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Changes in Demodex positivity before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and the potential influence of pandemic-related factors
No full textObjective: We aimed to compare Demodex positivity before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: Patients who underwent a standardized skin surface biopsy and direct microscopic examination for Demodex species in the prepandemic or pandemic period at a tertiary care center were included. The positivity rates in the two periods were compared across age, sex, and months using a proportional Z-test. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In total, 573 and 523 patients were included in the pandemic and prepandemic periods, respectively. Demodex positivity was significantly higher in the pandemic period (68.9%) than in the prepandemic period (50.5%) (p < 0.00001). Demodex positivity increased significantly among male (p = 0.00386) and female groups (p < 0.00001) in the pandemic period compared with that in the prepandemic period. Positivity rates increased in all age groups, with significant increases observed in those aged 10–25 (p = 0.00006), 36–45 (p = 0.0012), and 46–55 (p = 0.01242) years. Conclusion: Demodex positivity was higher in the pandemic period than in the prepandemic period, with significant increases observed during colder months. Furthermore, the increase in positivity was most prominent in patients aged 10–25 years, who spend more time in schools or crowded work places. Therefore, a possible association of face mask use and higher Demodex positivity must be explored through future controlled studies
Real-world outcomes and prognostic factors in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma: a multicenter study of 157 patients
No full textPrimary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a rare and distinct subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. No consensus exists on optimal frontline treatment, and the use of R-CHOP ± radiotherapy (RT) and DA-EPOCH-R ± RT remains common, yet comparative real-world data are limited. In our multicenter retrospective study, we analyzed PMBCL patients, stratified by the first-line therapy (R-CHOP-21 ± RT or DA-EPOCH-R ± RT). Primary outcomes were complete response (CR) rate, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS), alongside assessment of treatment-related toxicities and prognostic factors for PFS and OS. We included 157 patients [R-CHOP ± RT group (n = 80) and DA-EPOCH-R ± RT group (n = 77)] with a median age of 31 years, of whom 68.2% were female. CR rates were similar for R-CHOP ± RT (75%) and DA-EPOCH-R ± RT (76.6%). RT use was higher in the R-CHOP group (41.2% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.002). DA-EPOCH-R had significantly higher toxicity (29.9% vs. 16.2%, p = 0.033). The median follow-up of the entire cohort was 29 months with 2-year PFS and OS rates of 73.9% and 83.6%, respectively. Also, PFS and OS did not differ between regimens. In patients achieving CR with R-CHOP, RT omission did not impact survival. Multivariate analysis identified older age, poor performance status, superior vena cava syndrome and splenic involvement as independent OS predictors, while pericardial effusion, splenic involvement and hemoglobin < 10.5 g/dL were linked to inferior PFS. R-CHOP-21 ± RT and DA-EPOCH-R ± RT provide comparable efficacy in PMBCL. Due to the higher toxicity of DA-EPOCH-R, for those achieving CR following R-CHOP, selective RT omission may be a reasonable alternative. Established and disease-specific prognostic factors should guide individualized treatment strategies
Erdal Erzincan’ın Bağlama İcra Tavrı Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Dik Halay Örneği
No full textBu çalışma, Türk halk müziğinde bağlama icrası bağlamında, Erdal Erzincan’ın “Dik Halay” yorumunda sergilediğiteknik tavrı çözümlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada tarama modeli benimsenmiş; evreni bağlama icra tavırları,örneklemi ise Erzincan’ın albüm kaydı üzerinden analiz edilen “Dik Halay” performansı oluşturmuştur. Veri toplamaaracı olarak Anadolu adlı albümde yer alan ses kaydı kullanılmış, doküman analizine dayalı olarak icracının uygulamaları notasyonla tespit edilmiştir.Elde edilen bulgular, eserin 7/16’lık (2+2+3) usulde ve 488 BPM tempoda icra edildiğini göstermiştir. Erzincan’ınicrasında, sol elde çekme (∧) ve çarpma (∨) teknikleri; sağ elde ise takma tezene (↓↑ ↑) tekniği ön plandadır. Bunlaraek olarak 21–23. ölçülerdeki “fa diyez” süsleme teknikleri ile bağlı çalım ( ) tekniğinin kullanımı, eserin ritmik vemelodik akışına beklenmedik vurgu katmıştır. Bağlama düzeninde ağırlıklı olarak ikinci (2p) ve dördüncü (4p) pozisyonların tercih edildiği, nota yazımında “fa koma” perdesinin “fa diyez 3” olarak düzeltilmesinin uygun bulunduğusaptanmıştır.Sonuç olarak, Erdal Erzincan’ın “Dik Halay” adlı eserin icrasında ortaya koyduğu çarpmaçekme, takma tezene,süsleme ve bağlı çalım tekniklerinin hem kişisel tavır özelliklerinin hem de Doğu Anadolu yöresi üslubununkarakteristik öğelerinin somut göstergeleri olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu tekniklerin belgelenmesi, bağlama pedagojisive etnomüzikolojik çalışmalar için yol gösterici niteliktedir. Çalışma, bu uygulamaların müzik eğitim müfredatınave uyarlama süreçlerine dâhil edilmesinin, bağlama icracılığının teknik düzeyini ve çeşitliliğini artıracağı görüşünüdesteklemektedir.This study aims to analyze the technical performance style exhibited by Erdal Erzincan in his interpretation of “DikHalay” within the context of bağlama performance in Turkish folk music. The research adopted the survey model; thepopulation consists of bağlama performance styles, while the sample is formed by Erzincan’s “Dik Halay” performance analyzed through his album recording. As the data collection tool, the audio recording included in the albumAnadolu was used, and based on document analysis, the performer’s practices were identified through notation.The findings revealed that the piece was performed in the 7/16 (2+2+3) rhythmic pattern and at a tempo of 488 BPM.In Erzincan’s performance, lefthand techniques such as pulloff (∧) and hammeron (∨), and righthand techniqueof “takma tezene” (↓↑ ↑) were prominent. In addition, the use of ornamentation techniques on “F♯” in measures 21–23 and the legato technique ( ) added unexpected emphasis to the rhythmic and melodic flow of the piece. It wasdetermined that the second (2p) and fourth (4p) positions were predominantly preferred in bağlama tuning, and thatcorrecting the “fa koma” pitch to “F♯3” in the notation was deemed appropriate. As a result, it was understood thatthe hammeron/pulloff, takma tezene, ornamentation, and legato techniques employed by Erdal Erzincan in hisperformance of “Dik Halay” are concrete indicators of both his personal performance characteristics and the stylistic features of the Eastern Anatolian region. Documenting these techniques is instructive for bağlama pedagogy andethnomusicological studies. The study supports the view that incorporating these practices into music educationcurricula and adaptation processes will enhance the technical level and diversity of bağlama performance.</p
Molecular Investigation of Bacterial Agents in Abortion Materials of Small Ruminantsin Some Eastern Anatolian Provinces
No full textAN EVALUATION ON THE MEANING AND EXPRESSION OF ART HISTORY IN THE CONTEXT OF VISUAL LITERACY IN MUSEUMS
No full textVisual literacy is becoming increasingly important in today's world. Visual materials are used in every aspect of our daily lives. By making sense of these materials, visual literates can better understand the world. Visual literates can also use visual materials to express their ideas and messages effectively. Visual literacy is the ability to understand and interpret visual materials. Visual materials can take a wide variety of forms, such as photographs, drawings, graphics, films and television programmes. Visual literates can evaluate the content, purpose, message and construction of visual materials. The aim of this study is to analyse museum participants' knowledge of the concept of visual literacy as well as their ability to understand newly introduced visual literacy concepts in relation to the science of art history. The main purpose of this study, which was carried out with document analysis and scanning method, is to answer the question of how art history is interpreted and explained in the context of visual literacy in museums. The study examines how museums can help their visitors make sense of and explain works of art. As a result of the study, it develops suggestions on how museums can use visual literacy skills to explain art history more effectively.</jats:p
Exploring the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Fatigue, Quality of Life, Daytime Sleepiness, and Anxiety-depression Levels in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
No full textMorphologic and Histometric Studies on the Distribution of Mast Cells and Plasma Cells in the Rat Digestive System of Bisphenol S
No full textBisphenol A is a chemical widely used in plastic production, and BisphenolS is its most well-known analog. Although Bisphenol S is known to causevarious health issues, knowledge regarding its effects on immune cellsand the immune system remains limited. The primary objective of thisstudy is to determine the effects of Bisphenol S on the immune system.To investigate the impact of Bisphenol S on the distribution of mast andplasma cells, 28 rats were divided into 4 groups. In addition to the controland vehicle control groups, BPS was dissolved in an ethanol-olive oil mixture and administered to two groups at doses of 5 mg/kg/day and 20 mg/kg/day doses. Histological methods were used to work on tissue samplesfrom the digestive tract. Toluidine Blue was used to stain mast cells, andMethyl-Green Pyronin was used to stain plasma cells. Cell counts wereperformed using an ocular micrometer, and the results were subjected tocomparative statistical analyses. The results showed that the number ofmast cells increased significantly in the colon. The number of plasma cellsin the esophagus, duodenum, and jejunum also increased. These resultsindicate that BPS can stimulate immune cells in the digestive tract in various ways. It is concluded that further research is necessary to understandthese effects better</p