Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai
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Developing Environmental Awareness and Stewardship by Multimodal Exploration of the Natural World with the Means of Digital Technologies
Get PDFCurrent and acute environmental problems highlight the need to develop educational approaches that can foster both environmental awareness and stewardship. Although environmental education has advanced in recent years and is increasingly supported by policy and legislation, literature continues to point to a gap in terms of transferring knowledge into practice. Considering this gap, the purpose of this article is to propose a conceptual model for developing environmental awareness and stewardship in lower secondary education through the multimodal exploration of the natural world supported by digital technologies. The model, constructed through a systematic synthesis of literature, is based on raising environmental awareness and stewardship through the development of scientific, environmental, and digital competences, along with strengthening the connection with the environment through multimodal and digital exploration. To illustrate the model’s applicability, the article presents an example of a practical activity combining multisensory field exploration with digital tools for documenting, identifying, and interpreting environmental phenomena. This example shows how multimodal experiences, supported by technology and structured classroom reflection, can create meaningful contexts for developing competences relevant to environmental responsibility. The article argues that such competence-based, experiential, and digitally enriched approaches offer promising directions for strengthening environmental awareness and stewardship in everyday-school practice
DEGROWTH AND ‘REGROWTH’: SUBJECTIVE PERSPECTIVES OF THE NEW PEASANTS
Get PDFThis paper investigates the emerging phenomenon of neo-rurality in post-socialist Romania through the theoretical lens of degrowth, analyzing the lived experiences of urban-to-rural migrants (“new peasants”) pursuing alternative, sustainability-oriented lifestyles. Combining ethnographic interviews and participant observation, the study reveals how these actors reconfigure notions of labor, consumption, and community while navigating tensions between their aspirational practices and the socio-cultural norms of traditional rural settings. The analysis identifies neo-rural initiatives as sites of ecological experimentation and grassroots innovation, yet critically interrogates their ambivalent role in perpetuating or subverting power hierarchies tied to cultural capital and social class. By foregrounding the dialectics of individual agency and structural constraints, this work contributes to transnational debates on sustainable transitions, emphasizing the need for context-sensitive strategies that reconcile ecological resilience with emancipatory social transformation
István Hatvani – The Natural Philosopher: The Foundation and Application of Hatvani’s Natural Science Knowledge in Higher Education
Get PDFDuring his theological and medical studies and doctoral work in Basel, Hatvani\u27s goal was to acquire deeper mathematical knowledge. Therefore, from the second half of 1747, he attended the lectures of the world-famous mathematician Johann Bernoulli (1667–1748) and then of his son, Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782). Hatvani studied in detail the posthumous work of Jakob Bernoulli (1654–1705), entitled The Art of Conjecture, published in 1713. Learning about the Bernoulli’s groundbreaking work helped him become the first in Hungary to teach probability and mathematical statistics and to perform real statistical calculations. In Leiden, Hatvani mostly attended lectures of physics and presentations of experiments by Pieter van Musschenbroek (1692–1761), who was a student of Newton. He listened to lectures delivered by the astronomer Johannes Lulofs (1711–1768) and the chemist Hieronymus David Gaubius (1705–1780). He gave his inaugural lecture at the Debrecen Reformed College in January 1749, bearing the title De matheseos utilitate in theologia ac in physica necessitate [On the Usefulness of Mathematics in Theology and Its Necessity in Physics]. Hatvani sets out from the assumption that mathematics is the most exact science of all. He acquired the most modern electrical equipment available at the time and used it to present physical experiments to his students. Making use of his chemical studies, Hatvani taught chemistry for the first time in Hungary starting from 1750. In 1777, he published a book on the analysis of the medicinal waters near Nagyvárad (Romanian: Oradea) and the examination of the salts in the vicinity of Debrecen. According to Hatvani, science and religion are independent forms of consciousness. In his eyes, they are equivalent forms of consciousness that presuppose each other in terms of the prosperity of humanity. Hatvani’s position is that he investigates first, then believes, and accepts as true only what he has carefully investigated. With this, he marked his own place on the road to theological rationalism
Value Identity of the Students of the Faculty of Pedagogy
Get PDFAs the predecessor institution of the Faculty of Pedagogy at Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, the Reformed Teacher Training College of Nagykőrös has a long history rooted in centuries-old traditions and a distinct value system. At the time of its re-establishment, these traditions and values shaped the spirit of the curriculum and were emphasized in the Faculty’s teaching, research, and third-mission activities.
Hungarian higher education, as all around the World, focuses on market-oriented values such as indicator-driven output ones, managerial view-based practical values, or practical usage of the degree. The literature states that these values have overcome the traditional values of higher education as the student population itself changes and looks for new and modern, practical face of the sector. Against the backdrop of the ever-changing student population and the emergence of global trends, key questions arise: to what extent traditional values are important for today’s students, and whether value alignment influence their admission choice
Zoltán Tildy and 1919
Get PDFAfter the Second World War, Zoltán Tildy held the offices of Prime Minister of Hungary and later President of the Republic. As a figure of historical significance, his career is the subject of considerable controversy. The central question is why Zoltán Tildy did not take a more robust stance against the nascent communist dictatorship. A number of questions about his life’s journey can be answered by attempting to comprehend his thought process through an earlier historical moment. For the first time since Lenin, a proletarian dictatorship was proclaimed in Hungary. Under Béla Kun’s regime, many people enthusiastically embraced the Soviet Republic, only to be disappointed by it due to several misunderstandings. One of the figures associated with this enthusiasm and early survival technique was Tildy, who is associated with the communist leadership. He established a Reformed organization in Somogy County, called the Pastors’ Trade Union. Furthermore, his life was also marked by the death of his father-in-law from the same period, an episode that is therefore also covered in this paper
(Re)interpreting Spirituality in Everyday Life – A Pastoral-Psychological Approach –
Get PDFThe term “spirituality” is rendered in some of the new Bible translations as “life” for good reason. Spirituality is about enlivening existence, life, the very essence of life, that which makes life into life and manifests itself in our life conduct. Spirituality goes beyond ecclesiastical religiosity, as it is in fact the “longing for a fulfilled life”. This paper aims to outline an interdisciplinary approach to the definition of spirituality while providing guidance on how to “grasp” the phenomenon in everyday life.
The spiritual need of the human being is an anthropological constant, and therefore it can be suppressed but cannot be eliminated. Since the 1990s, there has been a significant[1] “religious climate change” in Europe: religiosity is currently experiencing its renaissance, with the Institute for Pastoral Sociology in Vienna noting a mega-trend in spirituality, a term that has since become widely used.[2] The subjective need for spirituality is strong in the face of, and in spite of, secularization and atheism, which has become less of a conviction and more of a habit.
Thus, spirituality is the archetypal need that is present all around the world, that gives meaning to life, provides security, and helps navigating our everyday lives. In contrast to dogmatic religiosity, which is tied to denominational norms, this form is both individual and plural in its expression, in its rites, and in its morality. Its relationship to health is being studied intensively by medicine and psychology[3] and is becoming an increasingly important topic in theology.[4] At the same time, it has become part of the highest levels of economic and financial systems.[5] The church, welfare work, social work, psychotherapy, and organizational counselling[6] are forced by this revived interest to address the issue of spirituality and to draw conclusions for their own practice.
In this article, we are not going to talk about this “mega-trend” but about individual, personal spirituality. We will attempt to trace the factors that shape the so-called spiritual competence. The path leads through several questions: first, why did the renaissance of spirituality happen when it did, how should we imagine spirituality, and what does it refer to? Another question is as follows: what is it that shapes our spirituality, and to what extent is it possible to find it behind the socialization that which is in us by nature? And, finally, what do the concepts of spiritual competence and spiritual care mean?
[1] Houtman, Dick – Aupers, Stef (2007): The Spiritual Turn and the Decline of Tradition: The Spread of Post-Christian Spirituality in 14 Western Countries, 1981–2000. In: Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 46, 305–320.
[2] A detailed analysis of the current situation: Zulehner, Paul M. (ed.) (2004): Spiritualität – mehr als ein Megatrend. Ostfildern.
[3] They can be divided into three categories: 1) works exploring the concept of spirituality (religion), 2) research on the relationship between spirituality and health (health, patient care), and 3) comprehensive manuals and user guides to the practice of spirituality. An excellent summary of the literature: Städler, Kathrin (n. y.): Spiritualität in ihrer Bedeutung für das Gesundheits- und Sozialwesen. Eine Literaturrecherche. https://www.fh-diakonie.de/obj/Bilder_und_Dokumente/DiakonieCare/FH-D_DiakonieCare_Staedler-K_Spiritualitaet-und-Gesundheitswiss.pdf (last accessed on: 31.10.2019).
[4] While the religious studies still question whether spirituality is a relevant topic for them at all, theology has already begun to address it. E.g.: Peng-Keller, Simon (2010): Einführung in die Theologie der Spiritualität. Darmstadt; Peng-Keller, Simon (2012): Geistbestimmtes Leben: Spiritualität (Studiengang Theologie Bd. XI). Zürich; Stegemann, Wolfgang (2012): Der Heilige Geist und die Sorge um sich. Zur Einordnung der paulinischen Spiritualität. In: Schoenauer, Hermann (ed.): Spiritualität und innovative Unternehmensführung (Dynamisch Leben gestalten 3). Stuttgart. 90–107; Städler n. y.; Grom, Bernhard (2009): Spiritualität – die Karriere eines Begriffs: Eine religionspsychologische Perspektive. In: Frick, Eckhard – Roser, Traugott (eds.): Spiritualität und Medizin. Gemeinsame Sorge für den kranken Menschen. Stuttgart. 12–17.
[5] Städler quotes: Baier, Karl (2006): Spiritualitätsforschung heute. In: Baier, Karl (ed.): Handbuch der Spiritualität. Zugänge, Traditionen, interreligiöse Prozesse. Darmstadt; Schoenauer, Hermann (ed.) (2012): Spiritualität und innovative Unternehmensführung (Dynamisch Leben gestalten 3). Stuttgart; Zimmerling, Peter (2010): Evangelische Spiritualität. Wurzeln und Zugänge. Göttingen; Dahlgrün, C. (2009): Christliche Spiritualität. Formen und Traditionen der Suche nach Gott. M. e. Nachwort v. L. Mödl. Berlin – New York, De Gruyter.
[6] Management theory currently uses the category of “the soul of the organization”
ASPECTE ALE MISTERULUI TRINITAR ÎN RECENT DESCOPERITELE OMILII ORIGENIENE LA PSALMI: In memoriam magistri Isidor Mărtincă, sacerdos
No full textAspects of the Trinitarian Mystery in the Recently Discovered Origenians Homilies on Psalms Four questions had guided their reading: (1) concerning the presence of the vocabulary of participation in the origenian writings, if the fundamental distinction in Origen’s thought is that one between the Creator and the creature, or between the intelligible/spiritual world and sensitive/material world?; (2) in which terms it is expressed the relation between unity and trinity? Here included, the issue of the alleged Origenian’s subordinationism; (3) which are the terms to express the Trinitarian appropriations?, and finally, concerning the question if there is any dominant theme or idea in those homilies (4), that seem to be the divine Paternity.
Cuvinte-cheie: Origen, omilii, psalmi, participare, trinitate, subordonare, dispensar
Ionuț Mihai Popescu, Secularizarea și afirmarea individualismului, Editura Logos 94, Oradea 2029, pp. 220
Get PDFNe aflăm în fața materializării reflecțiilor filosofice personale și a unui program de cercetare care a fost susținut ca teză de doctorat, pe o temă de actualitate în contextul schimbării paradigmei antropologice și a basculării inevitabile înspre epoca culturală de mâine. Autorul, profesorul Ionuț Mihai Popescu, pornește axiomatic de la afirmația lui Ioan Petru Culianu conform căreia „blestemul omenirii este că toate miturile ei sunt deopotrivă de adevărate”, ceea ce incită cititorul spre dezbaterea „clasică” și specifică teologiei fundamentale privind veridicitatea Revelației creștine și raportul creștinismului față de celelalte religii. Lucrarea este sistematizată în patru capitole principale. După introducerea care deschide cadrul conceptual al dezbaterii propuse, capitolul 1, intitulat Teorii curente despre religie, „prezintă influența religiei în formarea identității colective și a celei individuale și raporturile dintre ele”, după cum mărturisește autorul. Deosebit de important este delimitarea și sistematizarea modurilor de abordare a sacrului
Biochar soil amendments affect mycorrhizal colonization, root nodulation and dry matter accumulation in cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)
Get PDF There is increasing demand for renewable inputs to improve soil productivity to satisfy the ever-growing human population. Biochar as a renewable resource has attracted attention over the years as soil amendment, notable for climate change mitigation and crop improvement. This study assessed the impact of pine wood biochar soil amendments on mycorrhizal root colonization, root nodulation, growth and yield of cowpeas in 2017 and 2018. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Biochar was applied with or without inorganic fertilizer (NPK15:15:15), cattle dung and nutrient source control two weeks before planting cowpea. Data on growth parameters, number of nodules, and plant dry matter accumulation were collected. Mycorrhizal colonization and spore counts associated with root nodules were determined under laboratory conditions. The results revealed that biochar amendments significantly affected nodulation, vine length, root length and weight. Percentage improvement was as follows: vine length by 8.8%, number of nodules by 14%, root length by 9.5%, root weight by 5.2% and dry matter accumulation by 92%. Application of NPK improved root length and weight over the control. Stereomicroscopic visualization of the roots indicated high presence of arbuscules in the biochar treatment over the control. Biochar addition is essential for improvement of rhizosphere traits essential for plant growth enhancement.
Article history: Received 24 September 2024; Revised 14 December 2024;Accepted 15 January 2025; Available online 25 June 202
Motor Skills and Motivation Development by Implementing Handball Elements in First Part of Physical Education Lesson
Get PDFIntroduction: Physical education lesson are the ideal environment for educating and consolidating active lifestyle habits that will last throughout the students’ lives. Teachers play a central role in the success and longevity of school-based interventions. Students’ motor skill levels are directly associated with their participation in physical education lessons or movement activities. Motivation is recognized as an important factor related to students engagement and active participation in physical education lessons. Therefore, it might be reasonable to assume that physical education programs will have a more positive impact when students are motivated to participate. Purpose: Through hypothesis testing we wanted to evaluate the effect of the intervention on motor skills and motivation in physical education lessons. Material: Longitudinal experimental study design without control group, number of subjects N=38 subjects from two different classes. The research instrument was a questionnaire composed of 3 subscales and an application trail counted in seconds and number of cumulative points from shots on goal. Results: The results support the tested hypotheses that the intervention will improve motor skills and increase the motivation score, demonstrating that there are significant differences between pre-test and post-test. Conclusion: The ludic character of the physical education lesson can significantly influence the active participation of students in the physical education lesson, also improving the level of motor skills.
REZUMAT. Ameliorarea deprinderilor motrice și a motivației utilizând elemente specifice jocului de handbal în partea introductivă a lecției de educație fizică. Introducere: Orele de educație fizică reprezintă mediul ideal pentru educarea și consolidarea obiceiurilor unui stil de viață activ, care vor dăinui pe tot parcursul vieții elevilor. Profesorii joacă un rol central în succesul și longevitatea intervențiilor bazate pe școală. Nivelul de deprinderi motrice ale elevilor sunt direct asociate cu participarea acestora la lecția de educație fizică sau la activități de mișcare. Motivația este recunoscută ca fiind un factor important legat de implicarea și participarea activă a elevilor la orele de educație fizică. Prin urmare, ar putea fi rezonabil să presupunem că programele de educație fizică vor avea un impact mai pozitiv atunci când elevii sunt motivați să participe. Scop: Prin testarea ipotezelor ne-am dorit să evaluăm efectul intervenției asupra deprinderilor motrice și a motivației în lecția de educație fizică. Material: Design de studiu experimental longitudinal fără grup de control, număr subiecți N=38 alcătuind 2 clase diferite. Instrumentul de cercetare a fost chestionarul compus din 3 subscale și un traseu aplicativ contorizat în secunde și număr de puncte cumulate din aruncările la poartă. Rezultate: Rezultatele susțin ipotezele testate, conform cărora în urma intervenției se vor ameliora deprinderile motrice și va crește scorul motivației, demonstrând faptul că există diferențe semnificative între pre-test și post-test. Concluzii: Caracterul ludic al lecției de educație fizică poate influența semnificativ participarea activă a elevilor în lecția de educație fizică, ameliorând de asemenea nivelul deprinderilor motrice.
Cuvinte-cheie: educație fizică, deprinderi motrice, motivație, handbal
Article history: Received 2025 March 06; Revised 2025 April 25; Accepted 2025 April 2;Available online 2025.03.30; Available print 2025.05.3