Institute for Advanced Science, Social, and Sustainable Future
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Exploring the contributing factors to the happiness index in the context of social environment
Get PDFBackground: Happiness is a vital factor for well-being, and its measurement has become an important tool in assessing national prosperity. The United Nations' World Happiness Report ranks countries annually, and in 2024, Indonesia ranked 80th out of 143 countries. This study examines Indonesia's happiness index, focusing on the factors influencing happiness, such as life satisfaction, social support, and inequality, beyond just economic measures like GDP. Methods: The research used a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data was gathered from the happiness index published by Indonesia's Central Statistics Agency, which includes nineteen indicators categorized into three dimensions: life satisfaction, feelings, and the meaning of life. These indicators were analyzed to determine their contribution to the national happiness index. Findings: The study found that happiness in Indonesia is influenced by more than just the nation's GDP. Factors such as education, health, poverty levels, the GINI index (income inequality), and social contributions like Zakat, Infaq, and Charity (ZIS) play significant roles. Higher levels of social support, as represented by ZIS, are linked to increased happiness, while income inequality, measured by the GINI index, can negatively impact happiness. Conclusion: The happiness index in Indonesia is shaped by a combination of economic, social, and health-related factors. While GDP is important, variables like education, health, and social support systems, including charitable activities, have a more direct impact on individual and collective happiness in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study provides a deeper understanding of the multidimensional nature of happiness in Indonesia, highlighting the significance of social and economic factors beyond traditional measures such as GDP. It emphasizes the role of social support and the impact of inequality on happiness, offering insights into improving national well-being
Tri murti symbolism in candi prambanan: Revealing the cycle of creation, maintenance, and dissolution in hindu cosmology
Get PDFBackground: Prambanan Temple, as a world cultural heritage site, is a silent witness of the Tri Murti worship in Hinduism. Tri Murti, which consists of Brahma (Creator), Vishnu (Preserver), and Shiva (Redeemer), is represented by three main temples in the Prambanan Temple complex, namely Shiva Temple, Vishnu Temple, and Brahma Temple. This research aims to reveal the symbolism of Tri Murti in Prambanan Temple and its relationship with the Hindu cosmological cycle that includes creation, maintenance, and dissolution. Methods: The approach used is qualitative with analytical descriptive method, which examines the architectural structure and arrangement of the three main temples as a representation of the cycle of the universe. Findings: The results show that the arrangement and selection of the three temples illustrate the concept of Hindu cosmology related to the three stages of the life of the universe. This discovery not only confirms the spiritual significance of Prambanan Temple as a place of worship of Tri Murti but also enriches our understanding of Hindu teachings in the context of architecture and space. Conclusions: Tri Murti worship at Prambanan Temple makes an important contribution to the theory of Hindu cosmology and has significant implications for the preservation of Hindu culture and religious practices in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study reveals the unique connection between Tri Murti symbolism and the Hindu cosmological cycle in Prambanan's architecture, which has been rarely explored in previous research
Simulation of hybrid push/pull production system for cost reduction and resource optimization in sustainable automotive manufacturing
Get PDFBackground: The rapid development of the automotive industry requires an efficient production system to minimize costs and optimize resources. PT XYZ, an automotive component manufacturer, previously relied on a push production system based on demand forecasts. However, discrepancies between forecasted and actual demand led to excess inventory and increased storage costs. To address this issue, a hybrid push/pull production system was introduced, aiming to balance inventory levels while maintaining production efficiency. Methods: This study employs a discrete event simulation method using Arena software to analyze the impact of implementing a hybrid push/pull production system at PT XYZ. The research utilizes company data from October 2016 to compare the efficiency of different production scenarios. Findings: Findings indicate that adopting a hybrid push/pull production system significantly reduces inventory costs while preventing backorders. The system modifies the upstream process by transitioning from forecast-based production to a pull system that aligns with actual demand. Meanwhile, the push system remains in use for raw materials and semi-finished components to ensure production continuity. Additionally, worker and machine utilization decreased, allowing the company to reallocate resources for other product lines, thereby enhancing production capacity. Conclusion: The study concludes that implementing a hybrid push/pull production system provides PT XYZ with a competitive advantage by reducing operational costs without compromising demand fulfillment. However, this system requires careful inventory tracking and employee adaptation. In the long run, reduced storage costs lead to substantial savings. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this research lies in its application of hybrid push/pull production to an SME automotive manufacturer in Indonesia, demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing costs and improving resource utilization.
Implementation of minimum health service standards on health service coverage for educational age the basis and its influence on student health status
Get PDFBackground: Minimum Service Standar Health for basic education age health services is one of the 12 minimum service standards in the health sector that must be provided by district/city governments to every citizen with a target of 100% achievement. Findings: However, in 2023, the achievement of the minimum service standar target has not been met for the Kupang City Government so that citizens aged 7-15 years have not fully received basic health services. The aim of this research is to find out how the implementation of Minimum Service Standar Health in primary education age health services in Kupang City and its relationship with students' health status. Methods: This research is a mixed method research with data collection techniques in the form of filling out questionnaires, interviews and desk reviews conducted at Penfui Health Center, Oepoi Health Center, Oebobo Health Center, Kupang City Health Center and Oesapa Health Center. The sample in the study was 45 people consisting of Heads of Community Health Centers, Community Health Center Health Workers, School Health Business/Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah (UKS) Managers and Teachers. Conclusion: The results of statistical tests show that there is a significant relationship between the variables communication (p=0.03), resources (p=0.018), disposition (p=0.020), bureaucratic structure (p=0.037) on Health Service Coverage at Primary Education Age. Meanwhile, the health service coverage variable for primary education age has no relationship with students' health status (p=0.167). Novelty/Originality of this article: So it is necessary to increase outreach activities from health workers to parents, families and the community in order to increase understanding and awareness about the importance of health checks at the primary education age so that activities can be carried out well and students benefit from these activities
The Heritagization of Bogor’s Al Mustofa Ancient Mosque: Preserving Cultural Values through Material Culture and Ritual Practices
No full textBackground: This research examines the role of material cultures and ritual practices at Masjid Kuno Al Mustofa in preserving heritage values using a heritagization approach. It also explores how the heritage value of the community around the Al Mustofa Ancient Mosque evolves in the context of cultural sustainability and social relevance. Unlike conventional heritage preservation focused on physical structures, this study investigates how intangible cultural practices and artifacts contribute to maintaining cultural continuity and relevance. Methods: This research employs the archaeological method proposed by K.R. Dark, which consists of several stages: data sources, data processing, evidence, and interpretation. Data sources were obtained from field surveys at Masjid Kuno Al Mustofa Bogor and literature studies. Findings: The findings reveal that Masjid Kuno Al Mustofa preserves its heritage values not through its physical structure but through the material culture contained within it, including religious artifacts and ritual practices. These cultural elements play a significant role in maintaining cultural sustainability and social relevance within the community. The heritagization approach demonstrates how cultural practices evolve and adapt while preserving their core values, thus ensuring the mosque's role as a living monument. Conclusion: Masjid Kuno Al Mustofa exemplifies a dynamic model of cultural heritage preservation through intangible cultural practices and material artifacts, highlighting the importance of community involvement in sustaining cultural values. The heritagization approach provides a framework for understanding the evolving cultural identity within the community, ensuring cultural continuity and social relevance for future generations. Novelty: This study offers a novel perspective by examining the preservation of heritage values through material culture and ritual practices rather than physical structures. It highlights the significance of the heritagization approach in understanding cultural sustainability and social relevance, positioning Masjid Kuno Al Mustofa as a living monument.
Assessing the sustainability of community livelihoods: An ecological approach to enhancing livelihoods in forest area
Get PDFBackground: This study aims to assess the level of sustainable livelihoods in a village with significant natural resource potential, analyze the assets affecting the community's livelihoods, and propose strategies to enhance sustainability. Methods: This research was conducted in Piantus Village, Sejangkung District, over four weeks, using surveys, interviews, and questionnaires. A sample of 86 families from 598 was selected through Random Sampling. Descriptive analysis, processed with Microsoft Excel, assessed five livelihood assets: human, natural, social, financial, and physical. Findings: The results of this study indicate that based on the community livelihood asset indicator index in Piantus Village, Sejangkung District, Sambas Regency, the average index scale score obtained from community livelihood assets was 0.62 with moderate criteria which means not yet sustainable. Conclusion: The strategy carried out by the Piantus Village community is the Accumulation Strategy, the condition of the assets owned by the Piantus Village community is not yet sustainable and can be said to be relatively unsustainable so that accumulation needs to be carried out to improve its condition. Novelty/Originality of This Study: By incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods, it provides fresh insights into the challenges and opportunities for enhancing livelihood sustainability in resource-dependent communities, offering a new strategic framework for ecological-driven livelihood improvement
Microorganisms in probiotic beverage fermentation: Health benefits and mechanisms in dairy and non-dairy products
Get PDFBackground: Probiotics are microorganisms that actively improve health by improving the balance of intestinal microflora when consumed alive in adequate amounts. Probiotics are directly able to help the microflora in the digestive tract to inhibit pathogenic bacteria that can interfere with the digestive tract. This review aims to find out some examples of probiotic fermented beverage products, types of microorganisms that play a role and their benefits for human health. Methods: This article is a descriptive explanation using the literature review method. The stages of the literature review include collecting literature sources that are relevant to the research topic. Furthermore, analysis and evaluation of important findings from previous studies are carried out. Finally, a synthesis is carried out to formulate conclusions. Finding: Fermented dairy products such as yogurt, soy sauce, kefir, and yakult, as well as non-dairy products such as kombucha tea, are good sources of probiotics for health. The fermentation process in dairy products converts lactose into lactic acid, while in kombucha tea, fermentation occurs through a solution of tea and sugar with a kombucha microbial starter (a symbiosis of bacteria and yeast). Conclusion: Both fermented dairy products and non-dairy products contain probiotics that are beneficial for health. Fermentation of dairy products occurs by converting milk lactose into lactic acid. Novelty/Originality of This Study: This review uniquely compares dairy and non-dairy probiotic beverages, highlighting the symbiotic fermentation in kombucha tea as an alternative to traditional dairy products. It offers a fresh perspective on the diverse microbial mechanisms and health benefits of probiotics from both sources
The impact of delayed disease treatment on inmates' right to life and health: A comparative study of correctional healthcare systems
Get PDFBackground: Correctional institutions are responsible for ensuring inmates’ right to life and health. However, many prisons prioritize curative healthcare over preventive measures, leading to severe health risks. This study examines the case of inmate AM’s death at Blitar Prison, which resulted from delayed medical intervention. The study also compares healthcare practices in different correctional facilities to highlight best practices. Methods: The method used in this research is doctrinal research. Additionally, a comparative analysis is performed by evaluating healthcare standards in other prisons, particularly Class IIB Sampit Prison, which implements daily health check-ups. Findings: The study reveals that Blitar Prison failed to implement adequate preventive healthcare services, which contributed to AM’s death. The lack of health education and routine medical check-ups resulted in delayed treatment, violating inmates' fundamental rights. A comparison with Sampit Prison demonstrates that proactive healthcare policies, including daily medical examinations and in-cell visits, significantly improve inmate health outcomes. Conclusion: To prevent similar cases, correctional institutions must enhance preventive healthcare services through regular medical screenings and health education for inmates. Additionally, the Directorate General of Corrections must establish a revised Basic Healthcare Service Standard for prisons in accordance with Law No. 22 of 2022. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a critical evaluation of prison healthcare policies and emphasizes the shift from a curative approach to a preventive one. By highlighting best practices, the research contributes to policy recommendations that can improve healthcare in correctional institutions
The mechanism for implementing judicial pardon in the criminal justice system in Indonesia: Comparative study with various countries
Get PDFBackground: This study discusses the mechanism of implementing judicial pardon in the criminal justice system in Indonesia with the legal basis of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana/KUHP 2023). Although it has been regulated in the 2023 Criminal Code, this concept is not balanced with formal provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana/KUHAP). Methods: This study is through functional comparative legal with various countries regarding laws and regulations, literature, and other legal materials in analyzing the mechanism of judges in granting judicial pardon, especially regarding the form of decisions and their legal remedies against decisions containing judicial pardons that are in accordance with the regulations and application of judicial pardon in Indonesia. Findings: Although the validity of judicial pardon is only included in the 2023 Criminal Code, the existence of the application of this judicial pardon has existed in criminal justice practices in Indonesia. In addition, there are several countries that have regulated the application of judicial pardon formally in the Criminal Procedure Code, especially the form of the decision and its legal remedies. Conclusion: There is an urgency to regulate the mechanism for imposing judicial pardon in the Criminal Procedure Code which includes the form of the decision on the granting of judicial pardon which is regulated as a special decision and legal remedies against the judicial pardon decision in the form of cassation. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study comprehensively conducts a comparative study with several countries that have regulated the mechanism for applying judicial pardon to find the right formulation for applying judicial pardon to be implemented in Indonesia
Bibliometric analysis of ecocentrism: Perspective on sustainable development and addressing environmental issues
Get PDFBackground: Ecocentrism, emphasizing the intrinsic value and interconnectedness of nature, has become a significant perspective in environmental and development fields. This article aims to explore research trends on ecocentrism using a science-mapping approach. Methods: A bibliometric analysis of 1,317 documents from Scopus (1982–2024) was conducted using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny to visualize research linkages. Findings: Research on ecocentrism has grown exponentially since 2010, with a peak in 2022. Key topics in this field include ecocide, ecocriticism, rights of nature, future generations, indigenous peoples, and posthumanism, providing a foundation for future studies. Conclusion: Ecocentrism plays a pivotal role in sustainable development, focusing on ecosystem restoration, responsible management, and ecological sustainability while promoting the rights of future generations and strengthening indigenous conservation efforts. Novelty/Originality of the Study: This study provides a comprehensive mapping of research on ecocentrism, revealing its growing significance and key topics that are central to advancing future ecological research and sustainable development