dimensions
with adequate internal consistency—social comparison and influence on self-image,
approval seeking and digital authenticity, and digital dependence and anxiety—while
two additional dimensions showed insufficient reliability and were considered exploratory
only. Non-parametric analyses (Spearman’s rho and Mann–Whitney U) revealed significant
associations between earlier digital initiation, longer daily connection time, and higher
scores in comparison, approval seeking, and digital dependence. Women reported higher
levels in these dimensions, although effect sizes were small to moderate. Because the
design was correlational, these results do not imply causality. The findings offer preliminary
empirical support for an analytical model of digital self-perception and highlight the
importance of integrating emotional and critical dimensions of digital competence into
higher education to promote students’ digital well-being.Educació
Empowering future business leaders: integrating icf coaching competencies in undergraduate education
Full text linkIn recent years, coaching has gained recognition as a powerful developmental tool in various professional fields, including business education. This study explores the implementation of coaching techniques to develop the 8 core competencies defined by the International Coach Federation (ICF) in undergraduate Business Administration students. By integrating coaching methodologies into the curriculum, the research aims to enhance students' professional skills and prepare them for the dynamic challenges of the business world. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to assess the impact of coaching interventions on students' competency development. Data were collected from a cohort of final-year Business Administration students who participated in a semester-long coaching program. The findings reveal significant improvements in students' abilities across the ICF competencies, particularly in areas such as active listening, powerful questioning, and facilitating growth. Challenges encountered during implementation included initial resistance to self-reflection, varying levels of student engagement, and the need for faculty training in coaching techniques. The results support the effectiveness of coaching as a pedagogical strategy in business education, equipping future professionals with essential soft skills and a growth mindset. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on innovative teaching methods in higher education and offers practical insights for educators seeking to integrate coaching principles into business curricula.Empres
The equality of people as a fundamental principle
No full textLa igualdad de todas las personas es un principio universal, sin embargo, nos encontramos una sociedad donde las personas con discapacidad se encuentran con obstáculos de tipo físico, pero sobre todo con barreras a la hora de acceder a la formación y a un empleo. Es importante destacar la lucha contra la desigualdad desde las organizaciones internacionales, pero también desde las instituciones educativas en nuestro país se debe hacer hincapié en impulsar acciones para reducir la desigualdad de las personas con discapacidad en todos los ámbitos. La discriminación es una herramienta de los Estados para garantizar la plena inclusión en todos los ámbitos de la sociedad de las personas con discapacidad.Equality for all people is a universal principle, however, we find ourselves in a society where people with disabilities encounter physical obstacles, but above all, barriers when it comes to accessing training and employment. It is important to highlight the fight against inequality from international organizations, but also from educational institutions in our country, emphasis must be placed on promoting actions to reduce inequality for people with disabilities in all areas. Discrimination is a tool of States to guarantee the full inclusion of people with disabilities in all areas of society.Ciencias Jurídica
Madres y micro-influencers: un nuevo perfil para las marcas en Instagram
Full text linkEl marketing de influencers se ha convertido en una herramienta fundamental en la actividad publicitaria. Al mismo tiempo, se ha generalizado la aparición de menores en redes sociales debido a su presencia en los canales de sus padres, como es el caso de las madres micro-influencers (aquellas con menos de 100.000 seguidores). El estudio se centra en comprender sus estrategias de comunicación y engagement a partir de un análisis exploratorio de la actividad en Instagram de cinco micro-influencers durante cinco meses (de agosto a diciembre de 2022), con 276 posts analizados. La investigación muestra que, al igual que las instamoms, los perfiles estudiados cuentan con la presencia de varias marcas que emplean diferentes técnicas publicitarias, careciendo de transparencia en sus relaciones comerciales con ellas. La mayoría de las publicaciones que incluyen presencia de marcas no muestran ninguna advertencia relacionada con una colaboración comercial. Las marcas de moda están presentes en un mayor número de ocasiones, pero el sector de la alimentación es el más preocupante, ya que promociona productos poco saludables. En cuanto a la presencia de menores, juegan un papel esencial al aparecer en las publicaciones que más gustan y en las comerciales. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto el uso de menores en perfiles que incumplen las principales normativas del sector pero donde también existe una gran actividad publicitaria y falta de transparencia por parte de los micro-influencers y las marcas.Comunicació
Videojuegos, funcionamiento ejecutivo y atención plena: estudio exploratorio comparativo entre jugadores y no jugadores de League of Legends
Full text linkEstudios previos han evidenciado que jugar a League of Legends (LoL) mejora ciertas capacidades y habilidades que pueden ser entrenadas. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación y el carácter predictivo del funcionamiento ejecutivo en la atención plena (mindfulness) disposicional en una muestra compuesta de jugadores y no jugadores de LoL. Los resultados reflejan que los jugadores presentan una menor capacidad para focalizar actividades del momento presente en su vida diaria, una mayor ausencia de juicio y una menor predisposición que los no jugadores a proceder con atención plena. En este grupo se aprecia una tendencia mayor a presentar problemas relacionados con el control emocional, el control ejecutivo y el posible desarrollo de síntomas prefrontales. Se concluye que LoL es un videojuego que requiere de la utilización de muchas capacidades cognitivas, entre ellas la alta demanda sobre las funciones ejecutivas del usuario, factor que parece interferir con la capacidad de atención plena más allá de la pantalla. Esto indica una posible vulnerabilidad en los jugadores a presentar con mayor probabilidad síntomas prefrontales.Previous studies have shown that playing League of Legends (LoL) improves
certain abilities and trainable skills. The aim of this study was to analyze the
relationship and predictive value of executive functioning in dispositional
mindfulness in a sample composed of LoL gamers and non-gamers. The results
revealed that the gamers had less ability to focus on present-moment activities in
their daily lives, were more judgmental in their inner experience, and were less
disposed to proceed with mindfulness than were the non-gamers. The gamers
showed greater tendency toward presenting problems related to emotional
control, executive control, and a possible development of prefrontal symptoms. We
concluded that the video game LoL requires the use of many cognitive abilities,
including a high demand on the user's executive functions, a factor that seems to interfere with one’s capacity for mindfulness away from the screen. Gamers may
therefore experience a possible vulnerability to presenting prefrontal symptoms,
and greater likelihood of their development.Psicología y Ciencias de la Salu
Enseñanza de mercados financieros en alumnos de ADE: conversión del aula en una gestora de inversiones
No full textEl mundo de la educación ha sido históricamente un reflejo de las tendencias, demandas y transformaciones de la sociedad. Esta capacidad adaptativa ha permitido que el aprendizaje evolucione y se moldee de acuerdo con los requerimientos cambiantes de la época. El ámbito académico de los Mercados Financieros, en particular, ha estado en el epicentro de una revolución pedagógica sin precedentes, llevando a los educadores y estudiantes por un viaje de descubrimiento y reinvención.
Durante décadas, la enseñanza en programas como el de Administración y Dirección de Empresas (ADE) se ha basado en un paradigma predominantemente teórico. Estas aulas eran venerables santuarios del conocimiento, pero con frecuencia, se encontraban aisladas del bullicio y la volatilidad del mundo financiero real. Mientras que la teoría es esencial, el reconocimiento de su limitada aplicabilidad en escenarios prácticos llevó a críticas y demandas de un cambio.Empres
Confianza legítima y seguridad jurídica: la perspectiva comparada
No full textLa confianza legítima es un principio que se ha incorporado, de forma vertical u horizontal, en diferentes ordenamientos jurídicos, muchas veces con bases jurídicas diferentes, partiendo del derecho privado para aterrizar en el derecho público. Sin embargo, fue el constitucionalismo multinivel el que contribuyó para situar la figura en estudio en el centro de las construcciones doctrinales y jurisprudenciales. Especialmente, en los ordenamientos de derecho administrativo, su evolución en el derecho público se produce esencialmente a través de la actividad de los jueces, sin descartar que, en algunos ordenamientos europeos, los datos constitucionales y legislativos sobre el procedimiento administrativo, han apoyado esa labor jurisprudencial. Pues bien, este trabajo plantea una perspectiva de derecho comparado para analizar y entender el principio de la confianza legitima y la seguridad jurídica en el constitucionalismo de Inglaterra, Estados Unidos, Francia, Bélgica, España y PortugalLegitimate trust is a principle that has been incorporated, vertically or horizontally, in different legal systems, often with different legal bases, starting from private law to reach public law. However, it was multilevel constitutionalism that contributed to placing such figure at the center of doctrinal and jurisprudential constructions. Especially, in administrative law systems, its evolution in public law occurs essentially through the activity of judges, without ruling out that, in some European systems, constitutional and legislative data on the administrative procedure have supported this jurisprudential work. This work proposes a comparative law perspective to analyze and understand the principle of legitimate trust and legal security in the constitutionalism of England, the United States, France, Belgium, Spain and Portugal.Ciencias Jurídica