Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai
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Political Union Without Religious Unity? Debates and Projects Around the Confessional Union of Romanians in the Interwar Period
Get PDFThe present study debates the issue of biconfessionalism among the Romanians during the interwar period and the solutions proposed by different opinion leaders for achieving religious union between the Greek-Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church. The ideological and symbolic valences of Orthodoxy in the Old Romanian Kingdom and the fortified status of the Orthodox Church in the interwar period were taken into account. The public discourse surrounding the Greek-Catholic Church was analysed, as an institution that had, in fact, fulfilled its role with the union of all Romanians in 1918. The present study discusses several of the primary projects for the union of the two Romanian Churches formulated by public figures, such as Onisifor Ghibu or Marius Theodorian-Carada, in addition to the findings of a series of sociological investigations regarding the issue of the religious unification of Romanians.
Rezumat: Prezentul studiu dezbate problema biconfesionalismului în rândul românilor în perioada interbelică și soluțiile propuse de diferiți lideri de opinie pentru realizarea unirii religioase dintre Biserica Greco-Catolică și Biserica Ortodoxă. Au fost luate în considerare valențele ideologice și simbolice ale Ortodoxiei în Vechiul Regat și statutul consolidat al Bisericii Ortodoxe în perioada interbelică. A fost analizat discursul public referitor la Biserica Greco-Catolică, ca instituție care, de fapt, și-a îndeplinit rolul odată cu unirea tuturor românilor în 1918. Prezentul studiu discută câteva dintre proiectele de unire a celor două Biserici Românești formulate de personalități publice, precum Onisifor Ghibu sau Marius Theodorian-Carada, pe lângă concluziile unei serii de investigații sociologice privind problema unificării religioase a românilor.
Cuvinte-cheie: Identitate națională, proiecte de unire confesională, români ortodocși, români greco-catolici, diviziune religioas
Daniela Stanciu-Păscărița, Loisir în vremuri de pace și război. Germanii din Sibiu și Timișoara [Loisir in times of peace and war. The Germans in Sibiu and Timișoara], Cluj-Napoca, Mega, 2024, 340 p.
Get PDFLa Belle Époque continues to exert a unique fascination, both in historiography, literature or visual arts, regardless of the geographical setting where the research or narrative takes place. It is as if, even a century later, we are still living with the psychological aftermath of the Great War, still orienting ourselves chronologically through a "before" (a patriarchal world where modernity emerged slowly) and an "after" (a time of triumphant, accelerated modernity on all fronts, though one whose fast-forward momentum conceals the sinister grin of interwar extremisms and looming war). Recent historiography of the Habsburg Monarchy—including notable Romanian contributions—has made a credible case (and the evidence continues to grow) that in order to understand the collapse of the modern empires, it is not enough to analyse only the breaks and ruptures; one must also recover and examine the continuities. However, in Romanian historiography—particularly in works focused on the Great War—less attention has been paid to the continuities of the prewar era: how individuals and institutions adapted to a state of conflict and managed to preserve everyday structures in their least altered forms. This is precisely what Dana Stanciu’s book does, taking on a compelling subject: leisure—the daily use of free time—in two southeastern cities of the Habsburg Monarchy with predominantly German communities: Sibiu / Hemannstadt / Nagyszeben and Timișoara / Temeschwar / Temesvár, in the decades before the First World War, during the war years, and in some cases, even into the early interwar period. The volume builds on the author’s doctoral dissertation and retains much of its structure, providing readers with a substantial introductory chapter, where sources and relevant historiography are discussed, the conceptual and methodological framework is laid out, and the anthropological perspective underpinning the work is brought into focus. Throughout the entire book, the author consistently shows how the historian—particularly one focused on urban life—can and should be an anthropologist as well. The reconstruction of daily life she offers (drawn from hundreds of fragments of documents, newspaper notices, ego-documents, and letters) revolves around people— “everyday people,” “ordinary individuals” in all their social diversity, the kinds of persons you might have met and interacted with if time travel, in defiance of scientific laws, were possible
A Pastime for the Emotions. Different Approaches to Interpreting Private Photo Albums
Get PDFFrom the 1980s onward, with the rise of feminist art history, a new type of discourse emerged in art history that enabled the exploration of family and private imagery while legitimizing research on topics within a broader socio-historical context. Although these concepts had surfaced earlier, feminist art historians were pivotal in highlighting the links between gender constructs and artistic works, including their interpretation and legacy. Consequently, research into the social aspects of art and creation began to gain momentum in the 1980s and 1990s, and the practical application of these findings expanded in the twenty-first century. By the 2000s, museum, archiving, and collecting practices increasingly began to focus on female artists and art related to women. My interest in feminist art history research led me to engage with its concepts and perspectives, making their use essential for me.
Rezumat: Începând cu anii 1980, odată cu apariția istoriei artei feministe, a apărut un nou tip de discurs în istoria artei, care a permis explorarea imaginii familiei și a vieții private, legitimând în același timp cercetarea unor teme într-un context socio-istoric mai larg. Deși aceste concepte apăruseră mai devreme, istoricii feminiști de artă au jucat un rol esențial în evidențierea legăturilor dintre construcțiile de gen și operele artistice, inclusiv interpretarea și moștenirea acestora. În consecință, cercetarea aspectelor sociale ale artei și creației a început să câștige avânt în anii 1980 și 1990, iar aplicarea practică a acestor descoperiri s-a extins în secolul XXI. Până în anii 2000, practicile muzeale, de arhivare și colecționare au început să se concentreze din ce în ce mai mult pe artistele femei și pe arta legată de femei. Interesul meu pentru cercetarea istoriei artei feministe m-a determinat să mă implic în conceptele și perspectivele sale, făcând utilizarea lor esențială pentru mine.
Cuvinte cheie: analiză de album; artă feministă; fotografie; Transilvania
« Le travail de l’historien constitue en somme un défi, d’autant plus difficile que les objets d’étude sont évanescents »
Get PDFRenzo Guardenti est professeur d’Histoire du théâtre à l’Université de Florence. Il a enseigné comme professeur invité à l’Institut d’Études Théâtrale de l’Université de Paris 3-Sorbonne Nouvelle, à l’Université de Caen-Basse Normandie. Spécialiste d’iconographie théâtrale, ses recherches se sont concentrées sur la Commedia dell’Arte en France et le Théâtre de la Foire, sur l’iconographie d’acteur entre XVIIe et XIXe siècle. Il dirige l’archive numérique d’iconographie théâtrale Dionysos (Département SAGAS, Université de Florence), la collection Quaderni di Dionysos (Bulzoni editore) et la revue « Drammaturgia ». Parmi ses écrits on peut signaler les volumes Gli italiani a Parigi. La Comédie Italienne (1660-1697). Storia, pratica scenica, iconografia, Roma, Bulzoni, 1990; Le fiere del teatro. Percorsi del teatro forain del primo Settecento. Con una scelta di commedie rappresentate alle Foires Saint-Germain e Saint-Laurent (1711-1715), Roma, Bulzoni, 1995; Attori di carta. Motivi iconografici dall’antichità all’Ottocento, Roma, Bulzoni, 2005; Sguardi sul teatro. Saggi di iconografia teatrale, Roma, Bulzoni, 2008; In forma di quadro. Note di iconografia teatrale, Imola, Cue Press, 2020; Atlante iconografico. La Commedia dell’Arte, Corazzano (Pisa), Titivillus, 2023
Threshold results of blow-up solutions to Kirchhoff equations with variable sources
Get PDFThis paper analyzes an initial boundary value problem for variable source Kirchhoff-type parabolic equations. We aim to derive a new sub-critical energy threshold for finite-time blow-up, a new blow-up condition, and estimates for lifespan and upper bounds for blow-up time across various initial energy cases.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 35B40, 35B44, 35K55
Received 17 February 2025; Accepted 01 June 2025
The Transfer of Information as a Principle of Musical Creation: Between Data and Meaning (I)
Get PDF This study explores how information transfer shapes contemporary musical creation. It examines the dynamic relationship between composer, performer, and audience, emphasizing that music is not merely a technical process but a continuous exchange of meaning. The study highlights Gustav Mahler’s Symphony No. 1 and Rautavaara’s Cantus Arcticus as examples of reinterpretation and contextual transformation. It introduces the Informational Transfer Device (ITD) concept, illustrating how musical ideas evolve through multiple agents. The paper also addresses the ontological role of information in music, drawing on Aristotelian causality and modern information theory. Furthermore, it explores perception, interpretation, and cultural context in musical reception, comparing these mechanisms to the Kuleshov Effect in cinematography. Finally, the study offers practical applications for composers and performers, demonstrating how informational transfer principles can enhance expressivity, audience engagement, and interdisciplinary artistic collaborations
Artificial Intelligence and Voice Modeling: Cutting-edge Technology in Music Production
Get PDFThis article reports on some of the benefits that Artificial Intelligence has brought during the renaissance of AI science. It also reveals a few of the shortcomings surrounding it from 2010 until the beginning of 2025. The examples provided reflect our approaches regarding AI, motivating us to present them here briefly. The article reinforces that responsible development and integration of Artificial Intelligence in music is a priority
THE ARTISTIC POTENTIAL OF CHORAL CONDUCTING IN CONTEMPORARY UKRAINE
Get PDFRecording technologies and information and communication technologies, like the modern world, are transforming in line with the challenges. The changes introduced relate not only to clearly defined technological areas but are also aimed at the aesthetic component of business education and art education in general. Ukrainian choral art has rich traditions that arose under the influence of folk music, whose roots go back to the period of paganism (VI–X centuries), as well as Orthodox singing, which was borrowed from Byzantium after the adoption of Christianity in the tenth century. Advancements in information technology have greatly impacted the creation and distribution of sound recordings, while also fostering a deeper exploration of educational techniques. This study focuses on contemporary conducting and choral art. The main goal of the work is to analyze new perspectives and find out how information and communication technologies have influenced the formation and evolution of conducting and choral activities in Ukraine. As part of the methodological approach to the study, a comparative and structural analysis was applied, including the processing of statistical data on choral performances on the YouTube platform, as well as an analysis of the use of modern technologies in Ukrainian music institutions based on open sources. The results of the study show that videos of performances by professional Ukrainian choirs posted on YouTube receive millions of views, while student and children’s groups receive hundreds of thousands. Although these developments offer significant advantages for discussing modern communication methods in choral music, they remain less popular than mainstream pop music, despite their potential to reach a much wider audience. Despite the active development of distance learning, its impact on choral art remains insignificant. Studies have shown that modern information and communication technologies cannot fully ensure the coordinated interaction of a choral ensemble due to the delay in digital signal transmission in the network. For this reason, conventional approaches like in-person rehearsals and live performances continue to be essential for achieving high-quality choral renditions
EDUCATING UPCOMING ART INSTRUCTORS IN COMBINED TEACHING METHODS AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL
Get PDFThe relevance of the study is determined by the need to modernise the training of future art teachers through blended learning, which allows for an effective combination of traditional and digital technologies, taking into account modern educational requirements and the peculiarities of artistic activity. The study under scrutiny here sets out to highlight the specifics of the implementation of blended learning in the system of higher pedagogical education. In particular, it focuses on the role of this implementation in the formation of the professional competences of future art teachers. In this regard, the study involves analysing methodological approaches to the integration of digital tools into the educational process. Furthermore, it involves evaluating the effectiveness of combining online lectures and virtual master classes with practical work in art studios. In these studios, students have the opportunity to experiment with materials and translate theoretical knowledge into specific creative projects. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the factors that contribute to methodological competence in the context of blended learning. In particular, it emphasises the necessity of systematic enhancement of the quality of art education through the utilisation of contemporary digital platforms for the organisation of collaborative projects, the creation of interactive learning materials, and the application of innovative pedagogical approaches. The article proposes an integrated model of art teacher training that combines adaptive digital resources, online consultations with leading experts, interactive workshops that utilise artificial intelligence to analyse creative works, and individualised educational trajectories that consider each student’s unique creative potential
MEANING AS A SOUND-PARAMETER IN LUIGI NONO’S WORK: A DIALECTICS OF ‘PHONETIC-SEMANTIC STRUCTURE’
Get PDFIn their text-music relationship, Luigi Nono’s compositions, as early as the late 1950s, integrate words as a full-fledged sound parameter, in their capacity as sounds laden with sense and according to a gradual variety from the pure phoneme to the pure moneme to ambivalent formants. In the light of the theory developed by the Venetian composer in his 1960 lecture ‘Text-Music-Singing’, and of some writings by Jacques Derrida with which this paper comes in resonance, the present study attempts to demonstrate the particular status of words in Luigi Nono’s vocal music, and the precise use of their senses as a sound parameter in itself, through the analysis of the Cori di Didone and the Fabbrica illuminata