Van Yüzüncü Yıl University Research Information System
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Handbook of Microplastic Pollution in the Environment Microplastic Pollution in Aquatic Environments
No full textThe use of plastic, which is largely included in our daily lives, causes an increase in microplastic (MP) concentrations in ecosystems. Microplastics can be found in surface waters, sediments, beaches, and some aquatic organisms. It has been revealed that pieces of plastic have been found in many places, from deserted islands to the poles and even the Mariana Trench, the deepest region in the world. Microplastics, which were first discovered in studies conducted in the oceans, have been determined to accumulate in fresh waters in recent years. Plastics, one of the most common pollutants in the city, are widely encountered in the lakes close to the city center. In addition to being transported by streams flowing into the lake, plastics can be directly contaminated into the lake by human-induced activities taking place in the lake. The types of microplastics formed by the breakdown of plastics vary depending on the characteristics of the polluting sources. In this study, the surface waters and sediments of lakes in the urban area where microplastics are contaminated were examined, and the characteristics and effects of the sources causing MP pollution were examined.</p
Morphologic evaluation of the coccyx in the pediatric population
No full textPurpose: This computed tomography study aimed to display the alteration in the coccyx morphology (its ossification process, dimension and angulation) in children with advancing age. Methods: Pelvic radiologic scans of 180 children aged 1–18 years were retrospectively evaluated to observe changes in the coccyx morphology with age, and to measure the linear length (LL), curvilinear length (CLL), sacrococcygeal angle (SCA), and intercoccygeal angle (ICA). Results: The present study divides the postnatal evolution of the coccyx into three phases as follows: (a) in the first stage when the coccyx is of the shortest, it is completely cartilage until the age of 2 (infancy period) and its first segment begins to ossify by the age of 3 (early childhood period), (b) in the second stage when the coccyx is of medium size, its first segment is completely ossified by the age of 6 (late childhood period) and the ossification of its all segments is completed from the age of 11 (prepubescent period), and (c) in the third stage when the coccyx is of the longest, it reaches to adult size (postpubescent period). Linear functions were calculated as y = 15.647 + 1.145 × age (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.561) for LL, and as y = 16.829 + 1.243 × age (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.559) for CLL. Conclusion: Considering that morphological features of the coccyx, such as ICA, can be used in the diagnosis of coccydynia, our dataset may facilitate the identification of children with suspected coccydynia
Türkiye’de Fen Eğitimine Entegre Edilmiş STEM Uygulamalarında Kullanılan Öğretim Yöntem ve Stratejileri ile Öğrencilerin Bilişsel ve Duyuşsal ve Devinişsel Gelişimlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
No full textCoğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri İle Konaklama Tesisi Yer Seçimi Planlaması: Van İli Gevaş İlçesi Örneği
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TLEABLCNN: Brain and Alzheimer’s Disease Detection using Attention based Explainable Deep Learning and SMOTE using Imbalanced Brain MRI
No full textAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the primary causes of dementia. It degenerates the brain and reduces the activity of individuals by disrupting their memory and physiological functions. A comprehensive examination of specific brain tissue is required in order to accurately diagnose a brain condition using magnetic resonance imaging. The main aim of this research was to develop a rapid and effective technique for detecting healthy persons before the onset of brain tumours, including AD, pituitary tumours, gliomas, and meningiomas. This work presents a lightweight convolutional architecture based on EfficientNet with a Squeeze Attention Block using transfer learning. The proposed approach used lightweight layers with an L2 regularizer, global pooling (2D), and batch normalisation to construct the model, including two dropout layers. This paper utilises the synthetic minority oversampling approach to address the issues of overfitting and imbalanced samples by balancing two significantly imbalanced MRI datasets. We evaluated the efficacy of the minority strategy by doing experiments on both the training set and the entire dataset. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was evaluated using several performance measures and compared with previous published research. We evaluated the proposed approach for explainability via gradient-weighted class activation mapping to comprehend the model’s behaviour and its predictions
The effect of the important variables for the design novel milli-channel cooling system on the evaporator performance by the Taguchi method
No full textOptimizing controllable parameters is crucial to milli-channel cooling system design. This study investigates the heat transfer and hydrodynamic properties of a novel annular flow boiling process of water in milli-channels with better pulsation that passes through a rectangular cross section at a constant temperature. By optimizing system operating parameters and vapor and liquid recirculation, the main novelty in this suggested approach is the achievement of continuous thin-film (micron-sized) annular flow conditions. The 3D simulation model created by a 1D simulation technique has certain boundary restrictions to guarantee the existence of a thin layer of annular flow across the boiler’s whole surface. In Taguchi analysis, the signal-to-noise ratio is determined by using the following input parameters: the Reynolds number, the heated surface temperature, and the pulsatile character of fluid flow. According to the findings, the vapor quality in pulsatile flow is estimated to be 2% to 3% greater than in continuous flow. As thin-film thickness increases, wall temperature declines toward flow. Moreover, there is an approximate 2.5% increase in the mean heat transfer coefficients for pulsatile flow cases compared to continuous flow cases. Furthermore, the average vapor velocity in pulsatile flow is lower than that in continuous flow, according to an analysis of the velocity distributions for each reference zone. The average surface temperature at specified planes in pulsatile flow scenarios is ~ 0.5 K higher than continuous flow situations
