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Understanding Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceptions of the Ideal Learning Environment for Mathematical Activities Through Drawings
No full textMathematical activities, which have the potential to engage students cognitively, are an essential component of modern educational approaches. The design of learning environments that facilitate the full realization of the potential of mathematical activities is as crucial as the activities themselves. Well-designed physical, social, and emotional learning environments significantly contribute to students’ holistic development. Pre-service teachers’ perceptions regarding the ideal learning environment for mathematical activities can shape the quality of learning environments they will create professionally. This study explores the perceptions of pre-service primary school teachers and pre-service elementary mathematics teachers regarding the ideal learning environment for mathematical activities through their drawings and related reflections. This study employs a qualitative case study design, and data were collected through freehand drawings depicting ideal learning environments and semi-structured interviews with pre-service teachers. The analysis reveals five prominent components of the ideal learning environment for mathematical activities: purpose, instructional methods and techniques, teacher–student roles, seating arrangements, and interrelations among these components. The findings indicate differences in perceptions between pre-service primary school teachers and pre-service elementary mathematics teachers. Additionally, the results highlight that these components are interrelated within the learning environment, with the purpose component serving as a guiding factor for the others.Mathematical activities, which have the potential to engage students cognitively, are an essential component of modern educational approaches. The design of learning environments that facilitate the full realization of the potential of mathematical activities is as crucial as the activities themselves. Well-designed physical, social, and emotional learning environments significantly contribute to students’ holistic development. Pre-service teachers’ perceptions regarding the ideal learning environment for mathematical activities can shape the quality of learning environments they will create professionally. This study explores the perceptions of pre-service primary school teachers and pre-service elementary mathematics teachers regarding the ideal learning environment for mathematical activities through their drawings and related reflections. This study employs a qualitative case study design, and data were collected through freehand drawings depicting ideal learning environments and semi-structured interviews with pre-service teachers. The analysis reveals five prominent components of the ideal learning environment for mathematical activities: purpose, instructional methods and techniques, teacher–student roles, seating arrangements, and interrelations among these components. The findings indicate differences in perceptions between pre-service primary school teachers and pre-service elementary mathematics teachers. Additionally, the results highlight that these components are interrelated within the learning environment, with the purpose component serving as a guiding factor for the others.</section
Promising Anticancer Activity of Pyrazole Compounds against Glioblastoma Multiforme: Their Synthesis, In vitro, and Molecular Docking Studies
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6 Şubat 2023 Pazarcık ve Elbistan Deprem Çiftinin Sismotektonik Karakteri
No full textOn February 6, 2023, twostrong (Mw=7.7 and Mw=7.6) and shallow (h=8.9 km and h=7.7 km) earthquakes withan interval of ~9 hours were struck in the Pazarcık and Elbistan(Kahramanmaraş) provinces in southern Türkiye, respectively. The first mainshockoccurred at 01:17:32 (UTC) and the second mainshock occurred at 10:24:47 (UTC).The focal mechanism solutions of these doublet earthquakes demonstrated theleft lateral strike-slip fault mechanisms with 310 km and 150 km surfaceruptures, respectively. According to the earthquake catalogue of the Disasterand Emergency Management Authority (AFAD), approximately 230 aftershocks wererecorded between the time interval of two mainshocks, 13 of which were magnitudegreater than M≥5.0. It is important to note that 11 aftershocks with amagnitude greater than M≥5.7 have occurred and the region has experiencedapproximately 70,000 aftershocks from 6 February 2023 to today. In general, thefocal mechanisms of these heavy aftershocks demonstrated the left-lateralstrike-slip mechanisms response to the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ) andDead Sea Fault Zone (DSFZ). Thesegreat mainshock doublets with mass aftershocks affected 11 cities called Hatay, Kahramanmaraş, Adıyaman, Malatya, Osmaniye,Gaziantep, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Adana and Elazığ provinces. Therefore,approximately 240,000 buildings were damaged, ~60,000people died, and ~115,000 people were injured in these cities.This study conducted theseismotectonic characterization of the 6 February 2023 Pazarcık and Elbistan mainshocksand their aftershock propagations using the Coulomb stress change, potentialfield anomaly, b-value distribution, and aftershock clusters. Also, wemade a seismotectonic review using the horizontal displacements of the focalmechanism solutions of the main shocks and their large aftershocks. Theaftershock clustering can be observed along the EAFZ, especially related to thePütürge, Erkenek, and Pazarcık segments and the Doğanşehir fault zone in the northand northeast directions. Besides, the south and southwest-oriented aftershockzone extends to the Yumurtalık and Amanos segments with the Ecemiş fault. Onone hand, the present-day Coulomb stress variations support these directions,especially in shallow depths. In the tectonic stress field maps, the mainshocks have caused the positive stress transferbetween Elazığ and Malatya provinces in the northeast, Kahramanmaraş-Göksun provincein the west, and Hatay province in the south. On the other hand, shallowaftershocks are associated with high-gravity anomalies. According to theanalysis of b-value distribution, the low b-values are identified in the northeast and southwest sections of EAFZ.Finally, wecan deduce that the observed parameters indicate upcoming seismicity in theintermediate and long term in both the northeast and southwest directions ofthe EAFZ.</p
Effect of nano mineral particles injected into embryonic sac on liver glycogen level of broiler chickens based on iron level in embryo yolk sac
No full textEvaluation of retinal layer thickness in patients with bipolar disorder, their relatives, and healthy controls using optical coherence tomography
No full textBackground: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic psychiatric condition characterised by mood episodes and associated structural changes in the central nervous system. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a non-invasive method to assess retinal layer thickness, potentially serving as an endophenotypic biomarker for neurodegeneration. This study aimed to compare retinal thickness among BD patients, their first-degree relatives, and healthy controls to identify structural markers and assess their alignment with existing literature. Methods: Thirty-six BD patients, 30 first-degree relatives, and 38 healthy controls were recruited from Van Yüzüncü Yıl University. Comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations and retinal layer thickness measurements using Spectralis OCT were performed. Retinal layers were analysed at 1 mm, 3 mm, and 6 mm concentric circles per the ETDRS protocol. Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness was evaluated across seven regions. Due to significant age differences among groups (p = 0.002), an ANCOVA analysis was used to control for the age effect. Results: Retinal analysis revealed a significant increase in the inferonasal (NI) nerve fibre layer thickness in BD patients and their first-degree relatives compared to healthy controls (p = 0.008). Optic nerve head analyses showed non-significant thinning in the temporal (T), inferotemporal (TI), and superotemporal (TS) nerve fibre layer thicknesses in BD patients and their relatives compared to healthy controls. The thicknesses of the macular retinal layers did not differ significantly among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The observed increase in NI optic nerve fibre layer thickness in BD patients and their first-degree relatives contrasts with the expected thinning reported in previous literature on neurodegeneration in psychiatric disorders. This finding underscores the complexity of structural changes in BD and raises the possibility of alternative pathophysiological mechanisms or methodological considerations influencing retinal measurements. Further research is needed to elucidate these phenomena and their implications for understanding BD
Discovery of New Pyrazole-Tosylamide Derivatives as Apoptosis Inducers Through BCL-2 Inhibition and Caspase-3 Activation
No full textIn this presented study, a series of new carbonitrile-substituted pyrazole-tosyl amide derivatives were designed and synthesized according to previous studies. The antiproliferative effects of the synthesized compounds on MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, HepG2, PC-3, and A549 cancer cell lines were assessed by MTT assay compared with non-cancerous cells. The results demonstrate that compounds 9d, 9e, and 9f had a higher antiproliferative effect (IC50 <10 μM) against both breast cancer cells. To investigate the ability of these compounds (9d-f) to induce apoptosis against breast cancer cells, BCL-2 levels and Caspase-3 activities of compound-treated breast cancer cell lines were measured by ELISA. The results revealed that these compounds significantly inhibited the levels of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 and increased the activity of apoptotic protein Caspase-3 in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Molecular docking studies confirmed that the selected compounds have high binding affinity towards the active site in the crystal structures of BCL-2 and Caspase-3. Moreover, drug-likeness and pre-ADMET evaluation showed that the compounds had suitable drug properties. This study may be a new milestone in terms of the promising importance of carbonitrile-substituted pyrazole-tosyl amide scaffolds as apoptosis-inducing agents for cancer therapy in the future
