Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai
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THE PORTRAIT OF THE ROMANIAN L2 USER AS A YOUNG [ROMANIAN!] MAN
Full text linkThe Portrait of the Romanian L2 User as a Young (Romanian!) Man. The present study represents an attempt to sketch the portrait of a speaker of Romanian as a foreign language - a speaker, however, not at all ordinary, who does not fit into the categories already attested in the literature and who contains, in itself, a linguistic paradox: it refers to a less common, but increasingly numerous, category of young emigrant students of Romanian origin, native speakers of Romanian as an ethnic/heritage language, who have completed their entire pre-university school system in another country and in a language other than Romania/Romanian, and whom we meet as students enrolled in the specialization "Romanian language and literature" at universities abroad, therefore, by default, as a foreign language. Their profile is quite heterogeneous, even within the group, which makes it extremely interesting and challenging for who teaches. The process of creating a schematic, typical portrait of such a learner/speaker requires a necessarily interdisciplinary approach (linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics), and its completion in terms of teaching strategies and methodology is still an open chapter, still being drafted and constantly updated. I should mention that all the data and information on which our analysis will be based are drawn from the experience of teaching Romanian abroad, within the Romanian language lectureship at the Sapienza University of Rome, Italy, and from our own research on this subject carried out in recent years.
Portretul vorbitorului de RL2 ca tânăr român (în străinătate). Studiul de față reprezintă o încercare de creionare a portretului unui vorbitor de limbă română în varianta ei de limbă străină – un vorbitor, însă, deloc obișnuit, care nu intră în categoriile deja atestate în literatura de specialitate și care conține, în sine, un paradox lingvistic: este vorba despre o categorie de studenți mai puțin obișnuită, dar tot mai numeroasă, de tineri emigrați, de origine română, vorbitori nativi de limba română ca limbă etnică/moștenită, care au parcurs întregul sistem școlar pre-universitar într-o altă țară și într-o altă limbă decât România/limba română și pe care îi întâlnim ca studenți înscriși la specializarea „limba și literatura română” la universități din străinătate, deci, implicit, ca limbă străină. Profilul lor este un profil aparte, destul de eterogen chiar și în cadrul grupului, de aceea extrem de interesant și de provocator pentru cel de la catedră. Procesul de creionare a unui portret schematic, tip, al unui astfel de student/vorbitor presupune o abordare obligatoriu interdisciplinară (lingvistică, sociolingvistică, psiholingvistică), iar completarea lui, din punctul de vedere al strategiilor și al metodologiei didactice rămâne, încă, un capitol deschis, în curs de redactare și de actualizare continuă. Menționez că toate datele și informațiile pe care se va baza analiza noastră sunt extrase din experiența personală de predare a limbii române în străinătate, în cadrul lectoratului de limba română de la Universitatea Sapienza din Roma, Italia și din cercetările proprii pe acest subiect întreprinse în ultimii ani.
Cuvinte-cheie: limbă maternă, heritage language, migrație, achiziție, învățare, limbă străină, predare
Article history: Received 23 January 2025; Revised 18 March 2025; Accepted 7 April 2025; Available online 10 June 2025; Available print 30 June 2025
THE DESIGN OF TEACHING MATERIALS FOR ONLINE INTERACTION ACTIVITIES WITH THE HELP OF CHATGPT: THE CASE OF ROMANIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Full text linkThe Design of Teaching Materials for Online Interaction Activities with the Help of ChatGPT: The Case of Romanian as a Foreign Language. This study explores the role of ChatGPT, the most widely used current chatbot, in designing teaching materials for modern language instruction, with a focus on Romanian as a foreign language (RFL). The research aims to assess the usefulness and capabilities of this AI tool from the perspective of the teacher as a curriculum designer. The linguistic activity under analysis—online interaction—was only recently included in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), Companion Volume (2018), and involves a multimodal approach to communication. Within this framework, the study investigates how CEFR grids for online interaction can be effectively used to create didactic scenarios tailored to international learners of Romanian. By applying techniques such as the "funnel strategy" and "progressive-hint prompting", the research generated a series of B1-level instructional activities with the help of ChatGPT, simulating authentic online communication contexts (e.g., collaborating in a chat group to plan an event). The results show that, under teacher guidance, ChatGPT can be an effective partner in designing interactive, relevant, and motivating materials that enhance learners’ ability to engage in real-life online interactions. The study highlights both the potential and the current limitations of AI-assisted material development, emphasizing the need for a critical and reflective approach to using such tools in language education.
REZUMAT. Designul materialelor în activitatea de interacțiune online cu ajutorul lui chatgpt. Cazul românei ca limbă străină. Studiul investighează rolul pe care ChatGPT, cel mai utilizat chatbot actual, îl poate avea în proiectarea materialelor didactice pentru predarea limbilor moderne, cu accent pe româna ca limbă străină (RLS). Cercetarea își propune să evalueze utilitatea și competențele acestui instrument de inteligență artificială, din perspectiva profesorului ca autor de curriculum. Activitatea lingvistică analizată – interacțiunea online – este una relativ recent inclusă în Cadrul European Comun de Referință pentru Limbi (CECRL), Companion Volume (2018), și presupune o abordare multimodală a comunicării. În contextul respectiv, studiul explorează modul în care grilele CECRL pentru interacțiunea online pot fi valorificate în proiectarea de scenarii didactice relevante pentru cursanții internaționali care învață limba română. Prin aplicarea tehnicilor de tip „strategia pâlniei” și „progressive-hint prompting”, cercetarea a generat, cu ajutorul ChatGPT, o serie de activități didactice adaptate nivelului B1, care simulează situații autentice de comunicare online (de exemplu, colaborarea într-un grup de chat pentru organizarea unui eveniment). Rezultatele indică faptul că, sub ghidajul profesorului, ChatGPT poate deveni un partener eficient în elaborarea de materiale interactive, relevante și motivate pentru studenți, favorizând dezvoltarea competențelor de interacțiune online într-un mediu autentic. Studiul evidențiază atât potențialul, cât și limitele actuale ale implicării AI în proiectarea didactică, subliniind necesitatea unei utilizări critice și reflexive a acestui instrument.
Cuvinte-cheie: inteligență artificială, ChatGPT, predarea limbilor străine, designul materialelor, româna ca limbă străină, interacțiune online, CECRL
Article history: Received 15 November 2024; Revised 19 April 2025; Accepted 27 April 2025; Available online 10 June 2025; Available print 30 June 2025
Some classes involving a convolution of analytic functions with some univalency conditions
Full text linkIn this paper, involving a convolution f ∗ g, two classes of normalized analytic functions f are defined. Showing an inclusion relation between these classes, various sufficient conditions for functions to be in these classes are established. In particular, varied forms of univalency conditions of the convolution function f ∗ g are given which lead to some univalency conditions of several linear operators.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 30C45, 30C55.
Received 19 November 2024; Accepted 11 April 2025
On the stability of KdV equation with time-dependent delay on the boundary feedback in presence of saturated source term
Full text linkThe current paper investigate the question of stabilizability of the Korteweg-de Vries equation with time-varying delay on the boundary feedback in the presence of a saturated source term. Under specific assumptions regarding the time-varying delay, we have established that the studied system is well-posed. Moreover, using an appropriate Lyapunov functional, we prove the exponential stability result. Finally, we give some conclusions.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 93B05, 35R02, 93C20.
Received 30 March 2024; Accepted 22 May 2024
The Possibilities of Dialogue on the Filioque in the Context of the Current Situation of Orthodoxy
No full textThis article examines the theological and historical implications of the Filioque doctrine within the context of contemporary Orthodox- Catholic dialogue, emphasizing its relevance amid the current challenges facing Orthodoxy, including ecclesiastical and political divisions. It traces the evolution of the Filioque controversy, highlighting key theological contributions from Orthodox scholars such as Vladimir Lossky and Dumitru Stăniloae and their perspectives on Orthodoxy’s identity. The paper discusses the Filioque’s impact on ecumenical efforts, noting the divergence in approaches between Orthodox and Western traditions. Furthermore, it explores the influence of nationalism and geopolitical conflicts, particularly the Russian-Ukrainian war, on inter-Orthodox relations and their effect on broader ecumenical dialogues. The article concludes by proposing that while institutional dialogue may be hindered by these crises, academic and theological exchanges remain vital for fostering understanding and advancing unity.
Article history: Received 10.11.2024; Revised 01.11.2024; Accepted 11.11.2024.
Available online: 11.01.2025; Available print: 30.01.2025
Friendship and Wellbeing in Emergent Adults. A Systematic Review
Full text linkThe present study examines the relationship between friendship quality and well-being in emerging adults, focusing on the psychological and social dimensions of these interactions. As individuals transition into adulthood, peer relationships play a crucial role in shaping emotional and mental health outcomes. This research explores key factors such as emotional support, social connectedness, and conflict resolution within friendships, analyzing their impact on overall well-being. Drawing from theoretical frameworks in developmental psychology and social support theory, the study employs both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to assess how variations in friendship dynamics influence self-esteem, stress levels, and life satisfaction. Findings indicate that high-quality friendships characterized by trust, emotional closeness, and mutual support are strongly associated with positive well-being indicators. Conversely, friendships marked by high levels of conflict or lack of reciprocity contribute to increased stress and lower psychological health. The study also considers the moderating effects of external stressors, such as academic pressures and social media influences, on these relationships. These findings underscore the significance of fostering strong and supportive friendships during early adulthood to promote psychological resilience and overall life satisfaction. The study contributes to the broader discourse on social relationships and mental health, highlighting the critical role of friendships in shaping the well-being of emerging adults
OUR EVERYDAY FOOD AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
Full text linkThis study explores the relationship between food labelling and consumer behaviour, with the primary aim of identifying the factors influencing food choices and evaluating the impact of education level and gender on the consultation of labels. The methodology involved data collection through a questionnaire distributed on Facebook, ensuring a varied geographic and demographic coverage. The results revealed significant differences in food choice behaviour influenced by area of residence and gender, with important criteria such as price and packaging appearance. A significant association was found between education level and the criteria for selecting products, and no notable differences were identified in label consultation between men and women. Contrary to the formulated hypothesis, there was no evidence that the level of education leads to significant difficulties in understanding label information. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing consumer behaviour in the food sector, although limitations related to the online data collection method and sample size may affect the generalisability of the results. Future research could benefit from a larger sample and additional methods to gain more comprehensive and precise insights
The “Philosophical Objects” Project: Practical Philosophy Through Experimental Research Pathways
Full text linkThe «Philosophical Objects» (PhOs) project concerns the organization of a research procedure where the basic paradoxical problem refers to the possibility of determining an object as philosophical. Through this effort, it is not only a philosophy of object that is at stake but also a conception about the determination itself of philosophical in function of its possible relation to the object. Moreover, it is progressively disclosed how such a project could be recognized as genuinely related to practical philosophy if the latter is interested in exploring the modes through which philosophy can encounter nonphilosophical ways of thinking and acting by thus revealing its practical potency and its experimental character
BERTWEETRO: PRE-TRAINED LANGUAGE MODELS FOR ROMANIAN SOCIAL MEDIA CONTENT
Full text linkThe introduction of Transformers, like BERT or RoBERTa, have revolutionized NLP due to their ability to better “understand” the meaning of texts. These models are created (pre-trained) in a self-supervised manner on large scale data to predict words in a sentence but can be adjusted (fine-tuned) for other specific NLP applications. Initially, these models were created using literary texts but very quickly the need to process social media content emerged. Social media texts have some problematic characteristics (they are short, informal, filled with typos, etc.) which means that a traditional BERT model will have problems when dealing with this type of input. For this reason, dedicated models need to be pre-trained on microblogging content and many such models have been developed in popular languages like English or Spanish. For under-represented languages, like Romanian, this is more difficult to achieve due to the lack of open-source resources. In this paper we present our efforts in pre-training from scratch 8 BERTweetRO models, based on RoBERTa architecture, with the help of a Romanian tweets corpus. To evaluate our models, we fine-tune them on 2 down-stream tasks, Sentiment Analysis (with 3 classes) and Topic Classification (with 26 classes), and compare them against Multilingual BERT plus a number of other popular classic and deep learning models. We include a commercial solution in this comparison and show that some BERTweetRO variants and almost all models trained on the translated data have a better accuracy than the commercial solution. Our best performing BERTweetRO variants place second after Multilingual BERT in most of our experiments, which is a good result considering that our Romanian corpus used for pre-training is relatively small, containing around 51,000 texts.
JEL classification: C45, C55, C88, O3
THERMAL BEHAVIOUR OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS OBTAINED FROM RECYCLED TETRA PAK® BY THERMOPLASTING FORMING
Full text linkTetra Pak® (TP) multilayer packaging consisting of paper, polyethylene (PE) and aluminum, are widely used as aseptic packages in the food and beverage industry. Consequently, large quantity of packaging waste is generated, and many efforts have been made for recycling. The aim of this work was to develop new composite materials from TP cartons waste by thermoplastic method at different temperatures ranging from 120 ºC to 140 ºC. The resulting material was characterized by thermogravimetric/differential thermal analyses (TG/DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements to establish the thermal behavior of the prepared composites. Based on these results, the degradation pathway of the composites obtained from TP waste was proposed. The results of the study show that the preparation of thermoplastic composites represents a promising recycling process. The thermal degradation temperature of the prepared composites establishes a limit for practical use, which prohibits the utilization of these materials at temperatures exceeding this threshold